Chapter/Packet 3

Question 1

House of Burgesses

Answer 1

was the elected representative element of the Virginia General Assembly, the legislative body of the Colony of Virginia

Question 2

Act of Toleration

Answer 2

referred to as the Act of Toleration, was an Act of the Parliament of England. Passed in the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution, it received royal assent on 24 May 1689.

Question 3

Barbados Slave Code

Answer 3

established that enslaved Africans be treated as chattel.

Question 4

English Civil War

Answer 4

series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists led by Charles I, mainly over the manner of England’s governance and issues of religious freedom. It was part of the wider Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

Question 5

Squatters

Answer 5

is the action of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied area of land or a building, usually residential, that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have lawful permission to use. T

Question 6

Tuscarora War

Answer 6

fought in North Carolina from September 10, 1711 until February 11, 1715 between the Tuscarora people and their allies on one side and European American settlers, the Yamassee, and other allies on the other.

Question 7

Yamasee Indians

Answer 7

were a multiethnic confederation of Native Americans who lived in the coastal region of present-day northern coastal Georgia

Question 8

Buffer

Answer 8

helps you build an audience organically.

Question 9

Calvinism

Answer 9

major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians.

Question 10

predestination

Answer 10

the doctrine that God has ordained all that will happen, especially with regard to the salvation of some and not others.

Question 11

conversion

Answer 11

the process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.

Question 12

Puritans

Answer 12

members of a religious reform movement known as Puritanism that arose within the Church of England in the late 16th century.

Question 13

Separatists

Answer 13

also called Independent, any of the English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who wished to separate from the perceived corruption of the Church of England and form independent local churches.

Question 14

Mayflower Compact

Answer 14

originally titled Agreement Between the Settlers of New Plymouth, was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony.

Question 15

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Answer 15

, more formally the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, was an English settlement on the east coast of North America around the Massachusetts Bay, the northernmost of the several colonies later reorganized as the Province of Massachusetts Bay.

Question 16

Great English Migration

Answer 16

igration to New England was marked in its effects from 1620 to 1640, declining sharply afterwards. The term Great Migration usually refers to the migration in the period of English Puritans to Massachusetts and the Caribbean, especially Barbados.

Question 17

antinomianism

Answer 17

doctrine according to which Christians are freed by grace from the necessity of obeying the Mosaic Law.

Question 18

Fundamental Orders

Answer 18

were adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on January 24 [O.S. January 14] 1639. The fundamental orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers. They wanted the government to have access to the open ocean for trading.

Question 19

Pequot War

Answer 19

was an armed conflict that took place between 1636 and 1638 in New England between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the colonists from the Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their allies from the Narragansett and Mohegan tribes.

Question 20

King Philip’s War

Answer 20

was an armed conflict in 1675–1676 between indigenous inhabitants of New England and New England colonists and their indigenous allies.

Question 21

New England Confederation

Answer 21

a federation of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Haven, and Plymouth established in May 1643 by delegates from those four Puritan colonies.

Question 22

Navigation Laws

Answer 22

a series of laws passed by the British Parliament that imposed restrictions on colonial trade.

Question 23

Dominion of New England

Answer 23

Strengthened colonial defense from Native American attacks.

Question 24

Glorious Revolution

Answer 24

is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and VII of England and Scotland in November 1688, and his replacement by his daughter Mary II and her husband and James’s nephew William III of Orange, de facto ruler of the Dutch Republic.

Question 25

salutary neglect

Answer 25

was Britain’s unofficial policy, initiated by prime minister Robert Walpole, to relax the enforcement of strict regulations, particularly trade laws, imposed on the American colonies late in the seventeenth and early in the eighteenth centuries.

Question 26

Quakers

Answer 26

people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements are generally united by a belief in each human’s ability to experience the light within or see “that of God in every one”.

Question 27

blue laws

Answer 27

a body of regulations designed to preserve the Sabbath by proscribing most labor on that day.

Question 28

John Rolfe

Answer 28

1585-1622) was an early settler of North America known for being the first person to cultivate tobacco in Virginia and for marrying Pocahontas. Rolfe arrived in Jamestown in 1610 with 150 other settlers as part of a new charter organized by the Virginia Company.

Question 29

Lord Baltimore

Answer 29

is most noted for the founding of Maryland. Beyond that, he is known for creating religious freedom for all Christians within his North American colonies.

Question 30

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 30

(born April 25, 1599, Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England—died September 3, 1658, London), English soldier and statesman, who led parliamentary forces in the English Civil Wars and was lord protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1653–58) during the republican Commonwealth.

Question 31

James Oglethorpe

Answer 31

Championing the Oppressed. From 1722 to 1743, Oglethorpe served in the British House of Commons, gaining a reputation as the champion of the oppressed. He pressed for the elimination of English prison abuses and, in 1732, defended the North American colonies’ right to trade freely with Britain and the other colonies.

Question 32

Martin Luther

Answer 32

a 16th-century monk and theologian, was one of the most significant figures in Christian history. His beliefs helped birth the Reformation—which would give rise to Protestantism as the third major force within Christendom, alongside Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.

Question 33

John Calvin

Answer 33

known for his influential Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536), which was the first systematic theological treatise of the reform movement. He stressed the doctrine of predestination, and his interpretations of Christian teachings, known as Calvinism, are characteristic of Reformed churches.

Question 34

William Bradford

Answer 34

He developed private land ownership and helped colonists get out of debt. He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and Indian attacks.

Question 35

John Winthrop

Answer 35

As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony’s government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a “city upon a hill” from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.

Question 36

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 36

A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.

Question 37

Roger Williams

Answer 37

legacy remains the establishment of complete religious freedom and separation of church and state. To some degree, this was enhanced by colonies like Maryland and Pennsylvania that established the principles of freedom of religion and separation of church and state, to a degree.

Question 38

Massasoit

Answer 38

Chief Massasoit signed a peace treaty with the Pilgrims in 1621 which led to the first Thanksgiving celebration and exchanges of food.

Question 39

Metacom (King Philip)

Answer 39

led one of the most costly wars of resistance in New England history, known as King Philip’s War (1675–76). Metacom was the second son of Massasoit, a Wampanoag sachem who had managed to keep peace with the English colonizers of Massachusetts and Rhode Island for many decades.

Question 40

Charles ii

Answer 40

From the 1660s to the 1680s, Charles II added more possessions to England’s North American holdings by establishing the Restoration colonies of New York and New Jersey (taking these areas from the Dutch) as well as Pennsylvania and the Carolinas.

Question 41

Sir Edmund Andros

Answer 41

, (born Dec. 6, 1637, London, Eng. —died Feb. 24, 1714, London), English administrator in North America who made an abortive attempt to stem growing colonial independence by imposing a kind of supercolony, the Dominion of New England.

Question 42

William Ill

Answer 42

As King of Scotland, he is known as William II. He is sometimes informally known as “King Billy” in Ireland and Scotland. His victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is commemorated by Unionists, who display orange colours in his honour.

Question 43

Mary Il

Answer 43

born April 30, 1662, London, England—died December 28, 1694, London), queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1689–94) and wife of King William III. As the daughter of King James II, she made it possible for her Dutch husband to become coruler of England after he overthrew James’s government.

Question 44

William Penn

Answer 44

1644–1718), founder of Pennsylvania and one of the first champions of expressive freedoms in the American colonies, demonstrated how a free society could work and how individuals of different races and religions could live together in liberty and peace.