Chapter/Packet 10

Question 1

Revolution of 1800

Answer 1

Vice President Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic-Republican Party defeated incumbent president John Adams of the Federalist Party. The election was a political realignment that ushered in a generation of Democratic-Republican leadership.

Question 2

Judiciary act of 1801

Answer 2

the lame-duck Federalist majority in Congress, which favored a strong national government, made radical changes to the federal courts. The Judiciary Act of 1801 expanded federal jurisdiction, eliminated Supreme Court justices’ circuit court duties, and created 16 federal circuit court judgeships.

Question 3

midnight judges

Answer 3

represented an effort to solve an issue in the U.S. Supreme Court during the early 19th century. There was concern, beginning in 1789, about the system that required the Justices of the Supreme Court to “ride circuit” and reiterate decisions made in the appellate level courts.

Question 4

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 4

5 U.S. 137, was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States.

Question 5

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 5

5 U.S. 137, was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States.

Question 6

Tripolitcian war

Answer 6

The First Barbary War, also known as the Tripolitan War and the Barbary Coast War, was the first of two Barbary Wars, in which the United States and Sweden fought against the four North African states known collectively as the “Barbary States”

Question 7

Louisiana Purchase,

Answer 7

was the acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from the French First Republic in 1803. In return for fifteen million dollars, or approximately eighteen dollars per square mile, the United States nominally acquired a total of 828,000 sq mi in Middle America.

Question 8

Orders in Council

Answer 8

made by the King acting on the advice of the Privy Council and are approved in person by the monarch. Some, like those that transfer functions between Ministers of the Crown, are made using powers conferred by an Act of Parliament.

Question 9

Impressment

Answer 9

enforcement of military or naval service on able-bodied but unwilling men through crude and violent methods. Until the early 19th century this practice flourished in port towns throughout the world.

Question 10

Chesapeake affair

Answer 10

engagement off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia, on June 22, 1807, between the British fourth-rate HMS Leopard and the American frigate USS Chesapeake. The crew of Leopard pursued, attacked, and boarded the American frigate, looking for deserters from the Royal Navy.

Question 11

Embargo Act

Answer 11

was a general trade embargo on all foreign nations that was enacted by the United States Congress.

Question 12

Non-Intercourse Act

Answer 12

which remains substantially the same today, prohibits conveyances of an Indian tribe’s interests in land unless the conveyance is negotiated in the presence of a federal commissioner and ratified by Congress.

Question 13

Macon’s Bill No. 2.

Answer 13

The law lifted all embargoes with Britain and France for three months. It stated that if either belligerent ceased disrupting American shipping, the United States would embargo the other, unless that other country also agreed to cease disrupting American shipping.

Question 14

war hawks

Answer 14

someone who favors war or continuing to escalate an existing conflict as opposed to other solutions. War hawks are the opposite of doves.

Question 15

Battle of Tippecaune

Answer 15

was fought on November 7, 1811, in Battle Ground, Indiana, between American forces led by then Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and Native American forces

Question 16

Sally Hammings

Answer 16

one of the most famous—and least known—African American women in U.S. history.

Question 17

Timothy Dwight

Answer 17

grandson of the great theologian of the Awakening, Jonathan Edwards. He believed there could be no national virtue without national religion, and these beliefs led to him being made the president of Yale College and bringing about religious revival there

Question 18

James callender

Answer 18

well known in his lifetime as a political writer and newspaper editor, is remembered today chiefly for his series of newspaper articles alleging that Thomas Jefferson had children with Sally Hemings.

Question 19

Madison hemnings

Answer 19

After Hemings and his younger brother Eston were freed, they each worked and married free women of color; they lived with their families and mother Sally in Charlottesville until her death in 1835.

Question 20

Monticello

Answer 20

the home from 1770 until his death in 1826, of Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and third president of the United States.

Question 21

Andrew Jackson

Answer 21

the first man elected from Tennessee to the House of Representatives, and he served briefly in the Senate. A major general in the War of 1812, Jackson became a national hero when he defeated the British at New Orleans.

Question 22

Margret Beyard Smith

Answer 22

was an American author and political commentator in the early Republic of the United States, a time when women generally lived within strict gender roles. Her writings and relationships shaped both politics and society in the capital of early Washington, DC.

Question 23

Benjamin tallmadge

Answer 23

most significant accomplishment was overseeing the Culper Spy Ring during the American Revolution. This organization provided timely and accurate intelligence to General George Washington from 1778 to 1783 and set a high standard for future clandestine operations.

Question 24

Ralph earl

Answer 24

was an American painter known for his portraits, of which at least 183 can be documented. He also painted six landscapes, including a panorama display of Niagara Falls.

Question 25

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 25

Appointed Secretary of the Treasury in 1801 by President Jefferson and continuing under President James Madison until 1814, Gallatin was in office nearly thirteen years, the longest term of any Secretary in the Department’s history.

Question 26

John Marshall

Answer 26

Widely considered the most influential jurist in U.S. history, Marshall laid the foundations for the Supreme Court’s role as ultimate interpreter of the Constitution and paved the way for the expansion of the federal government in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Question 27

Samuel chase

Answer 27

was a Founding Father of the United States, a signatory to the Continental Association and United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Maryland, and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

Question 28

Napoleon 3

Answer 28

Napoleon III promoted the building of the Suez Canal and established modern agriculture, which ended famines in France and made the country an agricultural exporter. He negotiated the 1860 Cobden–Chevalier Free Trade Agreement with Britain and similar agreements with France’s other European trading partners.

Question 29

James Monroe

Answer 29

James Monroe was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825.

Question 30

Robert r Livingston

Answer 30

He was a member of the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence, and, after helping to draft New York state’s first constitution (1777), he served as the state’s first chancellor, a judicial office (1777–1801).

Question 31

James Madison

Answer 31

was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father. He served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison is hailed as the “Father of the Constitution” for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the Constitution of the United States and the Bill of Rights.

Question 32

William pitt

Answer 32

the Younger was a British statesman, the youngest and last prime minister of Great Britain and then first prime minister of the United Kingdom as of January 1801. He left office in March 1801, but served as prime minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806.

Question 33

Tecumseh

Answer 33

was a Shawnee warrior chief who organized a Native American confederacy in an effort to create an autonomous Indian state and stop white settlement in the Northwest Territory (modern-day Great Lakes region).

Question 34

tenskwatawa

Answer 34

correctly predicted a solar eclipse, cementing his follower’s beliefs and attracting more followers. Eventually Tenskwatawa established a headquarters for the united Indian Confederation on the banks of the Tippecanoe River in western Indiana Territory, called Prophetstown.

Question 35

William Henry Harrison

Answer 35

was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest presidency in United States history.

Question 36

Henry clay

Answer 36

Throughout his career, as senator, Speaker of the House, and secretary of state, Clay helped guide a fragile Union through several critical impasses. As senator, he forged the Compromise of 1850 to maintain the Union, but such compromises could not settle the fractious issues that ultimately resulted in Civil War.

Question 37

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 37

American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and the third President of the United States (1801–1809).

Question 38

Democratic republican

Answer 38

Referred as the Jeffersonian’s, founder Jefferson and James Maddison. commitment to broad principles of personal liberty, social mobility, and westward expansion.”

Question 39

Toussaint l’Ouverture

Answer 39

led a successful slave revolt and emancipated the slaves in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti).