chapter five part three

Question 1

gene expression

Answer 1

DNA directs RNA synthesis - contracts protein synthesis
- changes over life

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

discrete unit of inheritance

Question 3

nucleic acid

Answer 3

polymers made of monomers called nucleotides

Question 4

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 4

provides directions for own replication, double-stranded helix

Question 5

what type of fat do animals typically have

Answer 5

saturated

Question 6

what type of fat do plants typically have

Answer 6

unsaturated

Question 7

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Answer 7

single stranded, ribose sugar, protein synthesis and gene regulation

Question 8

monomers of nucleic acids

Answer 8

nucleotides

Question 9

bonds in nucleic acids

Answer 9

phosphodiesters

Question 10

composition of nucleotides

Answer 10

• pentose carbon sugar (5C)
• nitrogenous base (nitrogen-containing)
• 1-3 phosphate groups

Question 11

2 types of bases

Answer 11

pyrimidine, purine

Question 12

pyrimidine

Answer 12

cytosin, thymin, uracil
- (6C ring)

Question 13

purine

Answer 13

adenine, guanine
- (6C ring + 5C ring)

Question 14

sugars where nitrogenous bases attach

Answer 14

• deoxyribose
• ribose

Question 15

deoxyribose sugar

Answer 15

DNA, lacks O atom on 2nd carbon in ring

Question 16

phosphate group numbers

Answer 16

mono, di, tri

Question 17

DNA structure

Answer 17

double helix with strands running antiparallel

Question 18

who “discovered” DNA double helix

Answer 18

James Watson and Francis Crick
- 1953
- 1 page paper
- Nobel: 1962

Question 19

antiparallel

Answer 19

2 sugar-phosphate backbones run in opposite 5’ to 3’ directions

Question 20

base pairs

Answer 20

A-T/U
C-G