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community health nursing > Chapter 9 Planning for Community Change > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Planning for Community Change Flashcards

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1
Q

chapter highlights
- health planning at the state, national, and global levels
- social and environmental determinants of health
- social ecological model and multilevel interventions
- community coalitions
- health impact pyramid
- health equity and social justice
- Lewis change theory, force field analysis, and levers of change
- logic model
- role of the community health worker
- funding community health interventions
- evaluating community health interventions
- nurse managed health centers

A
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2
Q

health planning
- defintion

A

organized and systematic process in which problems are identified, priorities selected, and objectives set for the development of community health programs based on the findings of community health assessments and health surveillance data

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3
Q

what levels can health planning occur on

A

global
national
regional
state
county
local

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4
Q

common themes of current national and international health plans

A
  • providing health promotion and disease prevention at the population level
  • addressing social determiannts
  • achieving health equity
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5
Q

common themes of current national and international health plans
- providing health promotion and disease prevention t what level

A

population

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6
Q

common themes of current national and international health plans
- addressing what

A

social determinants

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7
Q

common themes of current national and international health plans
- achieving what

A

health equity

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8
Q

incidence vs prevalence

A

indicience is new
prevalence is all

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9
Q

national level implementations (2)

A

healthy people
national prevention strategy

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10
Q

ongoing planning is driven by trends in health outcomes and health behavior identified from

A

disease survalence by states and CDC

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11
Q

national prevention goal

A

increase the number of Americans who are healthy at every stage of life

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12
Q

national prevention goal 4 strategic directions for national prevention

A
  1. creating healthy and safe community enviornments
  2. integrating clinical and community preventive services
  3. empowering people in making healthy choices
  4. eliminating health disparities
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13
Q

national prevention goal 4 strategic directions for national prevention
- creating what type of enviornments

A

healthy and safe

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14
Q

national prevention goal 4 strategic directions for national prevention
- integrating what into the clinical and community

A

preventative services

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15
Q

national prevention goal 4 strategic directions for national prevention
- empowering people in making what choices

A

healthy

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16
Q

national prevention goal 4 strategic directions for national prevention
- eliminating what

A

health disparities

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17
Q

community health improvement plan (CHIP) does what

A

emphasizes accountability and includes specific performance measures for improvement

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18
Q

community assessment: systematic process that may use several approaches including

A
  • key informatnt interviews
    analysis of data on health status and
    behaviors
  • observation
  • community surveys
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19
Q

system theory

A

social systems engage in reciprocal exchange or flows of information, energy, resources, and goods or services
systems within the community are interdependent and interconnected

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20
Q

system theory
- systems within the community are

A

interdependent and interconnected

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21
Q

to develop a plan for the community, what are the steps

A

1 plan
2. coalitions
3. stakeholders

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22
Q

develop a plan for the community
- first step

A

identify the population
- could be whole country, state, city
- or population aggregate (ex: adults over 50)

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23
Q

develop a plan for the community
- factors to consider in forming a coalition include

A

history of working together
- was it successful or not

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24
Q

social ecological model
- defintion

A

multiple determinants of health interact at different levels to affect the health status of individual people, population aggregates, or communities

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25
Q

impact pyramid
- defintion

A

useful framework for community health nurses when planning health promotion interventions at multiple levels

26
Q

bottom level of impact pyramid

A

socioeconomic factors

27
Q

level above socioeconomic factors of the impact pyramid

A

changing the context to make individual default decisions healthy
- laws

28
Q

level above changing the context to make individual default decisions healthy of the impact pyramid

A

long lasting protective interventions
- vaccines

29
Q

level above long lasting protective interventions of the impact pyramid

A

clinical interventions

30
Q

level above clinical interventions of the impact pyramid

A

education and counseling

31
Q

3 types of multilevel interventions

A

upstream
mainstream
downstream

32
Q

upstream

A

societal, environmental, or policy level

33
Q

mainstream

A

at the population or community level

34
Q

downstream

A

at the individual level

35
Q

obesogenic

A

enviornment not healthy

36
Q

salutogenic

A

enviornment is healthy

37
Q

3 levels to Lewin’s change theory

A

unfreezing
changing
refreezing

38
Q

Lewin’s change theory
- unfreezing

A

community moves form denial or lack of awareness to the need to change/address

39
Q

Lewin’s change theory
- changing

A

process of changing or transition begins

40
Q

Lewin’s change theory
- refreezing

A

process of stabilizing once change has occurred with the goal of sustaining the change in the community

41
Q

force field analysis
- definition

A

tool used to identity the forces driving or restraining change

42
Q

levers of change
- definition/goal

A

increase driving forces and/or to decrease restraining forces

43
Q

community readiness for chnage

A

planning programs or interventions to change community health status include and assessment of the communities readiness to undertake the change process related to specific health issue

44
Q

a communities readiness for change is

A

issue-specific

45
Q

planning community level interventions need 3 things

A

guide to community preventive service
logic model
smart goals

46
Q

SMART goals

A

specific measurable achievable relevant time bound

47
Q

guide to community preventive service
- task force on community preventive service connects reviews of research for evidence of the effusiveness of

A

community based prevention and health promotion programs

48
Q

logic model
- definition

A

how a program or intervention is expected to produce desirable outcomes

49
Q

logic model
- steps

A

inputs/resources
activies
outputs/measures
intermediate outcomes

50
Q

logic model
- inputs/rescources

A

what do we need

51
Q

logic model
- actives

A

what are we doing

52
Q

logic model
- outputs/mesures

A

how to measure

53
Q

logic model
- intermediate outcomes

A

what re you expecting to see

54
Q

community health worker
- definition

A

help bridge the gap between the community health nurse and the community especially when there are cultural and language differences

55
Q

things we need to consider when creating a community level intervention (4)

A

accountability
sustainability
replication
funding

56
Q

accountability

A

accountable for how the program was implemented

57
Q

sustainability

A

how will this continue after funding has ended

58
Q

replication

A

can we establish or replicate in another community

59
Q

funding types

A

government
private
local

60
Q
A

community health nursing (34 decks)

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