Chapter 1 Public Health Nursing, Present, Past, Future Flashcards
3 major changes in healthcare in 21 century
- development of patient centered care
- increase technology
- increased personal responsibility for health
Chapter highlights
- Health care changes in 21st century
- Characteristics of public health nursing
- public health nursing roots
- challenges for practice in 21st century
who is the largest segment of healthcare
nurses
social determinants defintion
social conditions where people work, live, play
social determinants impact on the extent which a person or community possesses the physical, social, and personal resources necessary to
attain and maintain health
health disparities defintion
differences in healthcare and health outcomes experienced by one population when compared with another
some groups have access to fewer recourses
health disparity
when can social determinants can become health disparity
in comparison of other communities
5 examples of social determinants of health
education
economic stability
health care
neighborhood/enviornment
social/community context
3 core function of the government in healthcare
- assesses healthcare problems
- intervenes by developing relevant healthcare policy that provides access to service
- ensures that services are delivered and outcomes are achieved
uninsured Americans were primarily
young people
low income
single adults
small business owners
self employed
did not have access to employer sponsored health insurance
what is a common indicator for healthcare
infant mortality & longevity
which type of government is responsible for health
state
goals of patient protection and affordable act (6)
- provide affordable health insurance coverage to most Americans
- lower costs
- improve access to primary care
- preventive care and prescription benefits
- cover pre existing conditions
- extend your adults coverage
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- health insurance should be
affordable
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- do what to costs
lower then
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- improve access to
primary care
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- preventive care? yes or no
yes
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- prescription benefits? yes or no
yes
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- will it cover pre existing conditions?
yes
goals of patient protection and affordable act
- extend what type of coverage
young
the challgebce for USA in 21 century is to create a dynamic streamlined healthcare system that produces not only the finest technology and research but also
most accessible, efficient, low cost, and high quality healthcare in the world
patient client centered care categories (5)
- cultural traditions
- personal preferences
- values
- families
- lifestyle
if we shift toward patient centered care this means that what needs to be measured and from what perspective
broader range of outcomes need to be measured and from the patients perspective to understand benefits
healthcare has been evolving toward a multifaceted system that
empowers patients and clients
clinical decisions are made collaboratively with
clients and professionals
Health information technology (HIT) definition
comprehensive management of health information and its exchange between consumers, providers, government, and insurers in a secure manner
who is the federal entity responsible for the coordination and safety of information technology issues
Office of the national coordinator for health information and technology
Telehealth definition
use of electronic information to support long distance clinical healthcare, patient and professional health related eduction, public health, and health administration
pros to telehealth
get to serve the underserved populations
can meet with someone across country
cons to telehealth
need access to internet
do not get face to face
elderly are not tech savvy
chance to overmedicate
if people have vested interest in their health
they will do more to maintain it
personal responsibility for health involves active participation in ones own health through
education and life style changes
public health nursing definition
population based practice defined as a synthesis of nursing and public health within the context of preventing disease and disability and promoting and protecting the health of the entire community
public health nursing is what based practice
public
public health nursing is the synthesis of
nursing and public health
public health nurses prevent
disease and disability
public health nurses promote and protect
health of entire community
who is the client in public health nursing
population
primary obligation of public health nursing
achieve greatest good for the greatest number of people or people as a whole
public health nurses collaborate with the client as a
equal partner
primary prevention is the priory in selecting
appropriate activities
public health nursing focuses on strategies that create
healthy enviornment, social, and economic conditions in which populations may thrive
a public health nurse is obligated to actively identify and reach out to all who
might benefit from a specific activity or service
what is necessary to assure the best overall improvement in the health of populatiosn
using available rescues and creation of new evidence based strategies
collaborate with who is the most effective way to promote and protect the health of the people
other professions, organizations, and stakeholder groups
who sets the scope and standard for all professional nursing practice
American nurses association
what is required to meet each standard of practice
competencies
how many tiers of competencies
3
tier one competency
apply to entry level public health professionals at the basic or generalist level
tier 2 competency
applied to individuals with management/supervisory responsibilities
considered specialists or mid level practioners
tier 3 competecny
applied to senior managers and leaders at executive level who deal with multisystems
these competencies underlie
the wide variety of of roles and resposblites that public health nurses accept
public health intervention wheel has how many interventions
17
based on the public health intervention wheel actions can be taken on behalf of who to protect or improve health status
individuals, families, communities, and systems
the black plauge killed how many people
1/4 of population in Europe
English poor law marked the beginning of
state provided relief for the poor
English poor law placed the responsibility on who to care for people within its boundaries
district
public health in early America was strongly influences by
brisitsh traditions
evidence based nursing defintion
integration of the best evidence available with clinical expertise and the values of the client to increase quality of care
evidence based public health defition
public health endeavor in which there is judicious use of evidence derived from a broad variety of science and social science research
epidemiology defintion
science of prevention
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century (5)
- engaging in evidence based practice
- helping eliminate health disparities in underserved populations
- demonstrating cultural competence
- planning for community change
- contributing to a safe and healthy enviornment
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century
- engaging in
EBP
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century
- helping eliminate what from underserved populations
health disparities
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century
- demonstrating
cultural competence
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century
- planning for _________ change
community
challenges for public health nursing in 21st century
- contributing to a safe and healthy
enviornment
populations are not homogenous so we must
address the needs of social subpopulations
high risk and vulnerable subpopulations must be identified when
early in the care delivery cycle
nonusers of service often become
high cost users
quality and cost of all health care services are
linked together across the health care continuum
