Chapter 9 Flashcards
What’s the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?
Fermentation doesn’t use oxygen while cellular respiration does
Loses electrons
Oxidation
Gains electrons
Reduction
What happens to the energy when compounds lose electrons? Gain?
Lose; gain
What electron carrier is hydrogen transferred to first?
NAD
An organic molecule that acts as a cofactor
Coenzyme
What happens when NAD is reduced?
The enzyme delivers 2 electrons and 1 proton to form NADH
Is NAD oxidized or reduced?
Oxidized
Does NADH have a higher or lower potential energy?
Higher
Is NADH oxidized or reduced?
Reduced
Does NAD have a higher or lower potential energy?
Lower
Moves electrons down a series of redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP
Electron transport chain
Where is electron transport found in eukaryotic cells? Prokaryotic?
Mitochondria membrane, cell membrane
What is the final electron acceptor?
oxygen
What is the pathway of electrons in cellular respiration?
Glucose, NADH, electron transport chain, oxygen
Breaks glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate
Glycolysis
Production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reaction of an electron transport chain
Oxidative phosphorylation
Energy released during a reaction, such as the breakdown of sugar molecules, is used directly to synthesize ATP. Small amount of energy is generated
Substrate Level
Where is glycolysis taking place?
Cytosol
Why is oxygen the ultimate electron acceptor?
It’s extremely electronegative
What are the 2 electron carrier molecules that feed electrons into the electron transport system?
NADH, FADH2
What must be supplied for aerobic respiration to continue?
NAD
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Water, ATP, carbon dioxide
Which phases of cellular respiration occur in the mitochondria?
Krebs, oxidative phosphorylation, link
What phases require oxygen?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What phase produces carbon dioxide?
Krebs, link
What phase produces water?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What phases produce ATP?
Krebs, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation
How many ATPs are being produced for every glucose undergoing cellular respiration?
38
What happens to the amount of NAD if only glycolysis was occuring?
NAD will run out
What does the presence of lactic acid indicate about what process is occuring?
Glycolysis
What molecules acts as an electron acceptor in glycolysis?
NADH
Is the pyruvate likely to move across the mitochondrial membrane by diffusion?
No because it’s polar
How many acetyl-CoA, carbon dioxide, and NADH are produced in the link reaction for each glucose molecule?
2
