Chapter 22 Flashcards
What is the role of fossils in rock strata?
Show traces of organisms in the past, we could tell how organisms have changed
Mechanisms of change are present over time
Uniformitarianism
What are the 2 principles of Lamarck’s mechanism
Use and disuse, inheritance of an acquired characteristics
Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance survival and reproduction
Adaptations
Individuals have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates
Natural selection
What are the four evidences of evolution?
Homology, direct observations of change, fossil record, biogeography
Similarities because of common ancestry
Homology
Historical remnant of a structure that used to serve as a function
Vestigial structures
Similar because of convergent evolution
Analogous structures
Reflects evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms
Evolutionary tree
Evolution of similar features in independent evolutionary lineages
Convergent evolution
Study of past and present geographic distribution of species
Biogeography
Mass extinctions/repopulations explain changes in fossil records
Catastrophism
Believed in catastrophism
George Cuvier
Believed in taxonomy
Carlous Linnaeus
