Chapter 27

Question 1

What 2 domains include prokaryotes?

Answer 1

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 2

What is the composition of the typical bacterial cell wall?

Answer 2

Peptidoglycan

Question 3

What 3 functions does the prokaryotic cell wall provide?

Answer 3

Maintains shape, protects cell, prevents it from bursting

Question 4

Simpler wall with larger amounts of peptidoglycan

Answer 4

Gram-positive

Question 5

Dense wall and well-defined layer of polysaccharide or protein that surrounds the cell wall

Answer 5

Bacterial capsule

Question 6

Prokaryotes that are capable of directional movement

Answer 6

Taxis

Question 7

Small circular, self-replicating pieces of DNA found in bacterial cells

Answer 7

Pili

Question 8

What 3 features allow prokaryotic populations to reproduce quickly?

Answer 8

Small, binary fission, short generation times

Question 9

Help cells to adhere

Answer 9

Fimbrae

Question 10

Contains the genome

Answer 10

Nucleoid

Question 11

Thick coated resistant cell produced by some bacterial cells when they’re exposed to harsh conditions

Answer 11

Endospores

Question 12

Combining of DNA from 2 sources

Answer 12

Recombination

Question 13

Change in genotype and phenotype

Answer 13

Transformation

Question 14

Phages carry prokaryotic genes from 1 host to another

Answer 14

Transduction

Question 15

DNA segment that lets it form pili

Answer 15

Sex pilus

Question 16

Direct transfer of DNA between 2 cells that are temporarily joined

Answer 16

Conjugation

Question 17

Functions as a donor during replication during conjugation with an F- cell

Answer 17

Hfr cell

Question 18

Bacterial plasmid carrying genes that confer resistance to certain antibiotics

Answer 18

R plasmids