CHAPTER 7b pt. 2

Question 1

The average length of children’s spoken statements (measured in phonemes)

Answer 1

Mean length of utterance (MLU)

Question 2

Persisting in suing problem soling strategies that have worked in the past

Answer 2

Mental set

Question 3

the ability to reflect on use of language

Answer 3

Metalinuistic awareness

Question 4

The smallest units of meaning in a language

Answer 4

Morphemes

Question 5

Using a word incorrectly to describe a wider set of objects or actions than it is meant to

Answer 5

Overextensions

Question 6

In children, incorrect generalization of grammatical rules to irregular cases where they do not apply

Answer 6

Overregularization

Question 7

the smallest units of sound in a spoken language

Answer 7

Phonemes

Question 8

Active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily available

Answer 8

Problem solving

Question 9

The set of possible pathways to a solution considered by the problem solver

Answer 9

Problem space

Question 10

A standardized measure of a sample of a person’s behaviour

Answer 10

Psychological test

Question 11

Basing the estimated probability of an event on how similar it is to the typical prototype of that event

Answer 11

Representative heuristic

Question 12

Making choices under conditions of uncertainty

Answer 12

Risky decision making

Question 13

The collection of subjects selected for observation

Answer 13

Sample

Question 14

The area of language concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word coninations

Answer 14

Semantics

Question 15

A system of rules that specify how words can be combined into phrases and sentences

Answer 15

Syntax

Question 16

Speech consists mainly content of words; articles; prepositions and other less critical words are omitted

Answer 16

Telegraphic speech

Question 17

Simon’s assertions that people tend to use simple strategies in decision making that focus on only a few facets of available options and often result in irrational decisions that are less than optimal

Answer 17

Theory of bounded rationality

Question 18

Trying possible solutions sequentially and discarding those that are in error until one works

Answer 18

Trial and error

Question 19

Errors that occur when a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a narrower set of objects or actions than it is meant to

Answer 19

Underextentions