CHAPTER 12 Vocab F-Z Flashcards
A psychological disorder marked by a chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat
Generalized anxiety disorder
The process of determining the location and chemical sequence of specific genes on specific chromosomes
Genetic mapping
Sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of a real, external stimulus, or gross distortions of perceptual input
Hallucinations
the tendency to mold one’s interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out
Hindsight bias
A somatoform disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with health concerns and incessant worry about developing physical illnesses
Hypochondriasis
A legal status indicaing that a person cannot be held responsible for his or her own actions because of mental illness
Insanity
A civil proceeding in which people are hospitalized in psychiatric facilities against their will
Involuntary commitment
Passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events
Learned helplessness
Mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and despair and a loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure
Major depressive disorder
A class of disorders marked by emotional disturbances of varied kinds that may spill over to disrupt physical perceptual, social, and though processes
Mood disorders
The view that is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease
Medical model
Dissociative identity disorder
Multiple-personality disorder
The strengthening of a response because it is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus
Negative reinforcement
Schizophrenic symptoms hat involve behavioral deficits, such as flattened emotions, social withdrawal, apathy, impaired attention, and poverty of speech
Negative symptoms
A type of anxiety disorder marked by persistence, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions), and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
A type of anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety that usually occur suddenly and unexpectedly
Panic disorder
A type of schizophrenia that is dominated by delusions of persecution along with delusions of grandeur
Paranoid schizophrenia
A class of psychological disorders marked by extreme, inflexible personality personality traits that cause subjective distress or impaired social and occupational functioning
Personality disorders
Irrational fears of specific objects or situations
Phobias
A type of anxiety disorder marked by a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that presents no realistic danger
Phobic disorder
Schizophrenic symptoms that involve behavioral excesses or peculiarities, such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and wild flights of ideas
Positive symptoms
A species-specific predispositionts be conditioned in certain ways and not others
Preparedness
The percentage of a population that exhibits a disorder during a specified time period
Prevalence
A forecast about the probable course of an illness
Prognosis
Physical ailments with a genuine organic basis that are caused in part by psychological factors, especially emotional distress
Psychosomatic diseases
Basing the estimated probability of an event on how similar it is to the typical prototype of that event
Representativeness heuristic
Loss of memories for events that occurred prior to a head injury
Retrograde amneisa
A type of somatoform disorder marked by a history of diverse physical complaints that appear to be psycholgoical in origin
Schizophrenic disorders
A type of somatoform disorder marked by a history of diverse physical complaints that appear to e psychological in origin
Somatization disorder
A class of psychological disorders involving physical ailments with no authentic organic basis that are due to pschological factors
Somatoform disorders
Any circumstances that threaten or are perceived to threaten one’s well-being and that thereby tax one’s coping abilities
Stress
An unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without previous conditioning
Unconditioned response (UR)
A stimulus that evokes an unconditioned response without previous response conditioning
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
A type of schizophrenia marked by idiosyncratic mixtures of schizophrenic symptoms
Undifferentiated schizophrenia
