CHAPTER 7a Flashcards
Tests that gauge a person’s mastery and knowledge of various sbjects
Achievement tests
Psychological tests used to asses talent for specific types
Aptitude tests
The extent to which there is evidence that a test measures a particular hypothetical construct
Construct validity
The degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it’s supposed to cover
Content validity
Narrowing down a list of alternatives to converge o a single correct answer
Convergent thinking
The extent to which two variables are related to each other
Correlation
A numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variable
Correlation coefficient
The generation of ideas that are original, novel, and useful
Creativity
Test validity that i estimated by correlating subjects’ scores on a test with their scores on an independent criterion of the trait assessed with the test
Criterion-related validity
One’s ability to apply acquired skills and knowledge in problem solving
Crystallized intelligence
Scores that locate subjects precisely within the normal distribution using the standard deviation as the unit of measurement
Deviation IQ scores
Behaving differently, usually nfairly, toward the members of a group
Discrimination
Trying to expand the range of alternatives by generating many possible solutions
Divergent thinking
The ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought, understand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion
Emotional intelligence
Statistical analysis of correlations among many variables to identify closely related cluster of variables
Factor analysis
The reproductive success (number of descendants) of an individual organism relative to the average reproductive success of a population
Fitness
One’s reasoning ability, memory capacity, and speed of information processing
Fluid intelligence
An estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance
Heritability ratio
The group that people usually belong to and identify with
Ingroup
In problem solving, the sudden discovery of the correct solution following incorrect attempts based primarily on trial and error
Insight
A child’s mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100
IIQ
Psychologial tests that measure general mental ability
Intelligence tests
In intelligence testing, a score that indicates that a child displays the mental ability typical of a child of that chronological age
Mental age
Subnormal general mental ability accompanied by deficiencies in everyday living skills originating prior to age 18
Mental retardation
Goal-directed behavior
Motivation
A symmetric bell-shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many characteristics are dispersed in the population
Normal distribution
A figure that indicates the percentage of people who score below the score one has obtained
Percentile score
Psychological tests that measure various aspects of personality including motives, interests, values, and attitudes
Personality tests
Genetically determined limits on IQ or other traits
Reaction range
Active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily available
Problem solving
Giving an abstract concept a name and then treating it as though it were a concrete tangible object
Reification
An index of the amount of variability in a set of data
Standard deviation
The uniform procedures used in the administration and scoring of a test
Standardization
Widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group
Stereotypes
Standards that provide information about where a score on a psychological test ranks in relation to other scores on that test
Test norms
The ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure
Validity
The measurement of consistency of a test
Reliability
