Chapter 7b Flashcards
The degree to which a person is socially and psychologically integrated into a new culture
Acculturation
the formation of a new conditioned response tendency
Acquisition
A methodical, step by step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem
Algorithm
Phenomenon that occurs when people’s belief about whether an outcome will occur changes depending on how alternative outcomes are distributed, event though the assumed probability of the outcomes is held constant
Alternative outcomes effect
Basing the estimated probability of an event on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind
Availability heuristic
Any overt response or activity by an organism
Behavior
The tendency to hang onto beliefs in the face of contradictory evidence
Confirmation bias
An error that occurs when people estimate that odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone
Conjunction bias
An error that occurs when people estimate that the odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone
Conjunction fallacy
The process of evaluating alternatives and making choices among them
Decision making
The premise that knowledge should acquired through observation
Empiricism
The process by which children map a word onto an underlying concept after only one exposure to the word
Fast mapping
Individuals’ tendency to rely primarily on external versus internal frames of reference when orienting themselves in space
Field dependence independence
How issues are posed or how choices are structured
Framing
The tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use
Functional fixedness
