Chapter 7 Flashcards
65
Single family homes make up what percentage of the fires we respond to?
80%
66
What is one clear advantage of fighting fires in single family homes?
We usually live in the same types of structure and therefore have an idea of general layouts.
66
Truly understanding building construction begins with breaking the house down into what two tangible bits?
The floor plan and its construction.
66
The first part of understanding building construction is to understand ____
The guts of the building, more appropriately we need to understand the building construction home styles and their respective floor plans.
67
Cape Cod
smaller single family dwelling with low ceilings to conserve heat. Central staircase with master down and smaller bedrooms up. Dormers create knee walls (void space )in these houses that allow for fire spread
67
Colonial
Central staircase with rooms and hallways off the stairway. Living and dining toward front and kitchen in rear, bedrooms upstairs. All windows stacked with higher ceilings.
67
Split level
marriage of the colonial and rancher. entrance leads directly to living and dining with little compartmentalization . Kitchen in line with front door and stairs that lead off to basement, and maybe garage. Off living room was stairwell that leads upstairs to all the bedrooms. Access to attic through hallway scuttle.
68
Split Foyer
Giveaway is the presence of double hung full size windows on the basement level. Front entrance up stairs. Foyer is between floors with stairs going up and down. Downstairs is the family room and in-law suite, up is kitchen, living, dining, and bedrooms.
68
Rancher/Rambler
Popular post WWII housing boom, simple rectangular one story design offers open floor plan. Exposed beams bedrooms located off common hallway
68
McMansion/estate home
Commercial tactics may be appropriate, home over 5000 square feet ups to 20,000 lots of rooms and chandeliers.
68
How much has the single family home grown over the the last 29 years?
90%
69
How does knowing floor plans and interior characteristics help firefighters?
- you can have a general path
- helps develop a plan from the characteristics of how the heat and fire will move
- focus search and rescue operations, prepare for tactical ops
69
Where do fire usually start on ballon formed structures?
They usually start low (in the basement) and travel inside the wall to the attic where you will see it on arrival (show high)
70
Ballon Frame
popular in the early 1900s continuing into post WWII era
70
What is this guy’s made up name for Ordinary construction?
lumberyard surrounded by four block walls.
70
What is the hazard of Ordinary construction?
There are no void spaces to route pipes and electrical chase so the holes are made between the floors for these utilities and fire finds and exploits these void spaces.
70
Platform
Builder builds frame of the house in square or rectangle then builds another floor on top of that. the platforms are not continuous so there is a fire stop, which can be negated by utilities.
71
Lightweight
Use of cheaper materials and even engineered lumber. The fasteners that secure lightweight components together are prone to failure in fire conditions.
72
When comparing different types of construction styles, we see that one factor exist in regard to our FFing tactical decisions. What is that factor?
Is the structure old or new
72
When we give on scene reports, who is that information for and what should they do with it?
For incoming units so that they can formulate their operational plan and paint a picture the incident.
72
What does simply knowing if it is old or new construction do for firefighters?
Gives them an idea of the timeframe they have to work in the structure.
72
What is the key factor to remember concerning building construction?
Is that there is no resting on our part. We must strive for more knowledge, not only fo terms, but also learning what is built in our area and staying on top of the newest trends.
73
Engineered wood
Generic term for process that takes wood scraps and blends them together with strong adhesive to press into a usable form, in most cases long beam. These beams can carry impressive loads but can fail quickly under fire conditions.
73
Glulam
another member of the family of engineering feats with multiple pieces of wood pressed and held together with a strong glue. Glualm can be constructed into any shape and/or design that a client would like.
