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LT - 25TS > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p273

Two forms of ventilation?(2)

A

Vertical- requires an exhaust opening to be created and opened at or near the highest point of the structure. This facilities movement of smoke and by products up and out of the fire area.

Horizontal- create horizontal openings on each level of the home

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2
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p273
(Test Question)(2)

How can the efficiency of both forms of ventilation be increased?

A

Fans

Hydraulic assistance

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3
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p274

What are the advantages of PPV fans

A

used correctly they can assist in clearing the home quickly of smoke, aiding in searches.

Used incorrectly they create the same effect produced by wind driven fires.

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4
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? Test Question p274

In the experience of the Author, what is the correct use of PPV fans and ventilation exhaust fans?

A

during Salvage and overhaul, not during fire attack.

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5
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p274

Hydraulic ventilation, how does it work?

A

Can be used to assist in smoke removal once the bulk of the fire is knocked down. Uses a Venturi effect drawing air in from behind it pressure from escaping water draws in air and smoke from behind and pushes it forward.

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6
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p275
(Test Question)

What type of stream do you need to preform hydraulic ventilation? (3)

A
  1. Smooth or fog nozzles work equally well, adjust pattern to fit window.
  2. Smooth bore nozzles just crack the nozzle bail slightly back to get a broken stream, or
  3. Use a steam straightener and rotate the line in a clockwise motion.
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7
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p275

How far back from the window should you stand to preform hydraulic ventilation?

A

3-5 feet.

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8
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p275

When venting for search VFS what must you remember?

A

That you are searching without a hoseline, and breaking windows indiscriminately will increase the level of danger. When you do vent for life you have the ability to draw the fire to you.

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9
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p275

Venting for extinguishment VFE

A

venting a window near the fire or opposite the direction of the coming fire attack. This acts as a port for fire, smoke, and steam to pass out of the structure. Not done until hoseline is advancing, ready to hit fire.

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10
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p277

Where are fires in attics best extinguished from?

A

From below with members with hooks and hoses with water are best suited to extinguish the fire via the top floor.

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11
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p277

Why is horizontal ventilation the better choice in the initial stages of the fire operations especially when staff is limited?(3)

A
  1. Its quicker than sending members to the roof,
  2. It can be preformed by one person.
  3. Adds an extra layer of safety, since most of the time horizontal ventilation is preformed from from a ladder, that then becomes a means of egress for companies
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12
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p278

How should horizontal ventilation be preformed?

A

Vent a window = clear the entire window, glass, sash, curtains, and all.

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13
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p279

Why is horizontal vent better for well staffed departments?

A

In most instances its completed faster that vertical vent, it can also be used for search, and it leaves a ladder in place for egress. Overall Horizontal vent via portable ladders makes us more successful overall in the fire operation.

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14
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p279

If vertical vent is called for how should it be done?

A

From a tower ladder if possible
Start with natural openings, skylights, gable vents
Place tower ladder at corner able to reach two sides, boom the roof placed over corner of building , up to Ridgeline.

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15
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p280

FDNY’s safety procedures for working off aerial for vertical vent.

A
  1. Member makes bowline, tied to tower ladder basket.
  2. Clip into bowline loop w/ harness, work one foot on roof , one on bucket…. rope for saw too
    No tower ladder, then place aerial tip as close to the peak of the roof as possible, or valley of the roofline is 2nd choice.
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16
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p280

If preforming vertical vent from the tip of an aerial what are the two preferred placements?

A
  1. Close to the peak

2. Valley of roofline

17
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p280

How can the irons be used for vertical vent?

A
  1. used as footholds, by driving into roof boards.

2. backside of axe will bust through older roof plywood, sharp end sticks, backside requires less energy.

18
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p281

Where should the initial cut be made? why?

A

As close to the Ridgeline as possible…Because:

  1. its as high as possible, to remove smoke etc
  2. most peaked roof residential buildings have center hallway that follow the main direction of the main gable.
19
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p281

What is the most effective type of roof cut and its procedure?

A

Hinge or Louver cut, (best for low pitch roofs):

  1. First cut parallel to ridgeline, 4-5 ft, note rafters
  2. Second cut vertically down from ridgeline cut toward ground, 3ft and between rafters.
  3. Third cut same as 2nd on other side of rafter
  4. Last cut is final horizontal cut to complete louver, overlap all cuts.
20
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p280

PPE for Vertical vent?

A

All of it plus SCBA, wind to back if possible

21
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? Test p281

Depending on the pitch of the roof, what is one of the the most effective styles of roof cuts?

A

The Louver or Hinge cut, best on low pitch roofs

  1. Quickest and easiest method
  2. Limits pulling needed
  3. Prevents debris from falling on FFers
  4. Moves FFers further out (negatives)
  5. Not ideal on spongy roofs
22
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p282

What is the quickest way to vertical vert a flat roof.

A

Take out the skylight that is typically over the stairs.

23
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p282

What should be done prior to taking out the skylight on a flat roof?

A

Notify the inside team via radio, then break only a small portion on the glass before proceeding to break the whole glass to give a warning period.

24
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p282

Once on a roof what should FFers be on the look out for?

A

multiple egress routes

25
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p283

When taking out the skylight but failing to see any results in terms of smoke venting, what could be the cause?

A

The plexiglass draft stop the same depth as the cock loft.

26
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p283

Where should cutting a flat roof happen? If there is no skylight?

A

Over the fire

27
Q

Chapter 23 To the Roof? p283

What should be the goal when positioning the cut for a flat roof?

A

try to make your cut catch the fire room and the hallway or the adjacent room if possible. Make the cut 7-9-8 which is 4x6 foot coffin style cut.

LT - 25TS (25 decks)

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