Chapter 10 Flashcards
98
Well hole
The space formed between the upper and lower railings where they join together at the newel post
98
How big of a well do you need for 1 3/4” line?
Rough rule of thumb, a horizontal gloved fist is large enough
99
How should advancing the hose up a narrow well be completed?
Lead firefighter can take the nozzle by itself in his hands and he goes up the stairs, leaving hose to be pulled up through the space created by the well. This leaves the rest of the hose at the bottom of the steps, it will pay up and out as the nozzle FFer moves from landing to landing. Back up FFer should manage this spot if possible.
99
How should advancing the hose up a large well be completed?
Nozzle FFer can carry the entire lead length and nozzle into the well while transcending the stairs to flake out on either the floor below the fire or outside the fire door.
99
Rope stretch
Make an “improvised well” on the exterior by lowering a rope down, then hauling up line. Often done in stair cases that wrap around elevators in buildings.
99
Jug rope/rope stretch steps
Drop jug (Gallon size) from floor below the fire after removing the window or opening the lower sash.
Nozzle FFer deploys hose to area where rope will be headed down, then goes upstairs to join officer.
Backup FFer attaches nozzle/hose to rope, officer and nozzle FFer hoist up the hose plus an extra 50’ normally (enough to make fire attack).
Back up FFer ensures smooth hoisting of line then heads up if needed.
Before charging ensure line is tied off to stairs with rope hose tool or webbing.
101
How many pounds of pressure does it take to open the bale of a nozzle?
8lbs
102
What makes stairwells so dangerous for both occupants and firefighters?
They act as interior chimneys, providing unimpeded routes for the travel of smoke and fire.
102
At a fire where should the second line be placed?
How much hose do they need, and why?
The second line at a fire in a two story structure should be set at the base of the stairs. It should have enough hose to cover the fire floor as well as the floor above (“as well as all the other floors above the fire floor”)
This is done primarily to address fire extension, they also need to back up the primary attack line if a problem arises.
Back up line should enter the structure from the same exterior opening as the primary line.
102
What is the route that most civilian rescues use?
The main routes of egress, the stairs.
103
What are the two main types of stairs in residential buildings?
Open or Enclosed
Most residential stairs are straight run or return (45 or 90 degrees)
104
What are the components that make the majority of residential stairs?
Wood and occasion light steel
104
Stairs from the basement to the first floor are usually what type?
Enclosed, sometimes the door is required to have a fire rating.
104
What house feature should firefighters mentally note as they pass?
Doors, especially stairwell doors can be vital factor in our operational success.
105
What should FFers do when they encounter the basement stairs doors?
Once located it should be announced with a short message stating status (intact/missing/burned through)
105
Why are open staircases dangerous?
What are a concern with an open tread design?
They allow the free movement of smoke and fire, smoke being the most deadly.
Stability may become an issue under fire conditions.
105
Where should firefighters be careful not to hang out, and why?
The stairs, you effectively block the escape route for FFers having an emergency.
105
International Building Code (IBC) sections 1009.1, requires that buildings with fewer than 50 occupants have stair width of ____.
36” min
106
Staircase design Colonial
Known for grand staircases, that are generally off to one side of the entrance hall, newer colonials have the stairs to the basement located under the staircase going up.(stacked staircases)
106
Another name for Colonial
Center Hall Colonial
106
Cape Cod staircase design
Location similar to colonials, off main entrance. Often basement steps are in an area off the kitchen.
106
Split foyer staircase design
Apparent when opening the front door. Half set of stairs both up and down. Larger square footage structures may have additional stairs in the rear in the vicinity of the kitchen which is normally on the upper floor
107
Split level staircase design
Ranch/colonial combo, multilevel short run staircases, enter off front door to small landing, or with enter to living room and stairs are somewhere in middle of home, short run. Kitchen on Ranch main level.
107
Ranch staircase design
These are usually one level homes, if there are stairs they are to basement/lower level.
