Chapter 7 7.1

Question 1

Cognition - Definition

Answer 1

A range of mental processes relating to the acquiring, storage, manipulation, and retrieval of information - to think

Question 2

Cognitive psychology

Answer 2

The branch of psychology dedicated to studying how people think.

Question 3

Cognitive neuroscience

Answer 3

The study of how the brain enables the mind.

Question 4

Circles

Answer 4

A distinct pattern within a time series of data for a specific variable.

Question 5

Describe

Answer 5

Unveiling the depths of humans behavior

Question 6

Elaborate

Answer 6

Development of an existing idea by incorporating new information to argument the idea.

Question 7

Decide

Answer 7

The cognitive process of choosing between two or more alternatives

Question 8

Plan

Answer 8

The process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired future on some scale.

Question 9

Guide Action

Answer 9

A self-initiated sequence of movements, usually with respect to some goal.

Question 10

Information processing system

Answer 10

Receives information represents the information with symbols, and then manipulates those symbols.

Question 11

Measuring information processing

Answer 11

A measure of the efficiency of cognitive function

Question 12

Mental chronometry - RT

Answer 12

The scientific study of cognitive processing speed.

Question 13

Complexity

Answer 13

How well people perceive things.

Question 14

Expectancy

Answer 14

Emphasizes the connection between effort, rewards, and goals.

Question 15

SR match

Answer 15

Developed from early conceptions of conditioning, a behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement.

Question 16

Speed accuracy trade-off

Answer 16

Faster responses are more often incorrect.

Question 17

Evoked Potential -EEG

Answer 17

An electrical potential recorded from the nervous system of a human or animal following presentation of a stimulus.

Question 18

Neuroimaging - PET - FMRI

Answer 18

The use of various technologies to noninvasively study the structures and functions of the brain.

Question 19

Concepts

Answer 19

Categories of objects, events, or ideas that have common properties.

Question 20

Defined categories of objects, events, and ideas

Answer 20

A set of objects that can be treated as equivalent in some way.

A thing that happens, especially one of importance.

A thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action

Question 21

Natural concept

Answer 21

Mental groupings that are created “naturally” through your experiences

Question 22

Prototype

Answer 22

A member of a natural concept that possesses all or most of its characteristic features.

Question 23

Propositions

Answer 23

A mental representation that expresses a relationship between concepts.

Question 24

Schemas

Answer 24

Generalizations about categories of objects, places, events, and people

Question 25

Scripts

Answer 25

Mental representations of familiar sequences of activity.

Question 26

Mental models

Answer 26

Set of proportions that represent people’s understanding of how things look and work.

Question 27

Images

Answer 27

Mental representations of visual information

Question 28

Analogical representations

Answer 28

Capture some of the actual characteristics of what they represent.

Question 29

Cognitive maps

Answer 29

A mental model that represents familiar parts of the environment.