Chapter 7 7.1 Flashcards
Cognition - Definition
A range of mental processes relating to the acquiring, storage, manipulation, and retrieval of information - to think
Cognitive psychology
The branch of psychology dedicated to studying how people think.
Cognitive neuroscience
The study of how the brain enables the mind.
Circles
A distinct pattern within a time series of data for a specific variable.
Describe
Unveiling the depths of humans behavior
Elaborate
Development of an existing idea by incorporating new information to argument the idea.
Decide
The cognitive process of choosing between two or more alternatives
Plan
The process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired future on some scale.
Guide Action
A self-initiated sequence of movements, usually with respect to some goal.
Information processing system
Receives information represents the information with symbols, and then manipulates those symbols.
Measuring information processing
A measure of the efficiency of cognitive function
Mental chronometry - RT
The scientific study of cognitive processing speed.
Complexity
How well people perceive things.
Expectancy
Emphasizes the connection between effort, rewards, and goals.
SR match
Developed from early conceptions of conditioning, a behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement.
Speed accuracy trade-off
Faster responses are more often incorrect.
Evoked Potential -EEG
An electrical potential recorded from the nervous system of a human or animal following presentation of a stimulus.
Neuroimaging - PET - FMRI
The use of various technologies to noninvasively study the structures and functions of the brain.
Concepts
Categories of objects, events, or ideas that have common properties.
Defined categories of objects, events, and ideas
A set of objects that can be treated as equivalent in some way.
A thing that happens, especially one of importance.
A thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action
Natural concept
Mental groupings that are created “naturally” through your experiences
Prototype
A member of a natural concept that possesses all or most of its characteristic features.
Propositions
A mental representation that expresses a relationship between concepts.
Schemas
Generalizations about categories of objects, places, events, and people
Scripts
Mental representations of familiar sequences of activity.
Mental models
Set of proportions that represent people’s understanding of how things look and work.
Images
Mental representations of visual information
Analogical representations
Capture some of the actual characteristics of what they represent.
Cognitive maps
A mental model that represents familiar parts of the environment.
