Chapter 1 1.1

Question 1

psychology Definition

Answer 1

The science of studying behavior and mental processes

Question 2

positive psychology

Answer 2

A field of research that focuses on people’s positive experiences/ characteristics. Examples: Happiness, optimism, and resilience.

Question 3

cognitive psychology

Answer 3

Focuses on the analysis of mental processes. Examples: decision-making, problem-solving, imagining, and other aspects of human thought.

Question 4

Engineering psychology

Answer 4

Scientists who study/ improve relationships between humans/ computers/ or any other technology we use.
Human Factors: Studying the interactions between human beings and computers

Question 5

biological psychology

Answer 5

Who analyzes the biological factors influencing behavior/ mental processes

Question 6

personality psychology

Answer 6

Psychologists who focus on people’s unique characteristics

Question 7

developmental psychology

Answer 7

Psychologists who understand/ explore how behavior and mental processes change over the course of a lifetime.

Question 8

quantitative psychology

Answer 8

Who develops statistical methods for evaluating and analyzing data from psychological research

Question 9

clinical, counseling, community, and health psychology

Answer 9

Who assesses/ understands/ modifies/ and prevents behavior disorders.
Functions: helps prevent homeless people from poverty/ stressful conditions/ abnormal behavior

Master’: mental health counselor
Ph.D.: Clinical/ mental health counselor

Question 10

school psychology

Answer 10

Test cognitive abilities/ diagnose students’ academic problems/ programs to help students.

Question 11

educational psychology

Answer 11

Study methods by how teachers teach and students learn.

Question 12

social psychology

Answer 12

Study how people influence one another’s behavior and attitudes, especially in groups.

Question 13

I/O psychology

Answer 13

Who examine factors that influence people’s performance in the workplace.

Question 14

other psychologists

Answer 14

Health, sports, forensic, and environmental

Question 15

neuroscience

Answer 15

Helps with questions about cognitive behavior neural development.

Question 16

Wundt (1879) Tichener

Answer 16

Structuralism - method of interpretation and analysis about differences in human cognition behavior culture.

Question 17

consciousness - introspection Wundt

Answer 17

Observes someone’s own mental and emotional processes - awareness of mental activity.

Question 18

Helmholtz & Fechner - Psychophsics

Answer 18

Relationship between stimuli sensations/ perceptions.

Question 19

Gestalt - Wertheimer & Kohler
Phi phenomenon

Answer 19

When two things are happening, you only see one.
Example: two lights going on and off/ you see one light jumping back and forth.

Question 20

Freud - psychoanalysis, unconscious conflicts

Answer 20

Questions if biological factors were behind all behavior/ mental processes. Deep-seed problems people have pushed out of consciousness.

Question 21

William James

Answer 21

Functionalism - allows is to change/ settle into our environment.

Question 22

John B. Watson

Answer 22

Behaviorism - studied both humans and animals and their behavior/ mental processes.

Question 23

Psychology Today

Answer 23

Eclectic - you have to be everything.. whatever we need.