Chapter 6: Operant Conditioning (EXAM 2)

Question 1

Operant Conditioning

Answer 1

Skinner
Associating behavior with consequence, behavior strengthened if reinforced, weakened if punished

Question 2

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 2

Adding a stimuli and strengthening behavior

Question 3

Positive Punishment

Answer 3

Adding a stimuli and weakening behavior (Spanking, more HW)

Question 4

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 4

Taking away a stimulus to strengthen behavior (seatbelt, old music, going out of class)

Question 5

Negative Punishment

Answer 5

Taking away a stimulus and weakening behavior (grounding)

Question 6

Reinforced

Answer 6

STRENGTHENS BEHAVIOR

Question 7

Punished

Answer 7

WEAKENS BEHAVIOR

Question 8

Positive

Answer 8

ADDS STIMULUS

Question 9

Negative

Answer 9

TAKES AWAY STIMULUS

Question 10

Questions:

Answer 10

Are they increasing/decreasing behavior?
Are they adding or taking away stimulus?

Question 11

Primary reinforcer

Answer 11

Reinforcers innately desired, typically fulfilling a biological need
i.e. food

will a baby want this?

Question 12

Secondary reinforcer

Answer 12

Reinforcer that has no inherent desire but becomes desired because they are linked with primary reinforcer
i.e. stickers, money

Question 13

Skinner believed…

Answer 13

Everything we are is a result of operant conditioning

Question 14

Shaping

Answer 14

Reinforcement that guides organisms toward behavior, training organism to do something unnatural by guiding them first to do a task and reinforcing it from there

Question 15

Punishment’s true face

Answer 15

Strong method to change behavior is used correctly

Punished behavior is not forgotten, its suppressed in front of you

will continue if no threat of punishment

hard to change behavior without also using reinforcement, channel them to do something else that is not harmful and reinforce that alternative

Question 16

Physical punishment

Answer 16

Spanking
Not that effective, no long term change, harmful for child and adult

Children:
Negative outcomes, more aggression, poor relationships, justifies violence from stronger people

Adults:
Generational child abuse, mental health issues, increased aggression