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Immunology and Microbiology > Chapter 6 - B cell development (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - B cell development (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

B cells develop in the

A

bone marrow

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2
Q

B cells are activated in the

A

secondary lymph tissues

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3
Q

B cells migrate from

A

bone marrow –> blood –> secondary lymph tissues

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4
Q

Function of B cells

A

Make immunoglobulin

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5
Q

Negative selection of B cells occurs in

A

bone marrow

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6
Q

Positive selection of B cells occurs in

A

Secondary lymphoid tissues

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7
Q

1st identifiable cell of B cell lineage

A

Pro-B cell

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8
Q

Anti-CD34

A

Isolate development of B cells

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9
Q

Rearrangement of heavy-chain genes begins where

A

in pro-b cell

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10
Q

CD molecules

A

Cluster of differentiation
Define developmental stage and properties of cells

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11
Q

Where mu heavy chain is made

A

Large pre-B cell

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12
Q

1st checkpoint

A

Pro B cells
Rearrangement of heavy-chain genes

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13
Q

2nd checkpoint

A

Pre B cells
Rearrangement of light-chain genes

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14
Q

Stroma

A

Supportive cells and connective tissue in any organ

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15
Q

Lymphoid Stromal cells provide

A

contact-mediated signaling
soluble growth factors (IL-7)

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16
Q

Heavy chain rearrangement is inefficient and imprecise in

A

Pro-B cells

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17
Q

Nonproductive rearrangement

A

P and N nucleotide insertion no longer codes for Ig

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18
Q

Productive rearrangement

A

P and N nucleotide insertion codes for Ig

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19
Q

Apoptosis in B cells occurs when

A

V-DJ rearrangement does not occur on either allele

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20
Q

Allelic Exclusion

A

Only one allele for each heavy and light chain
Ensures single antigen specificity
(monoclonal antibody)

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21
Q

Allelic exclusion at heavy chain gene

A

1 heavy chain with one light chain

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22
Q

Without allelic exclusion at heavy chain gene

A

2 different heavy chains and 1 light chain
You will die

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23
Q

Formation of Pre-B cell receptor signals

A

Successful heavy chain rearrangement

24
Q

Surrogate light chain

A

Signals pro B to pre B cell

25
Q

Functions of Pre-B cell receptors

A

Eliminates pro-B without functional mu heavy chain
Prevents Ig from having more than 1 heavy chain

26
Q

Allelic exclusion in pre-b cell receptors

A

Stop RAG genes
degrade RAG proteins
Stabilize Ig gene arrangement

27
Q

After expansion of pre b cells

A

Make ~85 pre b cells with same heavy chain but different light chain

28
Q

Rearrangement of light chains

A

Allelic exclusion
Isotype exclusion (k or l)

29
Q

When complete Ig is at surface

A

Signals to stop light-chain rearrangement and proliferate

30
Q

Pax5

A

binds to B cell promoters; defines B
Required for activation of genes for rearrangement of Ig genes
B cells ONLY

31
Q

Negative selection

A

against B cells that recognize self

32
Q

Non self reactive B cells

A

alternative splicing will make IgD and IgM then B cell leaves bone marrow

33
Q

Mechanisms of B cell tolerance

A

Central tolerance (in BM)
Peripheral tolerance (out BM)

34
Q

In ALL immature B cells, ____ of any antigen to receptor causes ______.

A

binding

apoptosis/inactivation

35
Q

Central tolerance

A

Receptor editing
Anergy

36
Q

Receptor Editing

A

Repeatedly rearrange light chains and test for self-reactivity

37
Q

Self tolerant B cell

A

Leaves BM and goes to secondary lymphoid tissue to mature

38
Q

Clonal deletion

A

selective death of developing lymphocyte

39
Q

Anergy

A

developmental arrest where B cell makes IgM and IgD but IgM is nonfunctional and retained inside cell
Cell enters periphery but dies after 1-5 days

40
Q

Central and peripheral tolerance do not remove

A

B cells reactive to inaccessible self antigens

41
Q

Autoimmune response

A

Self-antigens accessible to binding surface IgM

42
Q

Postive selection

A

Non-self antigen in B cell follicles of secondary lymphoid tissue promotes B cell survival

43
Q

B cells home to lymph node from blood through

A

HEV
high endothelial venule
B cells compete for access to follicles

44
Q

Follicular dendritic cells

A

B cell must interact to mature

45
Q

Mature B cells remain in

A

circulation to survive

46
Q

Naive B cell

A

recirculates through secondary lymphoid tissues until it recognizes antigen

47
Q

Anergic B cell

A

enters lymphoid tissue but excluded from follicles so they die

48
Q

B cell activation/differentiation is triggered by

A

binding of mature B cell surface Ig to antigen from pathogen

49
Q

B cell activation/differentiation leads to

A

B cell proliferation
B cell differentiation
SHM, isotype switching

50
Q

Mature B cells encountering antigen form

A

germinal centers

51
Q

Germinal centers

A

Affinity maturation
Memory B cells

52
Q

Affinity maturation

A

only SHM and isotype switched B cells are selected for high affinity surface Ig and complete differentiation into plasma cells
make high affinity Abs

53
Q

Memory B cells

A

Quiescent, permanent, high affinity and isotype switched Abs as immune response
Easily stimulated

54
Q

B cell tumors arise from

A

a single transformed cell

55
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

In bone marrow
Mutated Ig V gene

Immunology and Microbiology (22 decks)

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