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History > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the second largest continent?

A

Africa

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2
Q

What once connected Africa to Asia?

A

the Isthmus of Suez

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3
Q

What is the world’s largest desert?

A

Sahara

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4
Q

What lies in the northern corner of the African continent that was once the most magnificent empire in the ancient world?

A

Egypt

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5
Q

What was one of the most ancient name for Egypt?

A

Mizraim

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6
Q

What were the ancient Egyptians called?

A

Copts

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7
Q

Why has Egypt been called “the seedbed of African cultures”?

A

because of the cultural diffusion that occurred there

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8
Q

What did the ancient Egyptians once call their country because of its rich, fertile soil that stood out in dark contrast to the surrounding desert?

A

Kemet

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9
Q

What are the small states that Egypt consisted of called?

A

nomes

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10
Q

What were strong rulers of the nomes?

A

pharaohs

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11
Q

What was the region of the Nile Delta called?

A

Lower Egypt

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12
Q

What was the region from the Delta near Memphis to the First Cataract south of Thebes?

A

Upper Egypt

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13
Q

Who was the first pharaoh of all Egypt who united Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt?

A

Menes

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14
Q

What was Egypt known as after Upper and Lower Egypt were united?

A

Kingdom of the Two Lands

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15
Q

When was Egypt the greatest and most magnificent power of the ancient world?

A

at the time of the Exodus of the Hebrews

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16
Q

What is the longest river in the world and one of the few that flows from south to north?

A

Nile River

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17
Q

Who was the Greek “Father of History” who called Egypt the Gift of the Nile?

A

Herodotus

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18
Q

What is a rich alluvial plain of fertile soil at the mouth of the Nile river?

A

Nile Delta

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19
Q

What is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet?

A

delta

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20
Q

What is a highly elaborate system of some 700 characters that is the Egyptian form of picture writing?

A

hieroglyphics

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21
Q

What is the most important Egyptian work that is a book of prayers and incantations that was places in tombs to protect the spirits of the dead?

A

Book of the Dead

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22
Q

What were the two most important capital cities in ancient Egypt?

A

Memphis and Thebes

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23
Q

What means “city of the dead”?

A

necropolis

24
Q

What is a greatly simplified form of hieroglyphics for everyday use by the scribes?

A

hieratic

25
Q

What is a shorthand form of hieroglyphics also used by the scribes?

A

demotic

26
Q

What is a broken slab of black basalt that contained a message carved in three languages and allowed for the translating of hieroglyphics?

A

Rosetta Stone

27
Q

Whose men found the Rosetta Stone in Egypt?

A

Napolean’s

28
Q

What were the three languages that were carved into the Rosetta Stone?

A

Greek, hieroglyphics, and demotic

29
Q

Who was the Frenchman who was able to decipher hieroglyphics?

A

Champollion

30
Q

Who was at the top of the divine pyramid in Egypt?

A

the pharaoh

31
Q

Who were located at the sides of the divine pyramid in Egypt?

A

the priests and the officials of the pharaoh

32
Q

Who were located at the base of the divine pyramid in Egpyt?

A

the other members of the Egytpian society

33
Q

What were the three religious groups that the Egyptians fall under?

A

humanists (because they worshipped pharaoh), naturalists (because they deified nature), and polytheists (because they had thousands of gods and goddesses)

34
Q

What remains one of the wonders of this world that was constructed by an Egyptian pharaoh to “ensure” that he would have confortable afterlife?

A

Great Pyramid of Cheops

35
Q

Who was a teenage pharaoh who died at the age of eighteen and was a minor ruler at a time of great depression in Egypt?

A

Tutankhamen

36
Q

What is the elaborate process of preserving the bodies of the dead?

A

mummification

37
Q

How many dynasties in ancient Egyptian history usually divided into?

A

30

38
Q

What were the three outstanding monarchs of the Old Kingdom?

A

Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure

39
Q

What were the great monuments that were constructed during the Old Kingdom?

A

the three great pyramids at Giza and the Great Sphinx

40
Q

During which kingdom did the Egyptian achieve their greatest accomplishments in art and architecture?

A

the Old Kingdom

41
Q

Who paved the way for the Middle Kingdom and the powerful Twelfth Dynasty who also reunited the two kingdoms?

A

Mentuhotep I

42
Q

What are some biblical events that may have taken place during the Middle Kingdom?

A

Abram and his family traveling through Egypt in search of food, Joseph becoming the prime minister of Egypt, and Jacob and his family moving to Goshen

43
Q

What was the capital of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom?

A

Thebes

44
Q

What was the richest part of the Nile Delta?

A

Goshen

45
Q

Who were “rulers of foreign countries” who ravaged Egypt?

A

Hyksos

46
Q

Who was a Theban prince who founded the New Kingdom and may have been the “new king who knew not Joseph”?

A

Ahmose I

47
Q

What notable accomplishment did Ahmose I achieve during his rule?

A

he drove out the Hyksos and attempted to erase all remembrance of them

48
Q

Who was a female pharaoh who ruled jointly with her nephew?

A

Hatshepsut

49
Q

What was the New Kingdom also called because Egypt reestablished its empire in Asia during this period?

A

Egyptian Empire

50
Q

Who was the pharaoh who extended Egypt’s borders to their farthest extent?

A

Thutmose III

51
Q

Who may have been the pharaoh during the Hebrew exodus who was the son and successor of Thutmose III?

A

Amenhotep II

52
Q

who was the most outstanding monarch who fought the Hitties in Asia and sponsored much building activity?

A

Ramses II

53
Q

What becae the most important city in Alexander the Great’s empire?

A

Alexandria, Egypt

54
Q

What was the Old Testament called once translated in Greek?

A

Sepuagent

55
Q

Who was one of Alexander the Great’s generals who gained control of Egypt?

A

Ptolemy

56
Q

What was the center of Egyptian life and one of the greatest cities of the Arab world during the Middle Ages?

A

Cario

57
Q

What are two famous landmarks found in ancient Alexandria?

A

a great library and the Lighthouse of Alexandria

History (12 decks)

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