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History > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Asia’s three great fertile river valleys?

A

Tigris-Euphrates, Indus, Huang He

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2
Q

What were three very important ancient cultures that settled in Asia’s three great fertile river valleys?

A

Mesopotamia, India, and China

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3
Q

What is the largest of the seven continents?

A

Asia

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4
Q

How much are the earth’s land does Asia contain?

A

1/3

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5
Q

How much of the Earth’s population does Asia contain?

A

more than 1/2

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6
Q

What is the tallest mountain in the world that is located in the Himalayas?

A

Mount Everest

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7
Q

What is the lowest point on earth which descends to around 1365 feet below sea level?

A

Dead Sea

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8
Q

Which countries often call the subcontinent because it is so distinctly separated from the rest of Asia?

A

India

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9
Q

What are the three major land regions of the Indian subcontinent?

A

(1) the Himalayan Mountain system; (2) the Northern Plains; and (3) the Decan Plateau

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10
Q

Which civilization was the first in India that arose around 2000 BC?

A

Indus River Valley Civilization

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11
Q

Who are the hordes of fierce barbarians who invaded India from the northwest?

A

Aryans

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12
Q

Who were the indigenous people of the Indus River Valley who were forced to the southern portion of India by the Aryans?

A

Dravidians

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13
Q

What are the two most distinctive cultural features of India?

A

Hinduism and the caste system

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14
Q

According to Hinduism who is the one absolute impersonal universal spirit?

A

Brahma

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15
Q

What is the evolution of a soul towards spiritual perfection by the transfer of the soul from one being to the next after death?

A

Reincarnation

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16
Q

What is a strict division of social classes called?

A

Caste system

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17
Q

Name the divisions of the Indian caste system in order from highest to lowest.

A

Brahmans, Princess and warriors, land owners and merchants, farmers laborers and servants

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18
Q

Who are the Hindu priests?

A

Brahmans

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19
Q

Could a person born in a particular caste work his way to a higher caste?

A

no

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20
Q

Who is a person who broke the rules of his caste known as?

A

Outcaste or untouchable

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21
Q

Who were the most eager audience of Christian missionaries who came to India?

A

untouchables

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22
Q

Who were an ancient Indian family who drove out the Greeks from India and conquered the entire northern plain?

A

Mauryas

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23
Q

Who was the greatest rules of the Maura Empire who extended his dominion southward until he controlled over two thirds of the Indian subcontinent?

A

Asoka

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24
Q

What is the religion that arose in India around 500 B.C. and closely resembles Hinduism?

A

Buddhism

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25
Q

What does Buddhism teach is a spirtitual state of mind in which the soul is completely oblivious of the self and of the world?

A

nirvana

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25
Q

What was another Indian dynasty that established their rule in Northern indian and inaugurated India’s “golden age”?

A

Guptas

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25
Q

Who was the founder of Buddhism?

A

Saddihartha Guatama

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25
Q

Who was a Muslim warrior who founded the might Mogul Empire?

A

Babar

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26
Q

Which empire ruled India until the 1700s?

A

Mogul Empire

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26
Q

What does Buddhism teach is the casue of all suffering?

A

human desire

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27
Q

What did East Pakistan later become?

A

Bangladesh

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27
Q

What was a atomb for Babar’s favorite wife in India?

A

Taj Mahal

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27
Q

What is the official language of modern Pakistan the is a hybrid of Persian, Arabian, and Hindi?

A

Urdu (Hindustani)

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28
Q

What were some of the greatest mathematical contributions from the Indians?

A

place value, decimal notation, algebra and Arabic numerals

28
Q

What did the Indian mathematicians deveop that means “not any”?

A

zero

28
Q

What type of material did the Arabs obtain from the Indians to use for weapons?

A

Damascene steel

29
Q

What is a cotton matierial with usually checked or figured print?

A

calico

30
Q

What city in India was calico named for?

A

Calicut

30
Q

What is the world’s oldest living civilization?

A

China

30
Q

What are the two great rivers of China?

A

Huang He and Yangtze

31
Q

Which Chinese river is called the “Yellow River’ because of its yellowish-brown color and “China’s Sorrow” because of its disastrous floods?

A

Huang He

32
Q

What did the ancient Chinese call their land because they believed that China stood at the geographic and cultural center of the earth?

A

Chung-Kuo

33
Q

What is one of the world’s oldest living languages which is spoken in two dialects?

A

Chinese

34
Q

What are the two dialects that Chines is spoken in?

A

Mandarin and Cantonese

35
Q

In what region of Cina is Mandarin spoken?

A

north

36
Q

Where was the first known Chinese civilization established?

A

along the Huang He

36
Q

In what region of China is Cantonese spoken?

A

south

37
Q

How many characters does the Chinese language have?

A

50,000

38
Q

What are ruling families?

A

dynasties

39
Q

Which Chinese dynasty became China’s longest ruling dynasty?

A

Chou dynasty

39
Q

Which Chinese dynasty began casting bronze, building horse-drawn chariots, and cultivation silkworms, and most importantly, a system of writing?

A

Shang dynasty

40
Q

Who was another one of China’s two great philosophers who developed the religion of Confucianism and taught the importance of family ties and honor?

A

Confucius

41
Q

Who was one of China’s two great philosophers who developed Taoism?

A

Lao-tse

42
Q

What is the practice of worshipping one’s ancestors and became the dominant influence in China’s culture and life?

A

Confucianism

42
Q

Which Chinese dynasty thrived at the same time as the Roman Empire and marked the height of ancient China’s power and glory?

A

Han dynasty

43
Q

Which Chinese dynasty is from which the name China is derived?

A

Ch’in dynasty

44
Q

What is the world’s longest wall?

A

Great Wall of China

44
Q

Which road was established during the Han dynasty and linked China with the Roman world?

A

Great Silk Road

44
Q

Who was the first emperor of a united China?

A

Shih Huang Ti

45
Q

Who were fierce nomads from the northern steppes of Asia?

A

Mongols

46
Q

Who led the Mongols in the conquest of China?

A

Genghis Khan

47
Q

Which Chinese dynasty was established by the Mongols and Genghis Khan’s successors?

A

Yuan dynasty

48
Q

Who was a traveler who would travel with his father and uncle to China to write about his great discoveries there?

A

Marco Polo

49
Q

What were the two Chinese dynasties that succeeded the Mongols and were forced to sign what they called “the unequal treaties” with the Europeas and Americans?

A

Ming and Ch’ing

49
Q

What was the leader of the Yuan dynasty and the grandson of Genghis Khan?

A

Kublai Khan

50
Q

What are the four main Japanese islands?

A

Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Skikoku

51
Q

What famous mountain is located in Japan?

A

Mt. Fuji

52
Q

What do the Japanese call their mountainous islands; the name means “source of the sun”?

A

Nippon

53
Q

What is the name “Japan” derived from?

A

Cipango

54
Q

Who were the original inhabitants of Japan?

A

Ainu

55
Q

What is Japan’s oldest surviving religion that is nature worship?

A

Shinto

56
Q

What is a group of extended families?

A

clan

57
Q

What was a clan that established a loose rule over the other clans in Japan?

A

Yamato clan

58
Q

Who was the “founder of Japanese civilization”?

A

Prince Shotoku

59
Q

What was Prince Shotoku’s greatest accomplishment?

A

the establishment of a “constitution”

60
Q

What was the period in Japan called in which a central government was formed in which the emperor became the owner of the land?

A

Taika

61
Q

What was the emperor of Japan called?

A

Mikado

62
Q

Who were feudal lords that really controlled public affairs in Japan?

A

shoguns

63
Q

Who were the local landlords of Japan?

A

daimios

64
Q

Who were warriors of knights who served in private armies of the daimios?

A

samurais

65
Q

By what year did the Japanese withdraw into isolation? Why?

A

by the 1630s; because they were afraid that extensive trade with foreigners would result in foreign domination

66
Q

When does recorded Korean history begin?

A

108 B.C.

67
Q

What are the ten countries of Southeast Asia?

A

Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, Myanmar, and Malaysia

History (12 decks)

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