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Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Asia’s three great fertile river valleys?

A

Tigris-Euphrates, Indus, Huang He

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2
Q

What were three very important ancient cultures that settled in Asia’s three great fertile river valleys?

A

Mesopotamia, India, and China

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3
Q

What is the largest of the seven continents?

A

Asia

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4
Q

How much are the earth’s land does Asia contain?

A

1/3

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5
Q

How much of the Earth’s population does Asia contain?

A

more than 1/2

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6
Q

What is the tallest mountain in the world that is located in the Himalayas?

A

Mount Everest

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7
Q

What is the lowest point on earth which descends to around 1365 feet below sea level?

A

Dead Sea

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8
Q

Which countries often call the subcontinent because it is so distinctly separated from the rest of Asia?

A

India

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9
Q

What are the three major land regions of the Indian subcontinent?

A

(1) the Himalayan Mountain system; (2) the Northern Plains; and (3) the Decan Plateau

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10
Q

Which civilization was the first in India that arose around 2000 BC?

A

Indus River Valley Civilization

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11
Q

Who are the hordes of fierce barbarians who invaded India from the northwest?

A

Aryans

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12
Q

Who were the indigenous people of the Indus River Valley who were forced to the southern portion of India by the Aryans?

A

Dravidians

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13
Q

What are the two most distinctive cultural features of India?

A

Hinduism and the caste system

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14
Q

According to Hinduism who is the one absolute impersonal universal spirit?

A

Brahma

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15
Q

What is the evolution of a soul towards spiritual perfection by the transfer of the soul from one being to the next after death?

A

Reincarnation

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16
Q

What is a strict division of social classes called?

A

Caste system

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17
Q

Name the divisions of the Indian caste system in order from highest to lowest.

A

Brahmans, Princess and warriors, land owners and merchants, farmers laborers and servants

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18
Q

Who are the Hindu priests?

A

Brahmans

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19
Q

Could a person born in a particular caste work his way to a higher caste?

A

no

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20
Q

Who is a person who broke the rules of his caste known as?

A

Outcaste or untouchable

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21
Q

Who were the most eager audience of Christian missionaries who came to India?

A

untouchables

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22
Q

Who were an ancient Indian family who drove out the Greeks from India and conquered the entire northern plain?

A

Mauryas

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23
Q

Who was the greatest rules of the Maura Empire who extended his dominion southward until he controlled over two thirds of the Indian subcontinent?

A

Asoka

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24
Q

What is the religion that arose in India around 500 B.C. and closely resembles Hinduism?

A

Buddhism

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25
What does Buddhism teach is a spirtitual state of mind in which the soul is completely oblivious of the self and of the world?
nirvana
25
What was another Indian dynasty that established their rule in Northern indian and inaugurated India's "golden age"?
Guptas
25
Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Saddihartha Guatama
25
Who was a Muslim warrior who founded the might Mogul Empire?
Babar
26
Which empire ruled India until the 1700s?
Mogul Empire
26
What does Buddhism teach is the casue of all suffering?
human desire
27
What did East Pakistan later become?
Bangladesh
27
What was a atomb for Babar's favorite wife in India?
Taj Mahal
27
What is the official language of modern Pakistan the is a hybrid of Persian, Arabian, and Hindi?
Urdu (Hindustani)
28
What were some of the greatest mathematical contributions from the Indians?
place value, decimal notation, algebra and Arabic numerals
28
What did the Indian mathematicians deveop that means "not any"?
zero
28
What type of material did the Arabs obtain from the Indians to use for weapons?
Damascene steel
29
What is a cotton matierial with usually checked or figured print?
calico
30
What city in India was calico named for?
Calicut
30
What is the world's oldest living civilization?
China
30
What are the two great rivers of China?
Huang He and Yangtze
31
Which Chinese river is called the "Yellow River' because of its yellowish-brown color and "China's Sorrow" because of its disastrous floods?
Huang He
32
What did the ancient Chinese call their land because they believed that China stood at the geographic and cultural center of the earth?
Chung-Kuo
33
What is one of the world's oldest living languages which is spoken in two dialects?
Chinese
34
What are the two dialects that Chines is spoken in?
Mandarin and Cantonese
35
In what region of Cina is Mandarin spoken?
north
36
Where was the first known Chinese civilization established?
along the Huang He
36
In what region of China is Cantonese spoken?
south
37
How many characters does the Chinese language have?
50,000
38
What are ruling families?
dynasties
39
Which Chinese dynasty became China's longest ruling dynasty?
Chou dynasty
39
Which Chinese dynasty began casting bronze, building horse-drawn chariots, and cultivation silkworms, and most importantly, a system of writing?
Shang dynasty
40
Who was another one of China's two great philosophers who developed the religion of Confucianism and taught the importance of family ties and honor?
Confucius
41
Who was one of China's two great philosophers who developed Taoism?
Lao-tse
42
What is the practice of worshipping one's ancestors and became the dominant influence in China's culture and life?
Confucianism
42
Which Chinese dynasty thrived at the same time as the Roman Empire and marked the height of ancient China's power and glory?
Han dynasty
43
Which Chinese dynasty is from which the name China is derived?
Ch'in dynasty
44
What is the world's longest wall?
Great Wall of China
44
Which road was established during the Han dynasty and linked China with the Roman world?
Great Silk Road
44
Who was the first emperor of a united China?
Shih Huang Ti
45
Who were fierce nomads from the northern steppes of Asia?
Mongols
46
Who led the Mongols in the conquest of China?
Genghis Khan
47
Which Chinese dynasty was established by the Mongols and Genghis Khan's successors?
Yuan dynasty
48
Who was a traveler who would travel with his father and uncle to China to write about his great discoveries there?
Marco Polo
49
What were the two Chinese dynasties that succeeded the Mongols and were forced to sign what they called "the unequal treaties" with the Europeas and Americans?
Ming and Ch'ing
49
What was the leader of the Yuan dynasty and the grandson of Genghis Khan?
Kublai Khan
50
What are the four main Japanese islands?
Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Skikoku
51
What famous mountain is located in Japan?
Mt. Fuji
52
What do the Japanese call their mountainous islands; the name means "source of the sun"?
Nippon
53
What is the name "Japan" derived from?
Cipango
54
Who were the original inhabitants of Japan?
Ainu
55
What is Japan's oldest surviving religion that is nature worship?
Shinto
56
What is a group of extended families?
clan
57
What was a clan that established a loose rule over the other clans in Japan?
Yamato clan
58
Who was the "founder of Japanese civilization"?
Prince Shotoku
59
What was Prince Shotoku's greatest accomplishment?
the establishment of a "constitution"
60
What was the period in Japan called in which a central government was formed in which the emperor became the owner of the land?
Taika
61
What was the emperor of Japan called?
Mikado
62
Who were feudal lords that really controlled public affairs in Japan?
shoguns
63
Who were the local landlords of Japan?
daimios
64
Who were warriors of knights who served in private armies of the daimios?
samurais
65
By what year did the Japanese withdraw into isolation? Why?
by the 1630s; because they were afraid that extensive trade with foreigners would result in foreign domination
66
When does recorded Korean history begin?
108 B.C.
67
What are the ten countries of Southeast Asia?
Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore, Myanmar, and Malaysia

History (25 decks)

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