Chapter 10

Question 1

What was the city that stood beside the strategic Bosporus and was where the capital of the Roman Empire was moved to?

Answer 1

Byzantium

Question 2

What did Constantine call Byzantium?

Answer 2

“New Rome”

Question 3

When was the Roman Empire permanently divided into Eastern and Western portions?

Answer 3

395

Question 4

What was New Rome later called in honor of Constantine that was the capital of the Eastern Empire?

Answer 4

Constantinople

Question 5

What was the Eastern Roman Empire also called?

Answer 5

Byzantine Empire

Question 6

Who was the first great leader of the Byzantine Empire?

Answer 6

Justinian I

Question 7

Who was Justinian’s gifted general who waged long, successful wars against the barbarian Ostrogoths, Vandals, and Visigoths?

Answer 7

Belisarius

Question 8

What was the most magnificent church building of the early Middle Ages and the greatest achievement of the Byzantine empire?

Answer 8

Cathedral of Hagai Sophia

Question 9

What was the portion of the world in which Christianity was the dominant religion?

Answer 9

Christendom

Question 10

What was Justinian’s greatest personal achievement that was his codification of existing Roman law combined with biblical principles?

Answer 10

Justinian /Code

Question 11

Who was Justinian’s lovely intelligent wife who was easily the most famous and important woman in Byzantine history?

Answer 11

Empress Theodora

Question 12

Who were the barbarians who invaded Italy?

Answer 12

Lombards and Normans

Question 13

Who were the barbarians who invaded the Byzantine Empire from the north?

Answer 13

Avars, Bulgars, and Slavs

Question 14

Who were the barbarians who invaded the empire from the east?

Answer 14

Persians

Question 14

What was a Byzantine invention similar to a flamethrower?

Answer 14

Greek fire

Question 14

What were military provinces that the empire was divided into to provide better defense and more efficient rule in the Roman Empire?

Answer 14

themes

Question 15

Who was the emperor who met the direst of these attacks by defeating the Avars and Persians?

Answer 15

Heraclius

Question 15

What was a new menace to Byzantium that arose in the Arabian Penisula?

Answer 15

Islam

Question 15

Who was the great general responsible for saving Constantine during the second seige?

Answer 15

Leo III

Question 15

What was the practice where many people were praying to icons instead of the God that they represented?

Answer 15

Iconoclastic Controversy

Question 15

What is an abstract, simplified image or picture of Christ, Mary, or one of the saints?

Answer 15

icons

Question 15

Who was the emperor under which the empire further reinforced its borders and gained the province of Armenia?

Answer 15

Basil II

Question 16

Who was the emperor who was a Macedonian by birth who led a restoration of Byzantium’s power?

Answer 16

Basil I

Question 17

Under whose rule was the Byzantine Empire at its greatest height since the days of Justinian the Great?

Answer 17

Basil II

Question 18

Who were vicious warriors who came out of Central Asia during the 11th century and took much of the Middle East from the Arabs?

Answer 18

Seljuk Turks

Question 19

What battle was a major victory for the Seljuk Turks in 1071, allowing them to overrun Asia Minor?

Answer 19

Battle of Manzikert

Question 20

When was the Battle of Manzikert?

Answer 20

1071

Question 21

Who was the emperor who conceived a new plan to save his lands by appealing to the Roman Church?

Answer 21

Alexius Comnenus

Question 22

What were meant to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims and defend an ally of Christendom?

Answer 22

crusades

Question 23

Which of the crusades was where sailors from the growing trade of Venice, Italy led the French crusaders against the Venetian's Chief economic rival, Constantinople?

Answer 23

Fourth Crusade

Question 24

When was the city of Constantinople sacked and divided?

Answer 24

1204

Question 25

What was the new group of Turks who began pouring into Asia Minor during the 14th century?

Answer 25

Ottomans

Question 26

Who was the last Byzantine emperor?

Answer 26

Constantine XI

Question 27

Who led the Turks in the destruction of Constantinople in 1453 after a seven-week seige?

Answer 27

Mohammed II

Question 28

What was the religion that gradually deveopled after the permanent division of the Roman Empire?

Answer 28

Eastern Orthodox Church

Question 29

When did the Eastern and Western Orthodox churches officially split?

Answer 29

1054

Question 30

What was developed by the Eastern Orthodox Church and was a public worship service of superstition, symbolism, and pageantry?

Answer 30

Greek liturgy

Question 31

Who was the prince of Kiev and ruler of early Russian who adopted Eastern Orthodox Christianity as the official religion of Rome?

Answer 31

Vladimir I

Question 32

Who was known as the "Apostle of the Slavs"?

Answer 32

Cyril

Question 33

Who carried Eastern Orthodoxy to the Bulgars, Moravians, and Slavs in the 9th century?

Answer 33

Methodius

Question 34

What was a Slavic script based on the Greek alphabet that became the foundation for the Russian and Slavic alphabet?

Answer 34

Cyrillic alphabet

Question 35

What was the Byzantine church's greatest contribution to civilization?

Answer 35

the preservation of the Greek New Testament

Question 36

What was the basis of Erasmus's 1516 edition of the Greek New Testament of all Protestant translations made of the New Testament during the Reformation including the King James Version of 1611?

Answer 36

Byzantine text

Question 37

What was one of the surviving examples of Byzantine architecture that was the most famous Eastern Orthodox Church?

Answer 37

Hagia Sohpia