Chapter 4 PRP/ 5 Fluid therapy

Question 1

What are released in platelet degranulation

Answer 1

hundreds of growth factors, vWf, cytokines, vasoactive peptides, and extracellular matrix proteins

Question 2

Prp is categorized as

Answer 2

Osteopromotive

Question 3

Intravascular volume % in extracellular fluid

Answer 3

Extracellular 1/3 total body water
i. Plasma/intravascular – 25%
ii. Interstitial – 75%

Question 4

How do colloids interfere with coagulation

Answer 4

Decrease factor VIII and von Willebrand factor.
Impairs platelet function.
Interferes with stability of the fibrin clot – clot more susceptible to fibrinolysis

Question 5

Side effects of hypertonic saline

Answer 5

Osmotic stimulation of pulmonary C-fibers causes vagally mediated hypotension, bradycardia & bronchoconstriction when given too fast.

When given in small veins, phlebitis and hemolysis.

Cardiac depression if given in central line close to the heart due to dehydration of cardiac myocytes.

Question 6

When given > 1ml/kg/min into small veins hypertonic saline causes what

Answer 6

Osmotic stimulation of pulmonary C-fibers vagally mediated hypotension, bradycardia & bronchoconstriction when given too fast. When given in small veins phlebitis and hemolysis.

Question 7

How are pRBCs and whole blood stored?
What is the ideal storage temperature? How long can they be stored for?

Answer 7

Plastic blood bags with satellite transfer for sterility. CPDA-1 for anti-coagulation
2-6 degrees Celsius for up to 35 days

Question 8

Why should blood products be warmed before use

Answer 8

to decrease risk of arrhythmias, changes in CO, and hypothermia