Chapter 101 Larynx

Question 1

What is the dorsal margin of the larynx

Answer 1

The corniculate process (an arytenoid cartilage) forms the dorsal margin of the laryngeal inlet

Question 2

What are functions of the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles

Answer 2

Intrinsic - responsible for laryngeal function

Extrinsic - Constrict caudal pharynx

Question 3

Which muscle primarily constricts the glottis and what is its second function

Answer 3

Ventricularis muscle - also dilates the laryngeal saccule

Question 4

What is the function of the arytenoideus transversus muscle?

Answer 4

Blends with ventricularis helping vocal fold abduction and glottis constriction

Question 5

What are the three major intrinsic muscle of the larynx

Answer 5

Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis, thyroarytenoideus muscle, Arytenoideus transversus muscle

All the arytenoideus muscles except lateralis

Question 6

What are the functions of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis and lateralis, thyroarytenoideus, and arytenoideus transversus muscles

Answer 6

Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis: Abducts arytenoid cartilage to open the glottis
Cricoarytenoideus lateralis: closes the rima glottidis
Thyroarytenoideus muscle: Gives rise to ventricularis and vocalis muscles
Vocalis muscle - Draws arytenoid cartilage downward - relaxing vocal cords
Ventricularis muscle - Constricts glottis* and dilates laryngeal saccule
Arytenoideus transversus - Blends with ventricularis – helping vocal fold abduction and glottis constriction

Question 7

What is the function of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle

Answer 7

Intrinsic laryngeal muscle: Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis: Abducts arytenoid cartilage to open the glottis

Question 8

What are the functions of the arytenoideus transversus muscle

Answer 8

Arytenoideus transversus - Blends with ventricularis – helping vocal fold abduction and glottis constriction

Question 9

Which nerves innervate the larynx

Answer 9

Larynx innervated by cranial and caudal laryngeal nerves which originate from the vagus nerve

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

The cranial laryngeal nerve anastomoses with which nerve

Answer 11

caudal laryngeal nerve

Question 12

The caudal laryngeal nerve is the caudal segment of which nerve

Answer 12

The recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 13

What is the function of the caudal laryngeal nerve

Answer 13

Provides motor to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroideus muscle

Question 14

What is the major blood supply to the larynx

Answer 14

Cranial and caudal thyroid arteries

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Which muscle closes the rima glottidis

Answer 16

Cricoarytenoideus lateralis