Chapter 116 Bladder

Question 1

What is the sympathetic hypogastric nerves function

Answer 1

Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors in the bladder neck and proximal urethra to keep smooth muscle at the vesicourethral junction is in a steady state of contraction during urine storage
Also, stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors n the bladder wall to keep detrusor muscle relaxed

Question 2

Beta-adrenergic receptors role in urine storage

Answer 2

Beta-adrenergic receptors in the bladder wall to keep detrusor muscle relaxed

Question 3

Somatic pudendal nerve’s role in urine storage

Answer 3

External urethral striated muscle contraction, contributing to active urethral resistance during urine storage and is inhibited during reflex urination.
Also involved with voluntary control of micturition

Question 4

How is micturition initiated

Answer 4

Stretch receptors are activated by distention of the detrusor muscle, resulting in parasympathetic pelvic nerve stimulation that initiates reflex detrusor muscle contraction and urination
Activation of stretch receptors also depresses sympathetic outflow and acts on the brainstem to cause relaxation of smooth and striated urethral musculature, allowing urination.

Question 5

Describe voluntary control of micturition - what is controlled and by which nerve?

Answer 5

The detrusor reflex via somatic pudendal nerve innervation

Question 6

Bladder healing time

Answer 6

Bladder mucosal defects healed in 5 days
Full thickness defects regained 100% normal tissue strength in 14-21 days

Question 7

When does collagen synthesis peak in bladder healing

Answer 7

After day 5