chapter 4 lesson 1 Flashcards
Who was the first president, and how was he elected?
George Washington, off of a unanimous election
official advisors for the president
Cabinet
What are all 4 of the Cabinet positions, and what do they do?
- Department of State (deal with other countries)
- Department of Treasury (deal with nation’s money)
- Department of War (deal with military)
- Office of Attorney General (nation’s lawyer)
Who held Department of State under Washington?
Thomas Jefferson
Who held Department of Treasury under Washington?
Alexander Hamilton
Who held Department of War under Washington?
Henry Knox
Who held Office of Attorney General under Washington?
Edmund Randolph
Act that established 13 district courts, 3 courts of appeal, and a Supreme Court
Judiciary Act of 1789
the first Supreme Court Chief Justice
John Jay
What did James Madison propose to help the country deal with its debt?
- Tariff of 1789 that required importers to pay 5% of cargo value
- tax on shippers based on how much ships carried
Who created a financial program based on wanting more off of Madison’s proposed tariff?
Alexander Hamilton
First part of Hamilton’s Financial Program; took states’ debt and combined them into one communal debt.
Funding an assumption
What was the problem with funding an assumption?
States, specifically southern states, had different debts and didn’t want to be responsible for other people’s debts.
What was the solution to funding an assumption?
moving the capitol to DC
Second part of Hamilton’s Financial Plan; this made a government bank to manage debts and payments
Bank of the United States (BUS)
What was the problem with the BUS?
This wasn’t listed in the Constitution and some felt it was unconstitutional.
What was the solution with the BUS?
Necessary and proper clause, which allows for things necessary for the government but not listed in the Constitution.
third part of Hamilton’s Financial Plan; this was a tax on whiskey manufacturers.
Whiskey Tax
What was the problem with the Whiskey Tax?
western farmers used barrels of whiskey to pay since no paper was available.
What was the solution with the Whiskey Tax?
13K troops sent to end Whiskey Rebellion
What did Federalists believe?
They believed in a strong national government in the hands of the wealthy and favoring manufacturing and trade as a basis of wealth and power.
Who was the main leader of the Federalists?
Alexander Hamilton
What did Democratic-Republicans believe?
They believed in agrarianism (owning land = independence), agriculture over trade and commerce, and rights of state over federal government.
Who were the leaders of the Democratic-Republicans?
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
