10-4

Question 1

Why wasn’t Grant a good president?

Answer 1

He had little to no political experience and thought that the president’s only role was to carry out laws.

Question 2

What were the Republicans able to do with the enforcement of Reconstruction during Grant’s first term?

Answer 2

• expand programs to promote commerce and industry
• keep tariffs high
• tighten banking regulations
• increase federal spending on railroads, port facilities, and postal system
• keep the Sin Tax

Question 3

What was the Sin Tax?

Answer 3

tax on alcohol and tobacco that allowed the government to pay off bonds issued during the war

Question 4

What hurt Grant’s second term?

Answer 4

A series of scandals.

Question 5

What happened in the “Indian Ring” scandal?

Answer 5

Grant’s Sec. of War accepted bribes from merchants operating at army posts. He was impeached, but resigned before trial.

Question 6

What happened in the “Whiskey Ring” scandal?

Answer 6

A group of distillers cheated the government out of money by filing false tax reports. One of Grant’s private secretaries knew about this.

Question 7

What caused the Panic of 1873 and what happened?

Answer 7

A series of bad railroad investments forced the banking firm of Jay Cooke and Co. to declare bankruptcy. This produced a wave of fear that led to panic.

Question 8

What happened in the fear wave during the Panic of 1873?

Answer 8

• several smaller banks closed
• stock market plummeted
• thousands of businesses shut down
• tens of thousands left unemployed

Question 9

These were Southern Democrats that won control over areas that Union troops weren’t as active in.

Answer 9

Redeemers

Question 10

How did the Southern Democrats try to regain control?

Answer 10

Intimidating African American and Republican voters with militia groups and election fraud.

Question 11

What happened in the election of 1876?

Answer 11

Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tilden faced off. Tilden was one vote shy of the majority electoral votes needed, which caused Congress to make the decision.

Question 12

How did Congress decide the election of 1876?

Answer 12

They appointed a commission of 15 people to figure out who the 20 disputed votes went to. They ended up awarding Hayes with the victory.

Question 13

What did the Compromise of 1877 by Hayes promise?

Answer 13

• remove federal troops from South
• appoint a Southern to the cabinet
• fund railroads in the South
• help the South industrialize

Question 14

What happened to Reconstruction after the Compromise of 1877?

Answer 14

It ended.

Question 15

This is the action of paying rent for farmed land.

Answer 15

tenant farming

Question 16

This is the action of sharing crops that you grew.

Answer 16

Sharecropping

Question 17

This was collateral used to ensure debts be paid.

Answer 17

Crop liens

Question 18

This is when sharecroppers are trapped on their own land because they couldn’t afford debt or declare bankruptcy.

Answer 18

debt peonage

Question 19

This was a vision of an industrial economy that Southern leaders had after the realization that the South would never return to the old ways.

Answer 19

“New South”