Chapter 31 Flashcards
accessory ducts of the female reproductive system
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
which hormones do the ovaries secrete?
estrogens and progesterone
ligaments that hold the ovaries in place
ovarian ligament
suspensory ligament
broad ligament
2 regions of the ovaries
cortex
medulla
term for an immature egg cell
oocyte
what does the ruptured follicle develop into?
a corpus luteum
constricted region where the tube joins the uterus
isthmus
distal expansion with infundibulum near the ovary
ampulla
how is the oocyte carried through the tubes?
by peristalsis
which cells in the uterine tubes nourish the oocyte and the sperm?
Nonciliated cells
the mesentery that supports the uterine tubes
Mesosalpinx
major regions of the uterus
body
fundus
isthmus
cervix
3 layers of the uterine wall
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
2 layers of the endometrium
stratum functionalis
stratum basalis
layer of the endometrium that does not react to hormones
stratum basalis
what is embedden in the anterior wall of the vagina?
the urethra
Fatty area overlying pubic symphysis
Mons pubis
Diamond-shaped region between the pubic arch and coccyx
Perineum
what does estrogen inhibit the release of?
GnRH
pigmented skin surrounding the nipple
Areola
ligaments that attach the breast to underlying muscle
Suspensory ligaments
what produces breast milk?
glandular alveoli
3 germ layers of the embryo
ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm
germ layer of the embryo with nervous tissue and epidermis
ECTODERM
germ layer of the embryo with muscles skeletal structures
MESODERM
germ layer of the embryo with digestive, respiratory, urogenital systems
ENDODERM
term for the Twinge of pain sometimes felt at ovulation
Mittelschmerz
what hormones does the Corpus luteum produce?
inhibin
progesterone
estrogen
phase when the follicle collapses
luteal phase
function of the corpus letuem
getting the uterus ready for a fertilized egg
layer of the endometrium that is shed during menstration
stratum functionalis
anchors the ovary laterally to the pelvic wall
Suspensory ligament
which part of the ovary contains ovarian follicles?
Cortex
which part of the ovary contains large blood vessels and nerves
Medulla
what cells surround the oocyte in the ovary?
Follicle cells
Granulosa cells
stages of development of the follicles in the ovaries
Primordial follicle Primary follicle Secondary follicle Late secondary follicle Vesicular (Graafian) follicle
ejection of an oocyte from a ripening follicle
Ovulation
ligament that anchors the ovary medially to the uterus
Ovarian ligament
what creates currents to move the oocyte into the uterine tube?
ciliated fibriae
what is usually the site of fertilization?
ampulla
layer of the endometrium that sheds
Stratum functionalis
what do spasms of the spiral arteries lead to?
shedding of stratum functionalis
female version of the penis
Clitoris
what engorges with blood during the female sexual response?
The clitoris, vaginal mucosa, and breasts
Production of female gametes
Oogenesis
what inhibits the release of GnRH in women?
estrogen
the Ovarian cycle
Follicular Phase
Ovulation
Luteal Phase
term for a fertilized egg
zygote
how long are sperm viable?
24-48hrs
how long are the oocytes viable?
12-24hrs
sex determining region on the chromosome
SRY
the two uterine pouches
vesicouterine pouch
rectouterine pouch
another word for the rectouterine pouch
Douglas pouch
what is the mesosalpinx?
the mesentery that supports the uterine tubes
what is produces by the ovaries?
estrogen
progesterone
secondary oocytes
where is GnRH released from?
hypothalamus
hormone that triggers ovulation
LH
hormone that controls the ovarian and uterine cycles
GnRH
when the levels of progesterone and estrogen decrease what occurs?
menstration
which developmental stage results from the fusion of the secondary oocyte and the sperm?
zygote
in the developing fetus by what week are all the body systems present?
week 8
what maintains the corpus luteum after a successful implantation of the zygote?
hCG
without pregnancy what does the corpus albicans degenerate into?
a corpus luteum
the first 8 weeks of pregnancy
embryonic period
phases of the menstrual or uterine cycle
menstrual phase: days 1-5
Proliferate phase: days 6-14
Secretory phase: days 15-28
another term for external genitalia
pudendum
in what days of the ovarian cycle does the ovulation occur
15, midcycle
in what days of the ovarian cycle does the luteal phase occur?
14-26
Where does the ovaries receive their blood supply?
ovarian arteries
fibrous tunic that surrounds the ovaries
tunica albuginea
what is the outer region of the ovary called?
cortex
what is the inner region of the ovary celld
medulla
ligaments that support the uterus
lateral cervical
uterosacral
round ligaments
mesometrium
