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A&P2 > Chapter 26 > Flashcards

Chapter 26 Flashcards

1
Q

3 digestive processes in the stomach

A

physical digestion
mechanical digestion
chemical digestion

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2
Q

what mechanical digestion does the stomach do?

A

churning

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3
Q

how does chemical digestion happen in the stomach?

A
  • HCl denatures functional and structural units of proteins

- Proteins are broken down by pepsin

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4
Q

how does physical digestion happen in the stomach?

A

the low pH denatures proteins

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5
Q

what breaks down starch in the mouth?

A

amylase

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6
Q

what initiates constant mixing

A

intrinsic pacemaker cells

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7
Q

where are all carbs transported?

A

to the liver via the hepatic portal vein

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8
Q

what needs to happen to lipids in order to digest them?

A

emulsification

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9
Q

Fat-soluble vitamins

A

A, D, E, and K

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10
Q

Water-soluble vitamins

A

vitamin C and B vitamins

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11
Q

4 Digestive Processes of the mouth

A

Ingestion
Propulsion
Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion

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12
Q

2 Digestive Processes of the small intestine

A

Chemical Digestion

Physical Digestion

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13
Q

where does primary active transport get energy from?

A

hydrolysis

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14
Q

term for when more that one substance is transported at the same time during active transport

A

cotransport

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15
Q

term for when substances transported in the same direction during active transport

A

Symport

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16
Q

term for when substances transported in opposite directions

A

Antiport

17
Q

what does secondary active transport depend on?

A

the ion gradient created by the primary transport

18
Q

how are vitamins A, D, E, and K absorbed?

A

with fat in the small intestine through lacteals

19
Q

what is the total fluid turnover in he digestive system?

A

9L/day

20
Q

where is 95% of water absorbed

A

in the small intestine

- the rest is absorbed in the large intestine

21
Q

How are vitamin C and B absorbed?

A

by diffusion or by passive or active transporters

22
Q

digestion of what would be effected the most if the liver were severely damaged?

A

lipids

23
Q

how are most nutrients absorbed through the mucosa of the intestinal villa?

A

active transport

24
Q

what splits up triglycerides?

A

lipase

A&P2 (19 decks)

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