Chapter 30 Ecology

Question 0

all members of same species in same area

Answer 0

population

Question 1

study of the interactions between microbes and animals and everything

Answer 1

ecology

Question 2

all different populations in same area

Answer 2

community

Question 3

microbes account for blank percent of biomass

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

close physical relationship between two or more different organisms of two or more different species

Answer 4

symbiosis

Question 5

one member of relationship is harmed and other benefits

Answer 5

parasitism

Question 6

both species benefit relationship

Answer 6

mutualism

Question 7

one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped relationship

Answer 7

commensalism

Question 8

total number of different species present

Answer 8

species richness

Question 9

proportion of each species in an ecosystem

Answer 9

species abundance

Question 10

two gases of major importance to microbes

Answer 10

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Question 11

this defines where strict aerobes/anaerobes reside

Answer 11

dissolved oxygen content

Question 12

blank concentration varies with depth and temperature

Answer 12

oxygen

Question 13

in colder temperatures, there is blank oxygen

Answer 13

less

Question 14

oxygenic phototrophs suspended freely in water including algae and cyanobacteria and live where light is available in upper levels

Answer 14

phytoplankton

Question 15

species of freshwater attached to the bottom or sides of a lake or stream

Answer 15

benthic species

Question 16

middle level of lakes

Answer 16

profundal level

Question 17

land level of lake

Answer 17

littoral level

Question 18

water from the surface to the depth to which light penetrates

Answer 18

photic zone

Question 19

breakdown of blank results in mixing which causes blank

Answer 19

thermocline, blooms

Question 20

there is a transfer of blank between trophic levels

Answer 20

nutrients

Question 21

semi enclosed coastal region where the river meets the sea

Answer 21

estuaries

Question 22

there is a mixing of blank and blank in estuaries

Answer 22

salt water, fresh water

Question 23

estuarine waters are calm and blank

Answer 23

nutrient rich

Question 24

two things that can cause algal blooms in estuaries

Answer 24

dinoflagellates, diatoms

Question 25

compared with most freshwater environments the open ocean is salty, cool, and has blank

Answer 25

low nutrients

Question 26

there is not very much blank in the deep sea

Answer 26

life

Question 27

open ocean is called blank

Answer 27

pelagic

Question 28

photosynthetic microbes fix blank of the world’s carbon and live near the surface of the ocean

Answer 28

half

Question 29

accounts for most of the biomass of marine phototrophs and does about half of the photosynthesis there is

Answer 29

prochlorococcus

Question 30

largest microbial biomass is under the sea and is called

Answer 30

benthic

Question 31

exploring deep sea sediments has led to the discovery of blank

Answer 31

methane hydrates

Question 32

deep sea hot springs support thriving animal communities and are called blank

Answer 32

hydrothermal vents