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Bio 145 > Chapter 22 Deck 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Deck 6 Flashcards

1
Q

__________: measures respiratory volume

  • can be used to assess respiratory health
  • four volumes measured
A

Spirometer

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2
Q

what are the Fallout 4 volumes measured by spirometry?

A
  1. tidal volume
  2. IRV
  3. ERV
  4. RV
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3
Q

what is RV in spirometry?

A

residual volume

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4
Q

_______: amount of air inhaled or exhaled per breath during quiet breathing

A

tidal volume

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5
Q

_________: amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled be on the title volume, measure of compliance

A

inspiratory Reserve volume

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6
Q

__________: amount that can be forcibly exhaled Beyond title volume, measure of elasticity

A

expiratory Reserve volume

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7
Q

_________: amount of air left in the lungs after the most forceful expiration

A

residual volume

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8
Q

what spirometer measurement is a measure of elasticity?

A

expiratory Reserve volume

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9
Q

what’s barometer measurement is a measurement of compliance?

A

inspiratory Reserve volume

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10
Q

what is compliance?

A

ease with which lungs and chest wall expand

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11
Q

compliance is determined by surface tension and __________alphabet chest and lung

A

elasticity

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12
Q

compliance has a ________ relationship to resistance

A

inverse

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13
Q

what are the four capacity is measured by spirometry?

A
  1. IC
  2. FRC
  3. VC
  4. TLC
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14
Q

____________= tidal volume plus inspiratory Reserve volume

A

inspiratory capacity IC

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15
Q

_________. : expiratory Reserve Volume Plus residual volume comma volume left in the lungs after quiet expiration

A

functional residual capacity FRC

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16
Q

________: tidal volume plus inspiratory Reserve volume and expiratory Reserve volume

A

vital capacity

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17
Q

________: sum of all volumes including residual volume comma maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold

A

total lung capacity TLC

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18
Q

__________: pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases, each moves independently down his own partial pressure gradient during gas exchange

A

partial pressure

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19
Q

during gas exchange eats gas moves __________ down as partial pressure gradient

A

independently

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20
Q

total of all pressures is = _________

A

atmospheric pressure

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21
Q

what are major gases contributing to atmospheric pressure?

A

nitrogen, oxygen come CO2, h2O

22
Q

what is the formula for partial pressure of a gas?

A

total pressure × % gas = P total

23
Q

_________: the total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the individual partial measures

A

Dalton’s law

24
Q

partial pressure gradients are analogous to ______________?

A

concentration gradient

25
both types of gas exchange, alveolar gas exchange, and stomach gas exchange both depend on?
pressure gradients
26
what are three reasons why partial pressure in alveoli differs from atmospheric partial pressures?
1. atmospheric air mixes with residual air 2. O2 and CO2 are being exchanged 3. more water vapor is present in alveoli
27
within the alveoli the partial pressure of within the alveoli the partial pressure of_______is lower than in the atmosphere
po2
28
within the alveoli the partial pressure of_______is higher than in the atmosphere
pco2
29
the differences in partial pressure of oxygen and CO2 between the atmosphere and alveoli generally ________________
remain constant
30
in systemic cells the partial pressure of oxygen is __________ and ________ higher than alveoli
oxygen lower then in alveoli CO2 higher
31
under resting normal conditions the partial pressures of oxygen and CO2 in systemic cells generally ____________
remains constant
32
in circulating blood, gas partial pressures are ____________
not constant
33
how to enters blood in __________capillaries in CO2 leaves
pulmonary
34
02 leaves​ blood in __________capillaries, CO2 enters
systemic capillaries
35
_________ law: the concentration of a gas in liquid is proportional to its partial pressure
Henry's law
36
gas molecules can exist in what states?
can exist in gas form or dissolved in liquid
37
the ability of a gas to to dissolve in liquid depends on?
properties of gas and properties of liquid
38
does vaporized and dissolved gases exert _____________
partial pressures
39
which gas is more soluble in water carbon dioxide or oxygen?
carbon dioxide
40
what drives diffusion of gases?
pressure gradients
41
can a gas diffuse down its own partial pressure gradient?
yes
42
in gas mixtures gases diffuse down?
partial pressure gradients
43
what four factors affect the efficiency of gas exchange at respiratory membrane?
1. membrane thickness 2. diffusion coefficient of gas 3. surface area 4. partial pressure differences
44
diseases like emphysema and lung cancer reduce available surface area they are for a day fact the __________________at respiratory membrane
efficiency of gas exchange
45
co2 is ____ times more defusable then O2
20
46
the thicker the membrane the lower the_________
diffusion rate
47
partial pressure of oxygen entering pulmonary capillaries is_____ mmHg
40
48
partial pressure of oxygen in a viola is _______mmHg
104
49
the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood rises until it equals that of the alveoli, as a result to mingling deoxygenated blood from bronchial veins the result is a po2 of ______
95 mmHg
50
pC02 in alveoli is _________ PC02 in pulmonary caps is _______
alveoli = 40 pulmonary caps = 45 continues until blood levels meet alveoli levels
51
levels of pco2 is alveoli change or remain constant?
constant

Bio 145 (24 decks)

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