Chapter 17 Deck 4

Question 1

stimulation of linear growth and epiphysis seal plate, hypertrophy of muscle, release of nutrients from Storage in blood. all of these describe the functions of

Answer 1

growth hormone

Question 2

____________ stimulates growth hormone release

Answer 2

GHRH

Question 3

growth hormone release is influenced by watch five things?

Answer 3

age, time of day, nutrient levels, stress and exercise

Question 4

emotional, physical, and chemical stress including surgery, trauma, exercise, or electroshock therapy __________ growth hormone release

Answer 4

increases growth hormone release

Question 5

GH release is regulated by the level of ________ in the blood. growth hormone levels_________ in due to an increase in amino acid levels and to a__________ in glucose or fatty acid levels

Answer 5

growth hormone release is regulated by the level of neutrophils in the blood. Growth hormone levels increase in response to an increase and amino acid levels and to a decrease in glucose or fatty acid levels.

Question 6

growth hormone targets__________, which release insulin like growth factors

Answer 6

hepatocytes

Question 7

IGFs work _______ with GH

Answer 7

insulin-like growth factors work synergistically with growth hormone, enhancing response

Question 8

which has a longer half-life insulin-like growth factor or growth hormone

Answer 8

insulin-like growth factors have a longer Half-Life than growth hormone

Question 9

hepatocyte also increase glycogenolysis and__________

Answer 9

gluconeogenesis, which results in diabetogenic increases in blood glucose levels

Question 10

______ cells have receptors for growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor or both

Answer 10

all body cells

Question 11

_________ and ______ are particularly responsive to growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors.

Answer 11

bone and muscle

Question 12

growth hormone and Insulin like growth factors cause adipose cells to release ________. cells_________ lipolysis and _______& lipogenesis

Answer 12

growth hormone and Insulin like growth factors cause adipose cells to release nutrients. Sal’s increase lipil Isis and decrease lipogenesis.

Question 13

because of growth hormone and Insulin like growth factors cause adipose cells to release nutrients the eight increase levels of _______ and _____________ in the blood.

Answer 13

growth hormone and Insulin like growth factors increased levels of glycerol and fatty acids in the blood which helps provide molecules necessary for generating ATP for growth.

Question 14

these two hormones cause an increase in cell division, protein synthesis, and cell differentiation.

Answer 14

growth hormone and Insulin like growth factors

Question 15

increased levels of growth hormone or insulin-like growth factor stimulate the hypothalamus to release__________. _______ release also inhibits its own release from pituitary

Answer 15

increased levels of growth hormone or insulin-like growth factor stimulate the hypothalamus to release growth hormone inhibiting hormone. Growth hormone also inhibits its own release from the pituitary.

Question 16

growth hormone releasing hormone and growth hormone are regulated through a system of_________ ________

Answer 16

negative feedback.

Question 17

what disorder is characterized by excessive growth hormone production in adults, enlargement of Bones of face, hands, and feet. Increased release of glucose, internal organs increase in size

Answer 17

acromegaly

results from loss of feedback control of growth hormone

Question 18

what disorder is characterized by inadequate growth hormone production, short stature and low blood sugar. and is due to hypotonic or pituitary problem

Answer 18

pituitary dwarfism, growth hormone deficiency

Question 19

what disorder is characterized by too much growth hormone, excessive growth and increase blood sugar, and warmest internal organs, death at an early age if untreated.

Answer 19

pituitary giantism

Question 20

the thyroid gland sits inferior to the thyroid cartilage of the _________, and anterior to the______

Answer 20

the thyroid gland sits inferior to thyroid cartilage of the larnax, and anterior to the trachea.

Question 21

what gives the thyroid gland its reddish color?

Answer 21

the thyroid gland is richly vascularized giving it its reddish color

Question 22

the thyroid gland is is dissected into left and right lobes connected at the midline by a narrow_______

Answer 22

isthmus

Question 23

_________- cuboidal epithelial cells that surround essential lumen. thyroid gland.

Answer 23

follicular cells

Question 24

the cuboidal epithelial cells that surround a central Lumen, follicular cells, in the thyroid gland produce and release_________ hormone.

Answer 24

thyroid hormone. Follicular cells produce and release thyroid hormone

Question 25

the follicle Lumen of the thyroid gland houses________- a viscous, protein-rich fluid

Answer 25

colloid

Question 26

parafollicular cells around follicular cells make_________, which is a hormone that decreases blood calcium levels

Answer 26

calcitonin

Question 27

___________ is secreted by parafollicular cells. this results in a________ in blood calcium levels

Answer 27

calcitonin results in a decrease in blood calcium levels.

Question 28

enzymes combine iodine with__________ to form T3 and T4 that binds to thyroglobulin for storage in colloid

Answer 28

tyrosine

Question 29

in the thyroid iodine is actively transported into______ cells

Answer 29

follicular cells

Question 30

for secretion, ___________ with attached T3 and T4 are transported into follicular cells by _________

Answer 30

first secretion, thyroglobulin with attached T3 and T4 are transported into follicular cells by endocytosis

Question 31

T3 and T4 are collectively known as __________, or thyroid hormone

Answer 31

thyroxine

Question 32

T3 and T4 are transported into follicular cells by endocytosis __________ enzymes released T3 and T4. T3 and T4 diffuse into the blood.

Answer 32

lysosomal