Chapter 22 Deck 2

Question 1

vocal ligaments are also known as the ?

Answer 1

true vocal cords

Question 2

the vestibular ligaments are also known as the?

Answer 2

false vocal cords vestibular vocal cords

Question 3

the vocal ligaments and opening of the larnyx are collectively known as the?

Answer 3

glottis

Question 4

what brings the vocal cords together narrowing the opening to the glottis for production and sound?

Answer 4

skeletal muscles and arytenoid cartilage

Question 5

d range of voice is determined by?

Answer 5

length and thickness of vocal cords

Question 6

pitch voice or frequency is determined by?

Answer 6

tension on vocal cords

increase tension folds vibrate more higher pitch regulated by skeletal muscles

Question 7

loudness or volume of voice depends on?

Answer 7

force of air passing across vocal cords

Question 8

what are all these structures also necessary for speech?

Answer 8

lips, teeth, tongue, nasal and oral cavities, paranasal sinuses, pharnyx

Question 9

the trachea extends from where to where?

Answer 9

extends from larnyx too main bronchi

Question 10

these pieces of cartilage support anterior and lateral walls of the trachea?

Answer 10

tracheal cartilages

Question 11

tracheal cartilages are what type of cartilage?

Answer 11

hyaline cartilage

Question 12

what muscle on trachea is posterior surface allows for a combination for epiglottis when bulge of food passes , also contrax during coughing

Answer 12

trachealis muscle

Question 13

what is the internal Ridge at inferior end of trachea containing many sensory receptors which initiates the cough reflex

Answer 13

Carina

Question 14

what is the histology of the trachea?

Answer 14

mucus , pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium basement membrane, lamina propria, submucosa

Question 15

in which direction do cilia in the trachea push mucous ?

Answer 15

mucus escalator, Superior early toward pharnyx to be swallowed

Question 16

_________produce mucus that traps debris?

Answer 16

goblet cells

Question 17

what is the bronchial tree?

Answer 17

system of Highly branched air passages

Question 18

where does the bronchial tree originated and end?

Answer 18

originates at Main bronchi

ends small bronchial passageways

Question 19

the trachea splits into left and right?

Answer 19

main bronchi ( primary bronchi)

Question 20

each main bronchus branches into?

Answer 20

lobar bronchi ( secondary bronchi)

Question 21

secondary bronchi lead to? Secondary bronchi lead to?

Answer 21

bronchioles tubes smaller than 1 millimeter

Question 22

the bronchioles lead to?

Answer 22

terminal bronchioles

Question 23

the last part of the conducting zone is the?

Answer 23

terminal bronchioles

Question 24

the first part of the respiratory zone is the?

Answer 24

respiratory bronchioles

Question 25

the respiratory bronchioles are immediately following the?

Answer 25

terminal bronchioles- last part of the conducting Zone

Question 26

main bronchi are supported by incomplete rings of?

Answer 26

hyaline cartilage

Question 27

in the bronchial tree cartilage lessons as?

Answer 27

bronchi divide- bronchioles have no cartilage

Question 28

bronchioles have a proportionally thicker layer of smooth muscle for?

Answer 28

bronchoconstriction bronchodilation

Question 29

the site of gas exchange including respiratory bronchioles, alveolar. , and alveoli is referred to as that?

Answer 29

respiratory zone

Question 30

respiratory bronchioles divide into?

Answer 30

alveolar ducts

Question 31

alveolar ducts lead to?

Answer 31

alveolar sacs, clusters of alveoli

Question 32

alveoli are surrounded by?

Answer 32

pulmonary capillaries

Question 33

in addition to pulmonary capillaries alveoli are surrounded by tissues that contain?

Answer 33

elastic fibers

Question 34

respiratory bronchioles are lined with?

Answer 34

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 35

alveoli and alveolar ducts are lines by?

Answer 35

simple squamous epithelium

Question 36

the thin simple squamous epithelium found in the alveoli and alveolar ducts facilitates?

Answer 36

gas exchange

Question 37

what are the cells of the alveolar wall?

Answer 37

1. alveolar type 1 cells- most abundant
2. alveolar type 2 cells- septal cells- surfactant
3. alveolar macrophage- engulf.microorganisms

Question 38

what are a violar type 1 cells?

Answer 38

simple squamous, 95% of alveolar surface area- facilitate gas exchange

Question 39

what are alveolar type 2 cells?

Answer 39

septal cells, create oily secretion, pulmonary surfactant- prevent collapse of alveolus