Chapter 20 Blood Vessels

Question 1

convey blood from heart to capillaries

Answer 1

arteries

Question 2

microscopic porous blood vessels exchange substances between blood and tissues

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

transport blood from capillaries to Heart

Answer 3

veins

Question 4

what are three tunics of veins and arteries

Answer 4

1) tunica externa
2) tunica media
3) tunica intima

Question 5

space inside of a vessel is called?

Answer 5

lumen

Question 6

enter most layer of vessel wall?

Answer 6

Tunica intima

Question 7

the Tunica intima is composed of?

Answer 7

endothelium of simple squamous epithelium with a sub endothelial layer of areolar connective tissue

Question 8

what is the sub endothelial layer just below Tunica intima?

Answer 8

areolar connective tissue

Question 9

what is the Tunica Media composed of?

Answer 9

circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle with elastic fibers

Question 10

what is Tunica externa composed of?

Answer 10

areolar connective tissue with elastic and collagen fibers

Question 11

intern Automotive layer of vessel wall helps anchor vessel to other structures?

Answer 11

Tunica externa

Question 12

the Tunica externa may have small arteries required to supply very large vessels these are called?

Answer 12

Vasa vasorum

Question 13

arteries and veins serving the same body region that lie next to each other are called?

Answer 13

companion vessels

Question 14

arteries have a thicker _______ ________ and narrower ______ than veins they also have more _______ and _______ in order to spring back in shape

Answer 14

thicker Tunica Media and narrower lumen

also more elastic and collagen fibers

Question 15

________ are more resilient and resistant to changes in blood pressure than _____

Answer 15

arteries are more resistant and resilient than veins

Question 16

_________ have a thicker tunica externa and larger lumen than _______

Answer 16

veins have thicker Tunica externa and larger lumen then arteries

Question 17

the walls of _______ collapse of there is no blood in lumen

Answer 17

veins

Question 18

__________ contain only tunica intima

Answer 18

capillaries

Question 19

capillaries are composed of ___________ and ________ ________

Answer 19

endothelium and basement membrane

Question 20

three sizes of artery from largest to smallest?

Answer 20

1) elastic arteries
2) muscular arteries
3) arterioles

Question 21

three sizes of van from largest to smallest?

Answer 21

1) large vein
2) small to medium-sized vein
3) venule

Question 22

conducting arteries are also known as?

Answer 22

elastic arteries

Question 23

Distributing arteries are also known as?

Answer 23

muscular arteries

Question 24

the aorta pulmonary trunk, common carotid, common iliac arteries are all examples of?

Answer 24

elastic arteries

Question 25

the brachial artery in coronary artery are examples of?

Answer 25

muscular arteries, Distributing arteries

Question 26

most named arteries are what kind of arteries?

Answer 26

muscular / Distributing arteries

Question 27

what are two elastic tissue layers in muscular arteries?

Answer 27

internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina

Question 28

this type of artery allows for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

Answer 28

muscular arteries

Question 29

this kind of artery allows for extensive stretch and recoil?

Answer 29

elastic arteries or conducting arteries

Question 30

how many tunics do larger arterioles have? Smaller Archer arterioles only have?

Answer 30

larger arterioles have 3 tunics smaller arterioles have only been endothelium and single layer of smooth muscle

Question 31

in smaller arterioles smooth muscle is usually somewhat constricted this is called? And is regulated by?

Answer 31

vasomotor tone regulated by vasomotor Center and brain stem

Question 32

the vasomotor tone I'm smaller arterioles regulated by the vasomotor center in the brain stem regulates?

Answer 32

systemic blood pressure and blood flow

Question 33

atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of elastic and muscular arteries which is shown by the presence of?

Answer 33

atheroma or plaque thickening of Tunica intima, narrowing of arterial lumen

Question 34

infection, trauma, hypertension which results in inflammation can be the cause of?

Answer 34

atherosclerosis

Question 35

we are often unaware of plaques until they?

Answer 35

restrict blood flow to a region

Question 36

hypercholesterolemia is? And can cause?

Answer 36

increased cholesterol in the blood can cause people to be prone to disease

Question 37

what are two things that increase vascular injury and overall risk?

Answer 37

smoking and hypertension

Question 38

what is a common treatment to atherosclerosis?

Answer 38

angioplasty to expand narrowed region of artery or coronary bypass surgery

Question 39

what is involved in the process of angioplasty?

Answer 39

a stent is passed through a catheter to the area where the artery is occluded

Question 40

capillaries are small vessels connecting __________ to _________

Answer 40

arterioles to venules

Question 41

the walls of capillaries consist of?

Answer 41

endothelial layer on basement membrane.

Question 42

what are three types of capillaries?

Answer 42

1) continuous 2) fenistrated 3) sinusoid

Question 43

in _______ __________ endothelial cells form a continuous lining, tight junctions connect cells but don't form complete seal.

Answer 43

continuous capillaries

Question 44

___________ ______ are gaps between endothelial cells of capillary wall in continuous capillaries

Answer 44

intercellular clefts

Question 45

__________ capillaries are commonly found in muscle, skin, lungs, central nervous system.

Answer 45

continuous capillaries

Question 46

in _________ capillaries endothelial cells form a continuous lining but cells have pores which allow movement of smaller plasma proteins.

Answer 46

fenestrated capillaries

Question 47

__________ capillaries are commonly found in areas where much fluid transport happens including intestine capillaries absorbing nutrients, kidney capillaries filtering blood.

Answer 47

fenestrated capillaries

Question 48

discontinuous capillaries are also called?

Answer 48

sinusoids

Question 49

_________ capillaries have endothelial cells that form an incomplete lining with large gaps, basement membrane is incomplete or absent, openings allow transport of large substances.

Answer 49

sinusoid capillaries

Question 50

_________ capillaries are found in bone marrow, spleen, and some other endocrine glands

Answer 50

sinusoid capillaries