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Bio 145 > Chapter 20 Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Blood Vessels Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

convey blood from heart to capillaries

A

arteries

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2
Q

microscopic porous blood vessels exchange substances between blood and tissues

A

capillaries

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3
Q

transport blood from capillaries to Heart

A

veins

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4
Q

what are three tunics of veins and arteries

A

1) tunica externa
2) tunica media
3) tunica intima

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5
Q

space inside of a vessel is called?

A

lumen

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6
Q

enter most layer of vessel wall?

A

Tunica intima

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7
Q

the Tunica intima is composed of?

A

endothelium of simple squamous epithelium with a sub endothelial layer of areolar connective tissue

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8
Q

what is the sub endothelial layer just below Tunica intima?

A

areolar connective tissue

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9
Q

what is the Tunica Media composed of?

A

circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle with elastic fibers

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10
Q

what is Tunica externa composed of?

A

areolar connective tissue with elastic and collagen fibers

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11
Q

intern Automotive layer of vessel wall helps anchor vessel to other structures?

A

Tunica externa

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12
Q

the Tunica externa may have small arteries required to supply very large vessels these are called?

A

Vasa vasorum

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13
Q

arteries and veins serving the same body region that lie next to each other are called?

A

companion vessels

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14
Q

arteries have a thicker _______ ________ and narrower ______ than veins they also have more _______ and _______ in order to spring back in shape

A

thicker Tunica Media and narrower lumen

also more elastic and collagen fibers

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15
Q

________ are more resilient and resistant to changes in blood pressure than _____

A

arteries are more resistant and resilient than veins

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16
Q

_________ have a thicker tunica externa and larger lumen than _______

A

veins have thicker Tunica externa and larger lumen then arteries

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17
Q

the walls of _______ collapse of there is no blood in lumen

A

veins

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18
Q

__________ contain only tunica intima

A

capillaries

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19
Q

capillaries are composed of ___________ and ________ ________

A

endothelium and basement membrane

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20
Q

three sizes of artery from largest to smallest?

A

1) elastic arteries
2) muscular arteries
3) arterioles

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21
Q

three sizes of van from largest to smallest?

A

1) large vein
2) small to medium-sized vein
3) venule

22
Q

conducting arteries are also known as?

A

elastic arteries

23
Q

Distributing arteries are also known as?

A

muscular arteries

24
Q

the aorta pulmonary trunk, common carotid, common iliac arteries are all examples of?

A

elastic arteries

25
Q

the brachial artery in coronary artery are examples of?

A

muscular arteries, Distributing arteries

26
Q

most named arteries are what kind of arteries?

A

muscular / Distributing arteries

27
Q

what are two elastic tissue layers in muscular arteries?

A

internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina

28
Q

this type of artery allows for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

A

muscular arteries

29
Q

this kind of artery allows for extensive stretch and recoil?

A

elastic arteries or conducting arteries

30
Q

how many tunics do larger arterioles have? Smaller Archer arterioles only have?

A

larger arterioles have 3 tunics

smaller arterioles have only been endothelium and single layer of smooth muscle

31
Q

in smaller arterioles smooth muscle is usually somewhat constricted this is called? And is regulated by?

A

vasomotor tone regulated by vasomotor Center and brain stem

32
Q

the vasomotor tone I’m smaller arterioles regulated by the vasomotor center in the brain stem regulates?

A

systemic blood pressure and blood flow

33
Q

atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of elastic and muscular arteries which is shown by the presence of?

A

atheroma or plaque

thickening of Tunica intima, narrowing of arterial lumen

34
Q

infection, trauma, hypertension which results in inflammation can be the cause of?

A

atherosclerosis

35
Q

we are often unaware of plaques until they?

A

restrict blood flow to a region

36
Q

hypercholesterolemia is? And can cause?

A

increased cholesterol in the blood can cause people to be prone to disease

37
Q

what are two things that increase vascular injury and overall risk?

A

smoking and hypertension

38
Q

what is a common treatment to atherosclerosis?

A

angioplasty to expand narrowed region of artery or coronary bypass surgery

39
Q

what is involved in the process of angioplasty?

A

a stent is passed through a catheter to the area where the artery is occluded

40
Q

capillaries are small vessels connecting __________ to _________

A

arterioles to venules

41
Q

the walls of capillaries consist of?

A

endothelial layer on basement membrane.

42
Q

what are three types of capillaries?

A

1) continuous
2) fenistrated
3) sinusoid

43
Q

in _______ __________ endothelial cells form a continuous lining, tight junctions connect cells but don’t form complete seal.

A

continuous capillaries

44
Q

___________ ______ are gaps between endothelial cells of capillary wall in continuous capillaries

A

intercellular clefts

45
Q

__________ capillaries are commonly found in muscle, skin, lungs, central nervous system.

A

continuous capillaries

46
Q

in _________ capillaries endothelial cells form a continuous lining but cells have pores which allow movement of smaller plasma proteins.

A

fenestrated capillaries

47
Q

__________ capillaries are commonly found in areas where much fluid transport happens including intestine capillaries absorbing nutrients, kidney capillaries filtering blood.

A

fenestrated capillaries

48
Q

discontinuous capillaries are also called?

A

sinusoids

49
Q

_________ capillaries have endothelial cells that form an incomplete lining with large gaps, basement membrane is incomplete or absent, openings allow transport of large substances.

A

sinusoid capillaries

50
Q

_________ capillaries are found in bone marrow, spleen, and some other endocrine glands

A

sinusoid capillaries

Bio 145 (24 decks)

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