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Bio 145 > Chapter 22 Deck 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Deck 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cage elevation widens the rack cavity during?

A

inspiration

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2
Q

rib cage depression __________ the thoracic cavity in_______

A

narrows

expiration

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3
Q

changes due to activity or relaxation of all breathing muscles occur except which muscle?

A

diaphragm

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4
Q

in the anterior posterior Dimension changes of movement of the__________ according to activity level of all breathing muscles except diaphragm

A

sternum

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5
Q

____________ law: pressure is inversely related to volume

A

Boyles gas law

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6
Q

if the pressure of a gas decreases the volume of the container ___________?

A

increases

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7
Q

the pressure of a gas increases the volume of the container_________

A

decreases

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8
Q

air flows from high to low pressure until pressure is?

A

equal

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9
Q

atmospheric pressure at sea level is?

A

760 mm Hg

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10
Q

1 atm is?

A

760 mm Hg

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11
Q

air is has a _______ pressure as altitude increases

A

lower pressure as altitude increases

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12
Q

the collective volume of alveoli is called?

A

alveolar volume

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13
Q

the pressure in alveoli which fluctuates with breathing is termed?

A

intrapulmonary pressure

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14
Q

intrapulmonary pressure May be _______________________ in relation to atmospheric pressure?

A

higher lower or equal to atmospheric pressure

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15
Q

intrapulmonary pressure is_________ 2 atmospheric pressure at end of inspiration and expiration

A

equal to

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16
Q

pressure in the pleural cavity which fluctuates with breathing is termed?

A

intrapleural pressure

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17
Q

intrapleural pressure is __________ van intrapulmonary pressure between breaths?

A

4 mm Hg lower

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18
Q

between breaths what is intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure?

A

intrapleuralpressure 756

intrapulmonary pressure 760

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19
Q

during inspiration the thoracic volume increases and thoracic pressure _________

A

decreases

air flows in

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20
Q

during ____________: the thoracic volume decreases, the thoracic pressure increases, so air flows out

A

expiration

21
Q

during quiet inspiration diaphragm accounts for _______ volume change comma external intercostals movement accounts for ______volume change

A

diaphragm 2/3

external intercostals 1/3

22
Q

during quiet inspiration what volume changes occur in the intrapleural cavity

A

increase in volume- decease in pressure

23
Q

lungs are pulled by the pleura so long volume increases and intrapulmonary pressure decreases during _________________?

A

quiet inspiration

24
Q

what volume flows in as tidal volume during quiet inspiration?

A

.5 L

25
Q

during quiet expiration interpro pressure is about ___________ lower than atmospheric or intrapulmonary pressure?

A

6 mm Hg

26
Q

the diaphragm and external intercostals relax decreasing thoracic volume during?

A

quiet expiration

27
Q

during quiet expiration pleural cavity volume ___________ so intrapleural pressure __________?

A

pleural cavity volume decreases

intrapleural pressure increases

28
Q

during _______ __________ intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure so air flows ________ until these pressures are equal?

A

quiet expiration

air flows out- until pressure is equalized

29
Q

what volume of air leaves the lungs during quiet expiration?

A

.5 L

30
Q

the mechanics of forced breathing requires_________ of additional ________

A

contraction of additional muscles

causes greater changes in thoracic cavity volume in inter pulmonary pressure

31
Q

________ ________ collection of nuclei in the pons and medulla oblongata, coordinate breathing?

A

respiratory Center

32
Q

nuclei of the respiratory Center can be found in?

A

pons and medulla oblongata

33
Q

what are the chemoreceptors involved in regulating breathing?

A
  1. Central chemoreceptors

2. peripheral chemoreceptors

34
Q

where are the central chemoreceptors located?

A

medulla oblongata

35
Q

what do the central chemoreceptors monitor?

A

pH changes of cerebrospinal fluid

36
Q

pH changes of cerebrospinal fluid monitored by Central chemoreceptors are caused by changes in blood?

A

PCO2 partial pressure of blood CO2 levels

37
Q

cerebrospinal fluid contains ________ _______ which forms carbonic acid when CO2 diffuses into cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Carbonic anhydrase

38
Q

what mixes with CO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid to form carbonic acid?

A

Carbonic anhydrase

39
Q

Central chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata monitor pH of cerebrospinal fluid by monitoring concentrations of what?

A

H+

40
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors are located in?

A

aortic and carotid bodies

41
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated by changes in _____ or respiratory _____ in blood

A

changes in H+ or respiratory gases in blood

42
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to H+ produced independently of ____

A

Co2

43
Q

quiet breathing is maintained by respiratory Center nuclei. ______________ firing during inspiration and inhibited from negative feedback during expiration

A

cyclic spontaneous firing

44
Q

quiet breathing maintained by respiratory Center nuclei. cyclic spontaneous firing ( __________) an inhibition from negative feedback (________)

A

inspiration expiration

45
Q

respiration rate for normal quiet breathing is called?

A

eupnea

46
Q

eupnea is?

A

respiration rate for a normal quiet breathing

47
Q

eupnia or respiration rate for a normal quiet breathing is between _________ breaths per minute

A

12-15

48
Q

quiet breathing is maintained by?

A

respiratory Center nuclei

Bio 145 (24 decks)

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