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Bio 145 > Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the definition of perfusion?

A

delivery of blood per time per gram of tissue. milliliters per minute per gram

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2
Q

sufficient delivery of blood to maintain cells health would be adequate _________

A

perfusion

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3
Q

adequate perfusion requires what?

A

continual pumping of the heart and open, healthy vessels

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4
Q

_______: carry blood away from the heart, most not all, carry oxygenated blood

A

arteries

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5
Q

________: carry blood back to the heart, most not all, carry deoxygenated blood

A

veins

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6
Q

_________: are sites of exchange between blood and Air in the lungs and between blood and body cells.

A

capillaries

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7
Q

what are the Hearts 4 chambers?

A

left and right atrium, left and right ventricle

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8
Q

what are the great vessels of the heart?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, and aorta.

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9
Q

where does blood from the superior and inferior venacava drain into?

A

the right atrium.

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10
Q

the pulmonary trunk transports blood from where to where?

A

from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries

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11
Q

where do the pulmonary veins drain oxygenated blood into?

A

the left atrium

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12
Q

the aorta transports blood from?

A

from the left ventricle

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13
Q

what are alternative names for the right and left atrioventricular valves?

A

right AV valve is also called tricuspid, left AV valve is called bicuspid or mitral valve.

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14
Q

what valves sit at the boundary of The ventricle and arterial trunk?

A

semi-lunar valves

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15
Q

what valves open to allow blood to flow through the heart and close to prevent backflow?

A

semi-lunar valves.

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16
Q

what valve is located between the right ventricle and Pulmonary trunk?

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

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17
Q

what valve is located between the left ventricle and aorta?

A

aortic semilunar valve

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18
Q

what are the two circulations circuits?

A

the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit

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19
Q

blood from the right side of the heart carried to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide and then returned to the left side of the heart?

A

pulmonary circuit

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20
Q

oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart two systematic cells word exchanges gases nutrients and wastes and returns to the right side of the heart?

A

systemic circulation

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21
Q

what is the route of blood flow through the heart?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valves, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, long tissue, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valves, I order, coronary arteries, heart tissue, coronary sinus and cardiac veins

22
Q

the central core of the thoracic cavity and everything in the throat cavity except the lungs is called the?

A

mediastinum

23
Q

what is the location and position of the heart including inferior conical end and flat part at opposite end of the cone?

A

the Apex is the inferior left corner the base is the flat part opposite the conical end

24
Q

within the thoracic cavity the heart is enclosed in the?

A

pericardium

25
Q

what is the three layered Sac around the heart?

A

pericardium

26
Q

the outermost covering of the pericardium attaches to the diaphragm base of aorta pulmonary trunk and anchors the heart and prevents it from overfilling this is called the?

A

fibrous pericardium

27
Q

in between the fibrous and visceral pericardium this layer attaches to the fibrous pericardium?

A

parietal layer of serous pericardium

28
Q

this layer of the pericardium attaches directly to the heart ?

A

visceral layer of serous pericardium

29
Q

what are three external Groove grooves that Mark borders of heart chambers

A

the coronary sulcus, interventricular sulci anterior interventricular sulcus and posterior interventricular sulcus

30
Q

the groove that separates Atria from ventricles extending around circumference of the heart is called?

A

coronary sulcus

31
Q

the salt the sucli that’s separate left from right ventricles are the?

A

anterior interventricular sulcus, and the posterior interventricular sulcus.

32
Q

what are the three layers of the heart wall?

A

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

33
Q

the outermost heart layer made of simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue is the?

A

epicardium

34
Q

the epicardium is made of what kind of tissues?

A

simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue

35
Q

the middle layer of the heart wall which is made of cardiac muscle tissue that contracts to pump the heart

A

myocardium

36
Q

The myocardium consists of what type of tissue?

A

cardiac muscle tissue

37
Q

the endocardium is made of what type of tissue?

A

simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue

38
Q

the internal surface of the heart and external surface of valves made of simple squamous epithelium and areolar ct continuous with the lining of blood vessels is called

A

the endocardium

39
Q

what are two septums inside the heart?

A

the interatrial septum, and the interventricular septum.

40
Q

what separates the left atrium from right atrium?

A

the interatrial septum

41
Q

what separates the left ventricle from the right ventricle?

A

the interventricular septum

42
Q

in the right atrium ridges on the interior wall and within the auricle are called?

A

pectinate muscles

43
Q

what is the oval depression on interatrial septum which occupies the location of the fetal for foramen ovale?

A

fossa ovalis

44
Q

what is the hole that stunted for blood to flow from right to left atrium in fetal life?

A

foramen ovale

45
Q

what are the entrances to the right atrium?

A

entrances from coronary sinus, superior vena cava, inferior venacava.

46
Q

what are the exits to the right atrium?

A

right AV valve

47
Q

irregular muscular ridges on ventricle wall are called?

A

trabeculae carneae

48
Q

cone shaped projection is extending from the internal ventricle wall that anchor chordae tendineae are?

A

papellerie muscles

49
Q

chordae tendineae are?

A

the heartstrings, thin strands of collagen fibers attaching to AV valves.

50
Q

what are the entrances to the left atrium?

A

pulmonary veins.

51
Q

what are the exits of the left ventricle

A

aortic semilunar valve

52
Q

what is the exit of the left atrium

A

left AV valve or mitral valve

Bio 145 (24 decks)

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