Chapter 22

Question 1

The formation of new species in populations that are geographically isolated from one another

Answer 1

Allopatric speciation

Question 2

A fertile individual that has more than two chromosomes such as a result of two different species interbreeding and combining there chromosomes

Answer 2

Allopolyploid

Question 3

An individual that has more than two chromosomes sets that are all derived from a single species

Answer 3

Autopolyploid

Question 4

Definition of a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed and nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups

Answer 4

Biological species concept

Question 5

Definition of a species in terms of ecological niche, the sum of how members of the species interact with nonliving and living parts of their environment

Answer 5

Ecological species concept

Question 6

In evolutionarily biology, a process in which gene flow between two species that can form hybrid offspring weekends barriers to reproduction between species. This process causes a gene pools to become increasingly alike and can cause the two species diffuse into a single species

Answer 6

Fusion

Question 7

Offspring that results from the meeting of individuals from two different species or from two true breeding varieties of the same species

Answer 7

Hybrid

Question 8

A geographic region in which members of different species me and Nate, producing at least some offspring of mixed ancestry

Answer 8

Hybrid zone

Question 9

Evolutionary change above the species level. Examples of this change include the origin of a new group of organisms do a species of speciation events and the impact of mass extinctions on the diversity of life and it’s subsequent recovery

Answer 9

Macro evolution

Question 10

Revolutionary change below the species level; change in the allele frequencies in a population over generations

Answer 10

Micro evolution

Question 11

Definition of a species in terms of measurable anatomical criteria

Answer 11

Morphological species concept

Question 12

Definition of a species has a smallest group of individuals that share a common ancestor, forming one branch on the tree of life

Answer 12

Phylogenetic species concept

Question 13

A chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than to complete chromosome sets. It is a result of an accident of cell division

Answer 13

Polyploidy

Question 14

A reproductive barrier that prevents hybrid zygotes produced by two different species from developing into viable fertile adults

Answer 14

Post zygotic barrier

Question 15

A reproductive barrier that impedes meeting between species or hinders fertilization if interspecific mating is attempted

Answer 15

Prezygotic barrier

Question 16

The fossil record, long periods of a parent stasis, in which a species undergoes little or no morphological change, interrupted by relatively brief period of sudden change

Answer 16

Punctuated equilibria

Question 17

An evolutionarily biology, a process in which natural selection strengthens pre-zygotic barriers to reproduction, thus reducing the chances of hybrid formation. Such a process is likely to occur only if hybrid off spring or less fit than members of the parent species

Answer 17

Reinforcement

Question 18

The existence of biological factors (barriers) that impede members of two species from producing viable, fertile offspring

Answer 18

Reproductive isolation

Question 19

An evolutionary process in which one species splits into two or more species

Answer 19

Speciation

Question 20

A population or group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed and nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not produce viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups

Answer 20

Species

Question 21

An evolutionarily biology, a term referring to a hybrid zone in which hybrids continue to be produced; this causes a hybrid going to be stable in the sense of persisting overtime

Answer 21

Stability

Question 22

The formation of new species in populations that live in the same geographic area

Answer 22

Sympatric speciation