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AP Biology > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

A lifecycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the the gametophyte; characteristic of plants and a one algae

A

Alternation of generations

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2
Q

The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (By budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts) Most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent

A

Asexual reproduction

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3
Q

A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex; not a sex chromosome

A

Autosome

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4
Q
  1. Lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. 2. In popular usage, an individual that is genetically identical to another individual. 3. As a verb, to make one or more genetic right because of an individual or cell. See also gene cloning
A

Clone

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5
Q

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent

A

Diploid cell

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6
Q
  1. The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote. 2. The addition of mineral nutrients to the soil
A

Fertilization

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7
Q

A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. They unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote

A

Gamete

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8
Q

A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence and DNA (Or RNA, in some viruses)

A

Gene

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9
Q

The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation

A

Genetics

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10
Q

A cell containing only one set of chromosomes

A

Haploid cell

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11
Q

The transmission of traits from one generation to the next

A

Heredity

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12
Q

A pair of chromosomes of the same length, Centromere position, and staining pattern that possesses genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One of them is inherited from the organisms father, the other from the mother

A

Homologous chromosomes

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13
Q

See homologous chromosomes

A

Homologs

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14
Q

A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape

A

Karyotype

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15
Q

The generation to generation sequence of stages and the reproductive history of an organism

A

Lifecycle

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16
Q

A specific place along the length of a chromosome where a given gene is located

A

Locus

17
Q

A modified type of cell division and sexually reproducing organisms consisting of two rounds of cell division but only one round of DNA replication. It results in cells with half the number of chromosomes such as the original cell

A

Meiosis

18
Q

The first division of a two stage process of cell division and sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the number of chromosomes sets as the original cell

A

Meiosis one

19
Q

The second division of a two stage process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the number of chromosomes such as the original cell

A

Meiosis two

20
Q

A chromosome created when crossing over combines DNA from two parents into a single chromosome

A

Recombinant chromosome

21
Q

A chromosome responsible for determining the sex of an individual

A

Sex chromosome

22
Q

A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combination of genes inherited from both parents via the gametes

A

Sexual reproduction

23
Q

Any cell in a multicellular organism accept a sperm or egg order precursors

A

Somatic cell

24
Q

The pairing and physical connection of duplicated homologous chromosomes during prophase one of meiosis

A

Synapsis

25
Q

A zipper like structure composed of proteins, which connects to homologous chromosomes tightly along their links during part of prophase one of meiosis

A

Synaptonemal complex

26
Q

Differences between members of the same species

A

Variation

27
Q

The diploid cell produced by the union of haploid gametes during fertilization; a fertilized egg

A

Zygote

AP Biology (23 decks)

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