chapter 16 therapy recall Flashcards

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1
Q

psychotherapy

A

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

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2
Q

biomedical therapy

A

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology.

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3
Q

eclectic approach

A

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

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4
Q

psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and the therapist’s interpretation of them – released previously repressed feelings. Allowing the patient to grain self-insight.

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5
Q

resistance

A

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

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6
Q

interpretation

A

in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

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7
Q

transference

A

in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

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8
Q

psychodynamic therapy

A

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.

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9
Q

insight therapies

A

a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

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10
Q

Client-centered therapy

A

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses technique such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

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11
Q

active listening

A

emphatic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

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12
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

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13
Q

behavior therapy

A

therapy that apples learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

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14
Q

counterconditioning

A

a behavior therapy procedure uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning..

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15
Q

exposure therapies

A

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear or avoid.

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16
Q

systematic desensitization

A

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

17
Q

Virtual reality exposure therapy

A

An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

18
Q

aversive conditioning

A

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

19
Q

token economy

A

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

20
Q

cognitive therapy

A

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

21
Q

Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

A

a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions.

22
Q

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

A

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

23
Q

group therapy

A

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction.

24
Q

family therapy

A

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

25
Q

regression toward the mean

A

the tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average

26
Q

Meta-analysis

A

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

27
Q

Evidence-based practice

A

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

28
Q

therapeutic alliance

A

a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’s problem.

29
Q

psychopharmacology

A

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

30
Q

antipsychotic drugs

A

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe disorder.

31
Q

antianxiety drugs

A

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

32
Q

antidepressant drugs

A

drugs used to treat depression and some anxiety disorders. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters.

33
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

34
Q

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

A

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

35
Q

psychosurgery

A

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

36
Q

lobotomy

A

a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotion or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

37
Q

resilience

A

the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.