chapter 12 emotions stress and health recall Flashcards
emotion
a response of the whole, involving (1) physiological, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.
James-Lange theory
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli.
Cannon-Bard theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.
Two-factor theory
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.
facial feedback effect
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness.
catharsis
emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
Feel-good, do-good phenomenon
people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood.
subjective well-being
Self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.
Adaptation-level phenomenon
our tendency to form judgments (of sounds of light, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience.
relative deprivation
the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself.
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three-alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
tend and befriend
under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend).
psychophysiological illness
literally, “mind-body” illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches.
psychoneuroimmunology
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.
lymphocytes
the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system: B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign.
coronary heart disease
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries.
Type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.
Type B
Friedman and Rosenman’s term of easygoing, relaxed people.
aerobic exercise
sustain exercise that increase heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety.
complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
as yet unproven health care treatments intended to supplement (complement) or serve as alternatives to conventional medicine, and which typically are not widely taught in medical schools, used in hospitals, or reimbursed by insurance companies. When research shows a therapy to safe and effective, it usually then becomes part of accepted medical practice.
