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Medical Terminology > Chap 8 Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chap 8 Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Adnexa uteri

A

Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments

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2
Q

Amnion

A

Intermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus

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3
Q

Bartholin glands

A

Small, mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice;

named for Caspar Bartholin, a Danish anatomist who described them in 1637

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4
Q

Cervix

A

Lower, neck-like portion of the uterus.

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5
Q

Chorion

A

Outermost layer at the two membranes surrounding the embryo

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6
Q

Clitoris:

A

Sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra.

Am vat

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7
Q

Coitus:

A

Sexual intercourse; copulation.

Giao hop

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8
Q

Corpus luteum:

A

Empty ovarian follicle;
secretes progesterone after release of egg cell; means “ yellow body”

The vang

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9
Q

Cul-de-sac

A

Region in lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus.

Tui cung

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10
Q

Embryo

A

Stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks.

Phoi, mam ( thai)

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11
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus.

Niem mac, mang da con

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12
Q

Estrogen :

A

Hormone produced by the ovaries that promotes female secondary sex characteristics

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13
Q

Fallopian tube:

A

One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus;

oviduct;

named for Gabriello Fallopia, an Italian anatomist

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14
Q

Fertilization:

A

Union of sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops.

Su thu tinh

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15
Q

Fetus:

A

Stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks

Bao thai

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16
Q

Fimbriae:

Sing.: Fimbria

A

Finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tube.

Tua o duoi ong dan trung

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17
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH)

A

Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the ovum.

Hormone kich thich nang

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18
Q

Gamete:

A

Male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum.

Te bao sinh san truong thanh

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19
Q

Genitalia:

A

Reproductive organs; also called genitals

Co quan sinh duc ngoai

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20
Q

Gestation:

A

Period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

Subthai nghen

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21
Q

Gonad

A

Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis.

Tuyen sinh duc

Testis: tinh hoang

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22
Q

Gynecology:

A

Study of female reproductive organs, including the breast.

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23
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG):

A

Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone.

Noi tiet to dc tiet ra boi nhau thai.

Placenta: nhau thai
Sustain: giu vung, duy tri

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24
Q

Hymen:

A

Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina.

Mang trinh

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25
Q

Labia

A

Lips of the vagina

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26
Q

Lactiferous ducts:

A

Tubes that carry milk within the breast.

Ong dan sua

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27
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation.

Hormone kich thich the vang thuc day su rung trung

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28
Q

Mammary papilla

A

Nipple of the breast.

Num vu

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29
Q

Menarche:

A

Beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

Su bat dau co kinh

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30
Q

Menopause:

A

Gradual ending of menstruation.

Man kinh

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31
Q

Menstruation:

A

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining.

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32
Q

Myometrium

A

Muscle layer of the uterus.

Lop co tu cung

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33
Q

Neonatology:

A

Branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn ( neonate)

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34
Q

Obstetrics

A

The branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth.

Khoa san

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35
Q

Orifice :

A

An opening

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36
Q

Ovarian follicle:

A

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary.

Nang buong trung

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37
Q

Ovary

A

One of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis;

Almond-shaped;

Produced egg cells and hormones

Buong trung

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38
Q

Ovulation:

A

Release of ovum from the ovary

Su rung trung

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39
Q

Ovum

Pl. : ova

A

Mature egg cell ( female gamete)

Trung

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40
Q

Parturition

A

Act of giving birth

Qt sinh de, su sinh con

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41
Q

Perineum:

A

Area between the anus and the vagina in females.

Vung day chau

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42
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones to stimulate the ovaries; also regulates other endocrine organs.

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43
Q

Placenta

A

Vascular organ attached to uterine wall during pregnancy; allows exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus.

Nhau thai

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44
Q

Pregnancy

A

Condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in female uterus for about 40 weeks

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45
Q

Progesterone:

A

Hormone produced by corpus luteum in ovary and placenta of pregnant women.

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46
Q

Puberty

A

Point in life cycle at which sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced.

Tuoi day thi

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47
Q

Uterine serosa

A

Outermost layer surrounding the uterus.

Thanh mac tu cung

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48
Q

Uterus

A

Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which embryo and fetus develop, and from which Menstruation occurs.

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49
Q

Vagina

A

Muscular, muscosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body

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50
Q

Vulva

A

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris and vaginal oriffice.

Co quan sinh duc ngoai cua phu nu ( am ho)

Clitoris: am vat

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51
Q

Zygote

A

The stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks.

Phoi thai

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52
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion

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53
Q

Bartholin/o

A

Bartholin gland

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54
Q

Cervic/o

A

Cervix, neck

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55
Q

Chori/o

A

Chorion

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56
Q

Chorion/o

A

Chorion

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57
Q

Colp/o

A

Vagina

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58
Q

Culd/o

A

Cul-de-sac

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59
Q

Episi/o

A

Vulva

60
Q

Galact/o

A

Milk

61
Q

Gynec/o

A

Woman, female

62
Q

Hyster/o

A

Uterus, womb

63
Q

Lact/o

A

Milk

64
Q

Mamm/o

A

Breast

65
Q

Mast/o

A

Breast

66
Q

Men/o

A

Menses, menstruation

67
Q

Metr/o

A

Uterus

68
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

69
Q

Myom/o

A

Muscle tumor

70
Q

Nat/i

A

Birth

71
Q

Obstetr/o

A

Midwife

Ba mu, ba do de

72
Q

o/o

A

Egg

73
Q

oophor/o

A

Ovary

74
Q

ov/o

A

Egg

75
Q

ovari/o

A

Ovary

76
Q

ovul/o

A

Egg

77
Q

Perine/o

A

Perineum

78
Q

Phor/o

A

To bear

79
Q

Salping/o

A

Fallopian tube

80
Q

Uter/o

A

Uterus

81
Q

Vagin/o

A

Vagina

82
Q

Vulv/o

A

Vulva

83
Q

-arche

A

Beginning

84
Q

Cyesis

A

Pregnancy

85
Q

-gravida

A

Pregnancy

86
Q

-parous

A

To bear, bring forth

87
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge

88
Q

-salpinx

A

Uterine tube

89
Q

-tocia

A

Labor, birth

90
Q

-version

A

Act of turning

91
Q

dys-

A

Painful

92
Q

Endo-

A

Within

93
Q

In-

A

In

94
Q

Intra-

A

Within

95
Q

Multi-

A

Many

96
Q

Nulli-

A

No, not, none

97
Q

Pre-

A

Before

98
Q

Primi-

A

First

99
Q

Retro-

A

Backward

100
Q

Carcinoma of the cervix

A

Malignant cells within the cervix

101
Q

Cervicitis

A

Inflammation of the cervix

102
Q

Carcinoma of the endometrium

A

Malignant tumor of the uterine lining

103
Q

Endometriosis

A

Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus

Mo thuoc mang trong da con phat trien ra ben ngoai

104
Q

Fibroids

A

Benign tumors of the uterus

Khoi u lanh trong tu cung

105
Q

Carcinoma of the breast

A

Ung thu nguc

106
Q

Fibrocystic disease ( breast)

A

Benh xo nang tuyen vu

107
Q

Ovaries:

  1. Ovarian carcinoma ( cancer)
  2. Ovarian cysts
A
  1. Malignant tumor of the ovary

2. Collections of fluid within a sac in the ovary.
u nang buong trung

108
Q

Fallopian tubes:

Pelvic inflammatory disease
A

Example: salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis.

Viem voi trung, viem buong trung, viem mang trong da con

Leading causes of PID are sexually transmitted diseases.

109
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.

Su bong tach nhau thai

110
Q

Choriocarcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of the placenta

Ung thu nhau thai

111
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Misplaced implantation of egg

Thai ngoai da con

112
Q

-ectasis

A

Stretching, dilation

113
Q

-flexion

A

Flexible

114
Q

-genesis

A

Producing; forming

115
Q

-pareunia

A

Sexual intercourse

116
Q

-plasia

A

Development, formation

117
Q

-ptosis

A

Dropping, sagging

118
Q

-rrhagia

A

Bursting forth (blood)

119
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Suture

120
Q

Stomy

A

New opening

121
Q

-stenosis

A

Tightening

122
Q

-tresia

A

Opening

123
Q

Oxy-

A

Swift, sharp

Nhanh le, dot ngot

124
Q

Pseudo-

A

False

Sai, gia

125
Q

Sexual reproduction:

A
  • This is the union of the nuclei of ovum and sperm cell.
  • Ovum and sperm cells are called gametes.
  • Each gamete contains half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell.
126
Q

Gametes ( ovum and sperm cell)

A
  • Gametes are produced in the gonads

- Female gonads are ovaries; male gonad are testis.

127
Q

Fertilization

A
  • An ovum leaves the ovaries and travels through the fallopian tube.
  • Fertilization takes place if sperm cells are present and unit with the ovum.
  • Fertilized egg implants the divides to form a ball of cell called a zygote ( and later an embryo, and then a fetus)
128
Q

Menstrual cycle:

A

Day 1-5 : Blood cells, endometrial cells, glandular secretions discharge from the body. ( Menstruation)

Day 6-12 : Estrogen aids repair of endometrium. The ovum grows in the follicle.

Day 13-14 : the egg leave the ovary and passes through the fallopian tube. ( Ovulation)

Day 15-28: The corpus luteum secretes progesterone; the uterus lining builds up.

129
Q

Pregnancy

A
  • If fertilization occurs, the egg implants in the uterine endometrium.
  • The placenta forms, attaches to the uterine wall
  • Amnion holds the fetus in amniotic cavity.
  • nutrients, oxygen, and wastes exchange between the fetus and mother.
  • The placenta produces HCG
    - > this is what we are checking for on a pregnancy test.
  • Progesterone maintains placenta development.
  • The uterus expands as the fetus grows.
  • Normal delivery fetal position is cephalic presentation (head first)

Human chorionic gonadotropin- HCG

130
Q

Hormonal interactions:

A

The pituitary secretes:

  - FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone
  - LH: Luteinizing Hormone

The pituitary stops producing FSHand LH :

  - During pregnancy 
  - With oral contraceptives.
131
Q

Down syndrome

A

Trisomy 21

132
Q

Erythroblastosis fetalis

A

Thai tang te bao hong cao

133
Q

Hyaline membrane disease

A

Benh mang trong

suy ho hap o tre moi sinh

134
Q

Meconium aspiration syndrome

A

Hoi chung hit nuoc oi phan su

Bi viem phoi

135
Q

Pyloric stenosis

A

Hep mon vi

136
Q

In vitro fertilization IVF

A

Thu tinh trong ong nghiem

137
Q

Loop electrocautery excision procedure

A

Chua lo tuyen tu cung bang dao dien LEEP

138
Q

Last Menstrual period - LMP

A

Ky kinh cuoi

139
Q

Multip

A

Multipara ; multiparous

Phu nua de tren 2 lan

140
Q

Obstetrics OB

A

San khoa

141
Q

Para 2-0-1-2

A

A woman’s reproductive history:

2 full-term infants, 0 preterm, 1 abortion , and 2 living children

142
Q

Pap test

A

Papanicolaou smear-test

143
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease - PIV

A

Viem co tu cung

144
Q

Premenstrual syndrome -PMS

A

Hoi chung tien kinh nguyet

145
Q

Primip

A

Primipara ; primiparous

Ng de con so

146
Q

Conization

A

Removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix

Thu thuat cat bo phan co tu cung

147
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Needle placement guided by ultrasound images

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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