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Medical Terminology > chap 16 Skin > Flashcards

chap 16 Skin Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Skin:

A

Skin: integumentary system
Weighs 8 to 10 lbs.
Covers 22 sq. ft. in the average adult

integumentary (a) thuoc ve da

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2
Q

Functions of Skin

A
  • Provides protective membrane
  • Skin glands lubricate and cool the skin
  • Receptor for sensations
  • Helps maintain body temperature

lubricate: lam tron, nhon

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3
Q

Functions of Skin (cont’d)

A
  • Produces sweat: sweat glands produce a watery secretion that evaporates and cools
  • Produces sebum: sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion that lubricates the skin and hair
  • Receives sensation: pain, temperature, pressure, and touch
  • Thermoregulates: interprets message from heat center in the brain

evaporates (v): lam bay hoi; sebum: dau nhon, sebaceous glands: tuyen ba nhon; Thermoregulate: dieu chinh nhiet

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4
Q
  • Structure of the Skin
A

Epidermis: outermost, thin cellular membrane

Dermis: next layer; dense fibrous, connective tissue

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis): thick, fat-containing tissue

Epidermis: bieu bi, Dermis: ha bi, hypodermis: lop duoi da

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5
Q

Accessory Organs of the Skin 1

A

Hair: cells filled with the hard protein; keratin (chat sung)

  • Hair follicles: shafts that hold the hair
  • Five million hairs on the body; 100,000 on the head
  • Melanocytes at the root form the color
  • Grows .5 inch (1.3 cm) per month
  • Cutting does not affect growth

Hair follicles: nang long, Melanocytes: the bao bier bi tao hac to.

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6
Q

Accessory Organs of Skin (cont’d) 2

A

Nails: hard keratin plates covering the toes and fingers

Lunula: vat hinh luoi liem

Cuticle: bieu bi

Paronychium: viem da mong ngon tay ngon chan

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7
Q

Accessory Organs of Skin (cont’d) 3

A

Glands: sebaceous and sweat

  • Sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum into the hair follicle to lubricate.
  • Sweat glands secrete into pores to moisten and cool.
  • Both are subject to bacterial growth.

apocrine sweat gland: tuyen mo hoi huy cuc

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8
Q

adipocyte

A

Fat cell

te bao tao mo

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9
Q

albino

A

Person with skin deficient in pigment

nguoi bach tang

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10
Q

apocrine sweat gland

A

One of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas

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11
Q
  • basal layer
A

Deepest region of the epidermis; gives rise to all the epidermal cells

gives rise to: cause, lead to

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12
Q
  • collagen
A

Structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue

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13
Q
  • cuticle
A

Band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate

bieu bi

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14
Q
  • dermis
A

Middle layer of the skin

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15
Q
  • eccrine sweat gland
A

Most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in skin

tuie noi tiet

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16
Q
  • epidermis
A

Outermost layer of the skin

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17
Q

epithelium

A

Layer of skin cells forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body

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18
Q

hair follicle

A

Sac within which each hair grows

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19
Q

integumentary system

A

The skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails

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20
Q

keratin

A

Hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails

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21
Q

lunula

A

Half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail

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22
Q

melanin

A

Skin pigment formed by melanocytes in the epidermis

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23
Q
  • paronychium
A

Soft tissue surrounding the nail border

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24
Q
  • pore
A

Tiny opening on the surface of the skin

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25
Q
  • sebaceous gland
A

Oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles

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26
Q

sebum

A

Oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands

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27
Q

squamous epithelium

A

Flat, scale-like cells composing the epidermis

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28
Q

stratified

A

Arranged in layers

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29
Q

stratum (plural: strata)

A

A layer (of cells)

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30
Q

stratum corneum

A

Outermost layer of the epidermis; consists of flattened, keratinized cells

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31
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

Innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue

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32
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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33
Q

albin/o

A

white

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34
Q

caus/o

A

burn, burning

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35
Q

cauter/o

A

heat, burn

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36
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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37
Q

derm/o

A

skin

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38
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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39
Q

diaphor/o

A

profuse sweating

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40
Q

erythem/o

A

redness

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41
Q

erythemat/o

A

redness

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42
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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43
Q

ichthy/o

A

scaly, dry

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44
Q

kerat/o

A

hard, horny tissue

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45
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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46
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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47
Q

melan/o

A

black

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48
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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49
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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50
Q

phyt/o

A

plant

51
Q

pil/o

A

hair, hair follicle

52
Q

py/o

A

pus

53
Q

rhythid/o

A

wrinkle

54
Q

seb/o

A

sebum

55
Q

squam/o

A

scalelike

56
Q

steat/o

A

fat

57
Q

trich/o

A

hair

58
Q

ungu/o

A

nail

59
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

60
Q

xer/o

A

dry

61
Q

Which combining form refers to white?

chlor/o
jaund/o
melan/o
albin/o

A

D: albin/o, which means white as in albinism.

62
Q

Which combining form refers to the same color as jaund/o?

A. xanth/o
B. chlor/o
C. erythr/o
D. cyan/o

A

A: xanth/o, which means yellow as in xanthoma.

63
Q
  • color
A

slide 31

64
Q
  • CutaneousLesions (cont’d)
A

Review the lesions

slide 33

65
Q

Signs and Symptoms (cont’d)

Ecchymosis:

A

blue-black marks on the skin

66
Q

Petechia:

A

small pinpoint hemorrhage

67
Q
  • Urticaria
A

an acute allergic reaction with red, round wheals on the skin

68
Q

Acne:

A

papular and pustular eruption of skin with increased production of sebum

69
Q

Burns

A

njury to tissue due to heat, chemical, electric shock, lightning, or radiation. Second degree burn (left) and third degree burn (right).

70
Q

Anthrac/o

A

Black (as coal)

71
Q

Chlor/o

A

Green

Chlorophyll

72
Q

Cirrh/o

A

Tawny yellow

Cirrhosis

73
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

Cyanosis

74
Q

Eosin/o

A

Rosy

Eosinophil

75
Q

Jaund/o

A

Yellow

Jaundice

76
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

77
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

Leukoderma: benh bach tang

78
Q

Lute/o

A

Yellow

Corpus luteum

79
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

Melanocyte

80
Q

Poli/o

A

Gray

Poliomyelitis

81
Q

Pustule

A

Pus-filled

mun mu

82
Q

Wheal

A

Smooth, slightly elevated, edema

phong nhe

83
Q

Cyst

A

Fluid or semisolid thick-walled filled sac

nang day

84
Q

Vesicle

A

Clear fluid, blister

mun nuoc, phong rop

85
Q

Crust (scab)

A

Dried serum and cellular debris

vay cung (tren vet thuong sap lanh)

86
Q

Polyp

A

Benign growth extending from muscous membrane surface

khoi u nho

87
Q

Macule

A

Disordered, flat

vet ban da

88
Q

Erosion

A

Wearing away, loss of epidermis

su an mon

89
Q

Nodule

A

Solid, elevated mass, more than 1 cm

cuc u nho, buu nho

90
Q

Fissure

A

Slit, groove

nut, ne

91
Q

Ulcer

A

Open sore on skin or muscous membrane

cho loet

92
Q

Papule

A

Small, solid elevation, pimple or plaque

mun

93
Q

-plakia

A

Plaque

94
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Cellulitis:

A

a diffuse acute infection of the skin

95
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Eczema (atopic dermatitis):

A

inflammation of the skin with erythematous and papulovesicular lesions caused by allergy

96
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Exanthematous viral diseases:

A

a rash due to virus (for example, rubella)

benh phat ban ben noggin do virus

97
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Gangrene:

A

the death of tissue with loss of blood supply

hoai tu

98
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Impetigo:

A

contagious pyoderma caused by staph or strep

choc lo do virus

99
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Psoriasis:

A

chronic recurrent dermatosis with silver gray scales that itch

benh vay nen

100
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Scabies:

A

parasitic (tiny mites) and infectious pruritus

bi ghe
pruritus: ngua

101
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Scleroderma:

A

chronic and progressive disease of the skin with hardening of connective tissue.

benh cung da

102
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE):

A

an inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs

ban do tren co the

103
Q
  • Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Urticaria (hives):

A

an acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

chung may day

104
Q

Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Tinea:

A

Tinea: infection of the skin caused by a fungus
- Tinea corporis : nam hinh vong tren da
- Tinea unguium : nam momg
(A fungal infection of skin or nails, that is, ringworm, athlete’s foot.)

105
Q

Abnormal Conditions (cont’d)

Vitiligo:

A

loss of pigment in areas of the skin

vet bach dang

106
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Callus

A

An increased growth of cells in keratin layer of epidermis due to friction against the skin

chai da
friction: ma sat

107
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Keloid

A

ertrophied, thickened scar after trauma or surgery

seo loi

108
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Keratosis:

A

thickened area of epidermis

chung day sung, u sung

109
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Leukoplakia:

A

white, thickened patches on tongue or cheek

benh bach san

110
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Nevus (pl. nevi):

A

pigmented lesion

not ruoi

111
Q
  • Skin Neoplasms — Benign

Verruca:

A

warts caused by virus

mun coc

112
Q

Skin Neoplasms — Cancerous

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

ung thu bieu mo te bao day

113
Q

Skin Neoplasms — Cancerous

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis

ung thu bieu bi vay

114
Q

Skin Neoplasms — Cancerous

The ABCDs of malignant melanoma

A

Ung thu ac tinh (hac to)

A. Asymmetry (khong doi xung)

B. Border, irregular or circumscribed

C. Color variation

D. Diameter, usually larger than 6mm (duong kinh)

115
Q

Skin Neoplasms — Cancerous

Kaposi sarcoma

A

Malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules

116
Q
  • Laboratory Tests

Bacterial analyses:

A

pus or fluid samples examined to detect microorganisms

117
Q
  • Laboratory Tests

Fungal tests:

A

scrapings for culture and microscopic examination after treatment with KOH

118
Q

Clinical Procedures:

Cryosurgery:

A

destroy tissue with subzero temperatures using liquid nitrogen

119
Q

Clinical Procedures:

Curettage:

A

scrape lesion with sharp curet

scrape: nao, cao
curet: dao phau thuat

120
Q

Clinical Procedures:

Electrodesiccation:

A

destroy tissue by burning with electric spark

electric spark: tia dien

121
Q
  • Clinical Procedures (cont’d):

Mohs surgery:

A

removes thin layers of growth to examine under a microscope (basal and squamous cell)

122
Q
  • Clinical Procedures (cont’d):

Skin biopsy:

A

punch and shave to remove for examination in path lab

123
Q
  • Clinical Procedures (cont’d):

Skin test:

A

test reaction of body to allergen with skin test (scratch or patch tests)

scratch: vet thuong, vet xuoc
patch: mang, mang vun

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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