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Baby Bio > Chap 1 Biology > Flashcards

Chap 1 Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the scientific method?

A

standard process to study the natural world.

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2
Q

How does the scientific method begin?

A

Observation and questions

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3
Q

What are observations?

A

knowledge amassed before the experiment begins

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4
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

potential explantations for the observation which can be supported or falsified by the data

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5
Q

Steps of the Scientific Method

A

Observation, ask a question, consult prior knowledge, hypothesis, make prediction, design experiment, collect/interpret data, draw conclusion, peer review, publish.

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6
Q

What is an experimental design?

A

a careful plan

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7
Q

What is a sample size?

A

Number of subjects in a group

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8
Q

What is the Independent Variable?

A

what is manipulated

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9
Q

What is the Dependent Variable?

A

what is measured

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10
Q

What is the Standardized Variable?

A

held constant for all subjects

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11
Q

What a control?

A

untreated group used for comparison

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12
Q

What is used to interpret data?

A

statistical analysis

test the statistical significance

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13
Q

What are Theories?

A

comprehensive explanations

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14
Q

What are Facts?

A

repeatable observations that everyone agrees on

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15
Q

What is Technology?

A

the practical application of scientific knowledge and provides tools for scientific inquiry

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16
Q

Five questions to ask when evaluating a scientific claim

A
  1. Does it seem logical?
  2. Is the source credible?
  3. Are scientific studies cited?
  4. Are the experiments well designed?
  5. Do data match conclusions?
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17
Q

What is Biology?

A

the scientific study of life

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18
Q

What are cells?

A

the basic unit of life

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19
Q

simple celled organisms are…

more complex organisms are…

A

unicellular

multicellular

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20
Q

What is DNA?

A

the molecule that carries genetic information

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A 
Organization
Energy
Internal Constancy
Reproduction, growth, and development
Evolution
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22
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere

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23
Q

What is an organelle?

A

a membrane-bound structure that has a specific function within a cell

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24
Q

What is tissue?

A

a collection of specialized cells that function in a coordinated fashion

25
Q

What are organs?

A

a structure consisting of tissue organized to carry out specific functions (leaf)

26
Q

What are organ systems?

A

organs connected physically or chemically that function together (aboveground part of tree)

27
Q

What is an organism?

A

a single living individual.

28
Q

What is a population?

A

a group of the same species of organism living in the same place and time

29
Q

What are communities?

A

all populations that occupy the same region

30
Q

What are ecosystems?

A

the living and nonliving components of an area

31
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

the global ecosystem; planet and atmosphere

32
Q

what does organization lead to?

A

Emergent Properties

33
Q

What is Energy needed for?

A 
Keeping Organized
Carrying out chemical rxns
Transporting molecules inside and among cells
Maintaining internal constancy
Reproducing, growing, and developing
34
Q

do all organisms obtain energy?

A

yes

35
Q

What are producers (primary)?

A

extract energy and nutrients from the non living environment (plants)

36
Q

What are consumers?

A

obtain energy and nutrients by eating other organisms (bug)

37
Q

What are decomposers?

A

consumers that obtain nutrients from dead organisms and organic wastes

38
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

the process by which a cell or organism maintains internal constancy

39
Q

How can organisms reproduce?

A

asexually

sexually

40
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

only one parent is involved, and the offspring is genetically identical to the parent.

41
Q

Where is asexual reproduction a successful strategy?

A

unchanging environments

42
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

two parents are involved, and the offspring are genetically different from the parents.

43
Q

Where is sexual reproduction a successful strategy?

A

changing environments

44
Q

What is evolution?

A

the genetic change over time in a population

45
Q

What do scientists use to name and classify organisms?

A

taxonomy

46
Q

How many levels of taxonomic hierarchy?

A

8

47
Q

List levels of taxonomic hierarchy?

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
48
Q

List the Domains

A

Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukarya

49
Q

List the Kingdoms under Domain Eukarya

A

Animals
Fungi
Plants
Protista

50
Q

Characteristics of bacteria and archaea

A

prokaryotic and unicellular

51
Q

What are prokaryotes?

A

cells lack nuclei and other compartments

52
Q

Characteristics of Protista

A

Uni or multicellular

autotrophs or heterotrophs

53
Q

Characteristics of Animalia

A

multicellular

heterotrophs

54
Q

Characteristics of Fungi

A

most multicellular

heterotrophs

55
Q

Characteristics of Plantae

A

multicellular

autotrophs

56
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

consumers

57
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

producers

58
Q

How is Domain Eukarya different from the other two?

A

they have larger more complex cells with nuclei

Baby Bio (21 decks)

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