ch9.1- diversity of life

Question 1

porifera body symmetry

Answer 1

asymetrical

Question 2

porifera tissue organization

Answer 2

no true tissue

Question 3

porifera circulatory system

Answer 3

none
diffusion

Question 4

porifera nervous system

Answer 4

none

Question 5

porifera respiratory system

Answer 5

none
diffusion

Question 6

porifera digestive system

Answer 6

intracellular digestion via amoebocytes

Question 7

porifera general characteristeristics

Answer 7

Sessile (non-motile),
suspension feeders, aquatic habitats, earliest
animals, reproduce asexually (budding) or sexually
(hermaphrodites - has male and female sex
organs).

Question 8

cnidaria examples

Answer 8

hydra, jellyfish, sea anemone, coral.

Question 9

cnidaria body symmetry

Answer 9

Radial (around central axis).

Question 10

cnidaria tissue organization

Answer 10

Diploblasts (two cellular
layers: endo- and ectoderm).

Question 11

cnidaria circulatory system

Answer 11

none (diffusion)

Question 12

cnidaria nervous system

Answer 12

Nerve net (neurons spread
apart), no brain.

Question 13

cnidaria respiratory system

Answer 13

none- diffusion

Question 14

cnidaria digestive system

Answer 14

Gastrovascular cavity (one
opening, two way digestion, acts as hydrostatic
skeleton to aid movement).

Question 15

cnidaria general characteristics

Answer 15

Aquatic habitats, some
have cnidocytes (cells shooting poisonous barbs),
some have life cycles with a polyp stage
(non-motile, majority reproduce asexually but
some sexually).

Question 16

platyhelminthes examples

Answer 16

E.g., flatworms, trematoda, flukes, tapeworm,
planaria.

Question 17

platyhelminthes body symmetry

Answer 17

Bilateral (right and left halves,
axis at sagittal plane) with cephalization
(concentration of nervous and sensory organs in
the head; associated with bilateral symmetry).

Question 18

platyhelminthes tissue organization

Answer 18

Triploblasts (three germ
layers).

Question 19

platyhelminthes circulatory system

Answer 19

none- diffusion

Question 20

platyhelminthes nervous system

Answer 20

Two nerve cords (dense nerve
bundle running along length of invertebrates),
anterior centralized ganglia (brain), some
planarians have eyespots.

Question 21

platyhelminthes respiratory system

Answer 21

none- diffusion

Question 22

platyhelminthes digestive ssytem

Answer 22

Gastrovascular cavity (except
tapeworms - absorb food).

Question 23

platyhelminthes embryonic development

Answer 23

Protostome
(blastopore forms mouth).

Question 24

platyhelminthes general characteristics

Answer 24

characteristics: Reproduce sexually
(hermaphrodites) or asexually (regeneration),
mainly aquatic habitats, parasitic lifestyles, most
primitive of triploblasts, has organs.

Question 25

nematoda examples

Answer 25

roundworm, hookworm, trichinella, C.
elegans, ascaris.

Question 26

nematoda body symmetry

Answer 26

bilateral

Question 27

nematoda tissue organization

Answer 27

triploblasts

Question 28

nematoda circulatory system

Answer 28

none- diffusion

Question 29

nematoda nervous system

Answer 29

nerve chord and ring that surrounds esophagus

Question 30

nematoda respiratory system

Answer 30

none- diffusion

Question 31

nematoda digestive system

Answer 31

Alimentary canal (passage
between mouth and anus).

Question 32

nematoda embryonic develpoment

Answer 32

protostome

Question 33

nematoda general characteristics

Answer 33

Some have cuticle
(prevents degradation by host digestive system),
longitudinal muscles (no circular muscles),
parasitic, not segmented. Primarily reproduce
sexually, but some reproduce asexually through
parthenogenesis.

Question 34

rotifera body symmetry

Answer 34

bilateral

Question 35

rotifera tissue organization

Answer 35

triploblasts

Question 36

rotifera circulatory system

Answer 36

none- diffusion

Question 37

rotifera nervous system

Answer 37

Cerebral ganglia (brain) with
nerves extending through the body.

Question 38

rotifera respiratory system

Answer 38

none- diffusion

Question 39

rotifera digestive system

Answer 39

Alimentary canal, mouth and
anus.

Question 40

rotifera embryonic development

Answer 40

protostome

Question 41

rotifera general characteristics

Answer 41

Not truly segmented,
can reproduce sexually or parthenogenetically,
mostly freshwater environments. Draw food and
water into mouth by beating cilia.