CH.6 FITNESS ASSESSMENT PT.2 Flashcards
ABILITY OF THE NS AND MUSCULATURE SYSTEM TO COMMUNICATE PROPERLY PRODUCING OPTIMAL MOVEMENT
NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY
PROPER POSTURAL ALIGNMENT ALLOWS OPTIMAL NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY WHICH HELPS PRODUCE WHAT ?
EFFECTIVE AND SAFE MOVEMENT
WHAT HELPS KEEP MUSCLES AT PROPER LENGTH, ALLOWS MUSCLES TO PROPERLY WORK TOGETHER, ENSURES PROPER JOINT MOTION, MAXIMIZES FORCE PRODUCTION AND REDUCES RISK OF INJURY ?
PROPER POSTURE
HELPS BODY PRODUCE HIGH LEVELS OF FUNCTIONAL STRENGTH
PROPER POSTURE
HOW AN INDIVIDUAL PHYSICALLY PRESENTS IN STANCE; CONSIDERED BASE FROM WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL MOVES
STATIC POSTURE
BASIS FOR IDENTIFYING MUSCLE IMBALANCES
STATIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT
T OR F: STATIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFY WHETHER PROBLEM IS STRUCTURAL IN NATURE OR WHETHER IT IS DERIVED FROM DEVELOPMENT OF POOR MUSCULAR RECRUITMENT PATTERNS
TRUE
3 POSTURAL DISTORTION PATTERNS TO BE ASSESSED DURING A STATIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT
- PRONATION DISTORTION SYNDROME
- LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME
- UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME
POSTURAL DISTORTION SYNDROME CHARACTERIZED BY FOOT PRONATION (FLAT FEET) AND ADDUCTED AND INTERNALLY ROTATED KNEES (KNOCK KNEES)
PRONATION DISTORTION SYNDROME (KNEES CAVED IN; BAMBI)
POSTURAL DISTORTION SYNDROME CHARACTERIZED BY AN ANTERIOR TILT TO PELVIS (ARCHED LOWER BACK)
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME (BOOTY POPPED UP)
POSTURAL DISTORTION SYNDROME CHARACTERIZED BY A FORWARD HEAD AND ROUNDED SHOULDERS
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME (ROUND BACK, HEAD TILTED FORWARD)
PRONATION DISTORTION - SHORT MUSCLES
GASTROCNEMIUS SOLEUS PERONEALS ADDUCTORS ILIOTIBIAL HEAD HIP FLEXOR COMPLEX BICEP FEMORIS (SHORT HEAD)
PRONATION DISTORTION - LENGTHENED MUSCLES
ANTERIOR TIBIALIS PSTERIOR TIBIALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS GLUTEUS MEDIUS/ MAXIMUS HIP EXTERNAL ROTATORS
PRONATION DISTORTION - INCREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
KNEE ADDUCTION
KNEE INTERNAL ROTATION
FOOT PRONATION
FOOT EXTERNAL ROTATION
PRONATION DISTORTION - DECREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
ANKLE DORSIFLEXION
ANKLE INVERSION
PRONATION DISTORTION - POSSIBLE INJURIES
PLANTAR FASCIITIS
POSTERIOR TIBIALIS TENDONITIS (SHIN SPLINTS)
PATELLAR TENDONITIS
LOW BACK PAIN
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME - SHORT MUSCLES
GATROCNEMIUS SOLEUS HIP FLEXOR COMPLEX ADDUCTORS LATISSIMUS DORSI ERECTOR SPINE
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME - LENGTHENED MUSCLES
ANTERIOR TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TIBIALIS GLUTEUS MAXIMUS GLUTEUS MEDIUS TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS INTERNAL OBLIQUE
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME - INCREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
LUMBAR EXTENSION
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME - DECREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
HIP EXTENSION
LOWER CROSSED SYNDROME - POSSIBLE INJURIES
HAMSTRING COMPLEX STRAIN
ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN
LOW BACK PAIN
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME - SHORT MUSCLES
UPPER TRAPPEZIUS LEVATOR SCAPULAE STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID SCALENES LATISSIMUS DORSI TERES MAJOR SUBSCAPULARIS PECTORALIS MAJOR/ MINOR
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME - LENGTHENED MUSCLES
DEEP CERVICAL FLEXORS SERRATUS ANTERIOR RHOMBOIDS MID TRAPEZIUS LOWER TRAPEZIUS TERES MINOR INFRASPINATUS
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME - INCREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
CERVICAL EXTENSION
SCAPULAR PROTRACTION/ ELEVATION
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME - DECREASED ALTERED JOINT MECHANICS
SHOULDER EXTENSION
SHOULDER EXTERNAL ROTATION
UPPER CROSSED SYNDROME - POSSIBLE INJURIES
HEADACHES
BICEPS TENDONITIS
ROTATOR CUFF IMPINGEMENT
THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME
IN GENERAL, DURING STATIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT ONE SHOULD BE CHECKING FOR WHAT ?
NEUTRAL ALIGNMENT, SYMMETRY, BALANCED MUSCLE TONE AND SPECIFIC POSTURAL DEFORMITIES
POSTURAL ASSESSMENTS REQUIRE OBSERVATION OF WHAT ?
KINETIC CHAIN (HUMAN MOVEMENT SYSTEM)
5 KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINTS
- FOOT AND ANKLE
- KNEE
- LUMBO PELVIC HIP COMPLEX (LPHC)
- SHOULDERS
- HEAD AND CERVICAL SPINE
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - ANTERIOR VIEW FOOT/ ANKLES
STRAIGHT/ PARALLEL, NOT FLAT OR EXTERNALLY ROTATED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - ANTERIOR VIEW KNEES
IN LINE WITH TOES, NOT ADDUCTED OR ABDUCTED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - ANTERIOR VIEW LPHC
PELVIS LEVEL WITH BOTH ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SINES IN SAME TRANSVERSE PLANE
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - ANTERIOR VIEW SHOULDERS
LEVEL, NOT ELEVATED OR ROUNDED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - ANTERIOR VIEW HEAD
NEUTRAL POSITION, NOT TILTED NOR ROTATED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - LATERAL VIEW FOOT/ANKLES
NEUTRAL POSITION, LEG VERTICAL AT RIGHT ANGLE TO SOLE OF FOOT
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - LATERAL VIEW KNEES
NEUTRAL POSITION, NOT FLEXED NOR HYPEREXTENDED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - LATERAL VIEW LPHC
PELVIS NEUTRAL POSITION, NOT ANTERIORLY (LUMBAR EXTENSION) OR POSTERIORLY (LUMBAR FLEXION) ROTATED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - LATERAL VIEW SHOULDERS
NORMAL KYPHOTIC CURVE, NOT EXCESSIVELY ROUNDED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - LATERAL VIEW HEAD
NEUTRAL POSITION, NOT IN EXCESSIVE EXTENSION (“JUTTING” FORWARD)
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - POSTERIOR VIEW FOOT/ ANKLE
HEELS ARE STRAIGHT AND PARALLEF, NOT OVERLY PRONATED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - POSTERIOR VIEW KNEES
NEUTRAL POSITION, NOT ADDUCTED OR ABDUCTED
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - POSTERIOR VIEW LPHC
PELVIS IS LEVEL WITH BOTH POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINES IN SAME TRANSVERSE PLANE
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - POSTERIOR VIEW SHOULDERS/ SCAPULAE
LEVEL, NOT ELEVATED OR PROTRACTED (MEDIAL BORDERS ESSENTIALLY PARALLEL AND APPROXIMATELY 3-4 INCHES APART)
KINETIC CHAIN CHECKPOINT - POSTERIOR VIEW HEAD
NEUTRAL POSITION, NEITHER TILTED NOR ROTATED
LOOKING AT MOVEMENTS; QUICKEST WAY TO GAIN OVERALL IMPRESSION OF CLIENTS FUNCTIONAL STATUS
DYNAMIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENT
MOVEMENT OBSERVATIONS SHOULD RELATED TO BASIC FUNCTIONS SUCH AS WHAT ?
SQUATTING, PUSHING, PULLING AND BALANCING
DESIGNED TO ASSESS DYNAMIC FLEXIBILITY, CORE STRENGTH, BALANCE, AND OVERALL NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL; REFLEX LOWER EXTREMITY MOVEMENT PATTERNS DURING JUMP LANDING TASKS
OVERHEAD SQUAT ASSESSMENT
KNEE VALGUS (KNOCK KNEES) DURING OVERHEAD SQUAT TEST IS INFLUENCED BY WHAT ?
DECREASED HIP ABDUCTOR AND HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION STRENGTH, INCREASED HIP ADDUCTOR ACTIVITY, AND RESTRICTED ANKLE DORSIFLEXION
PROCEDURE FOR OVERHEAD SQUAT ASSESSMENT
CLIENT STANDS FEET SHOULDER WIDTH APART, FOOT ANKLE COMPLEX NEUTRAL, ARMS RAISED OVERHEAD, UPPER ARMS SHOULD BISECT TORSO
OVERHEAD SQUAT MOVEMENT
CLIENT SQUATS TO HEIGHT OF CHAIR, REPEATS 5X
OVERHEAD SQUAT VIEW OF FEET, ANKLES, KNEES FROM FRONT
FEET REMAIN STRAIGHT WITH KNEES IN LINE WITH FEET
OVERHEAD SQUAT VIEW OF LPHC, SHOULDER AND CERVICAL COMPLEX FROM SIDE
TIBIA IN LINE WITH TORSO AS WELL AS ARMS
OVERHEAD SQUAT COMPENSATIONS - ANTERIOR VIEW FEET AND KNEES
FEET: FLAT OR TURN OUT ?
KNEES: MOVE INWARD (ADDUCT AND INTERNALLY ROTATE) ?
OVERHEAD SQUAT COMPENSATIONS - LATERAL VIEW LPHC AND SHOULDER COMPLEX
LPHC: LOW BACK ARCH? EXCESSIVE TORSO LEAN FORWARD ?
SHOULDER: ARMS FALL FORWARD ?
TRANSITIONAL MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT THAT ALSO ASSESS DYNAMIC FLEXIBILITY, CORE STRENGTH, OVERALL NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL
SINGLE LEG SQUAT ASSESSMENT
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW LPHC
COMPENSATION: EXCESSIVE FORWARD LEAN PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
SOLEUS
GASTROCNEMIUS
HIP FLEXOR COMPLEX
ABDOMINAL COMPLEX
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW LPHC
COMPENSATION: EXCESSIVE FORWARD LEAN PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
ANTERIOR TIBIALIS
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
ERECTOR SPINE
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACK ARCHES
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
HIP FLEXOR
ERECTOR SPINE
LATISSIMUS DORSI
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACK ARCHES
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
HAMSTRING COMPLEX
INTRINSIC CORE STABILIZERS (TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS, MULTIFIDUS, TRANSVERSOSPINALIS, INTERNAL OBLIQUE PELVIC FLOOR)
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW UPPER BODY
COMPENSATION: ARMS FALL FORWARD
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
LATISSIMUS DORSI
TERES MAJOR
PECTORALIS MAJOR/ MINOR
OVERHEAD SQUAT LATERAL VIEW UPPER BODY
COMPENSATION: ARMS FALL FORWARD
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
MID/ LOWER TRAPEZIUS
RHOMBOIDS
ROTATOR CUFF
OVERHEAD SQUAT ANTERIOR VIEW FEET
COMPENSATION: TURN OUT
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
SOLEUS
LATERAL GASTROCNEMIUS
BICEPS FEMORIS (SHORT HEAD)
OVERHEAD SQUAT ANTERIOR VIEW FEET
COMPENSATION: TURN OUT
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
MEDIAL GASTROCNEMIUS MEDIAL HAMSTRING COMPLEX GRACILIS SARTORIUS POPLITEUS
OVERHEAD SQUAT ANTERIOR VIEW KNEES
COMPENSATION: MOVE INWARD
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
ADDUCTOR COMPLEX
BICEPS FEMORIS (SHORT HEAD)
TFL
VASTUS LATERALIS
OVERHEAD SQUAT ANTERIOR VIEW KNEES
COMPENSATION: MOVE INWARD
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
GLUTEUS MEDIUS/ MAXIMUS
VASTUS MEDIALIS OBLIQUE (VMO)
SINGLE LEG SQUAT PROCEDURE
STAND WITH HANDS ON HIPS, FOCUSED ON OBJECT STRAIGHT AHEAD, FOOT STRAIGHT, AND FOOT ANKLE KNEE AND LPPHC COMPLEX IN NEUTRAL
SINGLE LEG SQUAT MOVEMENT
SQUAT TO COMFORTABLE LEVEL, PERFORM 5X BEFORE SWITCHING SIDES
SINGLE LEG SQUAT VIEW OF FEET FROM FRONT
KNEE IN TRACK WITH FOOT (2ND AND 3RD TOES)
SINGLE LEG SQUAT KNEE COMPENSATION
DOES KNEE MOVE INWARD (ADDUCT AND INTERNALLY ROTATE) ?
SINGLE LEG SQUAT KNEE VIEW
COMPENSATION: MOVE INWARD
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
ADDUCTOR COMPLEX
BICEPS FEMORIS (SHORT HEAD)
TFL
VASTUS LATERALIS
SINGLE LEG SQUAT KNEE VIEW
COMPENSATION: MOVE INWARD
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
GLUTEUS MEDIUS/ MAXIMUS
VASTUS MEDIALIS OBLIQUE (VMO)
PUSHING ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE/ POSITION
STAND WITH ABDOMEN DRAWN INWARD, FEET SPLIT STANCE AND POINTED FORWARD
PUSHING ASSESSMENT MOVEMENT
VIEW FROM SIDE, CLIENT PRESS HANDLES FORWARD, 20 REPS, LUMBAR AND CERVICAL SPINE SHOULD REMAIN NEUTRAL AND SHOULDERS STAY LEVEL
PUSHING ASSESSMENT COMPENSATION LOW BACK, SHOULDERS, HEAD
LOW BACK: ARCH ?
SHOULDERS: ELEVATE ?
HEAD: MIGRATE FORWARD ?
PUSHING ASSESSMENT LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACH ARCHES
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
HIP FLEXORS
ERECTOR SPINAE
PUSHING ASSESSMENT LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACH ARCHES
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
INTRINSIC CORE STABILIZERS
PUSHING ASSESSMENT SHOULDER COMPLEX
COMPENSATION: SHOULDER ELEVATION
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
UPPER TRAPEZIUS
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
PUSHING ASSESSMENT SHOULDER COMPLEX
COMPENSATION: SHOULDER ELEVATION
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
MID/ LOWER TRAPEZIUS
PUSHING ASSESSMENT - HEAD
COMPENSATION: HEAD MIGRATES FORWARD
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
UPPER TRAPEZIUS
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
PUSHING ASSESSMENT - HEAD
COMPENSATION: HEAD MIGRATES FORWARD
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
DEEP CERVICAL FLEXORS
PULLING ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE/ POSITION
STANDS WITH ABDOMEN DRAWN INWARD, FEET SHOULDER WIDTH APART TOES POINTING FORWARD
PULLING ASSESSMENT MOVEMENT
VIEW FROM SIDE, PULL HANDLES TOWARD BODY, LUMBAR AND CERVICAL SPINES SHOULD REMAIN NEUTRAL AND SHOULDERS LEVEL, PERFORM 20 REPS
PULLING ASSESSMENTS COMPENSATIONS LOW BACK, SHOULDERS, HEAD
LOW BACK: ARCH ?
SHOULDERS: ELEVATE ?
HEAD: MIGRATE FORWARD ?
PULLING ASSESSMENT - LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACH ARCH
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
HIP FLEXORS
ERECTOR SPINAE
PULLING ASSESSMENT - LPHC
COMPENSATION: LOW BACH ARCH
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
INTRINSIC CORE STABILIZERS
PULLING ASSESSMENT - SHOULDER COMPLEX
COMPENSATION: SHOULDER ELEVATION
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
UPPER TRAPEZIUS
STERNOICELIDOMASTOID
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
PULLING ASSESSMENT - SHOULDER COMPLEX
COMPENSATION: SHOULDER ELEVATION
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
MID/ LOWER TRAPEZIUS
PULLING ASSESSMENT - HEAD
COMPENSATION: HEAD PROTRUDES FORWARD
PROBABLE OVERACTIVE MUSCLES
UPPER TRAPEZIUS
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
PULLING ASSESSMENT - HEAD
COMPENSATION: HEAD PROTRUDES FORWARD
PROBABLE UNDERACTIVE MUSCLES
DEEP CERVICAL FLEXORS
USED FOR CLIENTS LOOKING TO IMPROVE ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE, MEASURE UPPER EXTREMITY STABILITY AND MUSCULAR ENDURANCE, LOWER EXTREMITY AGILITY, AND OVERALL STRENGTH
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS
BASIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS
PUSH UP TEST, DAVIES TEST, SHARK SKILL TEST, BENCH PRESS STRENGTH ASSESSMENTS, AND SQUAT STRENGTH ASSESSMENT
PUSH UP TEST PURPOSE
MEASURES MUSCULAR ENDURANCE OF UPPER BODY, PRIMARILY PUSHING MUSCLES
PUSH UP TEST PROCEDURE/ POSITION
ANKLES, KNEES, HIPS, SHOULDERS AND HEAD STRAIGHT
LOWER BODY TO FIST
REPEATS FOR 60 SECS OR EXHAUSTION WITHOUT COMPENSATION
VARIATION FOR PUSH UP
KNEELING PUSH UP
DAVIES TEST PURPOSE
MEASURES UPPER EXTREMITY AGILITY AND STABILIZATION, NOT SUITABLE FOR THOSE THAT LACK SHOULDER STABILITY
DAVIES TEST PROCEDURE/ POSITION
2 PIECES OF TAPE ON FLOOR, 36 INCHES APART, PUSH UP POSITION WITH ONE HAND ON EACH PIECE OF TAPE
DAVIES TEST MOVEMENT
QUICKLY MOVE HAND TO TOUCH OTHER HAND, ALTERNATING TOUCHES FOR 15 SECS, REPEAT FOR 3 TRIALS, MEASURE IMPROVEMENT OF NUMBER OF TOUCHES
SHARK SKILL TEST PURPOSE
ASSESS LOWER EXTREMITY AGILITY AND NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL; PROGRESSION FROM SINGLE LEG SQUAT
SHARK SKILL TEST PROCEDURE/ POSITION
CENTER BOX OF GRID, HANDS ON HIPS STANDING ON ONE LEG
HOP TO EACH BOX IN DESIGNATED PATTERNS ALWAYS RETURNING TO CENTER BOX ONE PRACTICE RUN WITH EACH FOOT TEST TWICE EACH FOOT ADD 0.10 SECS FOR NON HOPPING LEG TOUCHING GROUND, HANDS COME OFF HIPS, GOES INTO WRONG SQUARE, DOES NOT RETURN TO CENTER
SHARK SKILL TEST MOVEMENT
UPPER EXTREMITY STRENGTH ASSESSMENT: BENCH PRESS PURPOSE
ESTIMATE 1 REP MAX ON OVERALL UPPER BODY STRENGTH; ADVANCED ASSESSMENT FOR STRENGTH SPECIFIC GOALS
BENCH PRESS POSITION
LAYING ON BENCH, FEET STRAIGHT, LOW BACK NEUTRAL
BENCH PRESS MOVEMENT
WARM UP LIGHT 8-10 REPS REST 1 MIN ADD 10-20 LBS (5-10% OF INITIAL LOAD) PERFORM 3-5 REPS REST 2 MINS REPEAT UNTIL FAILURE B/W 2-10 REPS
LOWER EXTREMITY STRENGTH ASSESSMENT: SQUAT PURPOSE
ESTIMATE ONE REP MAX AND OVERALL LOWER BODY STRENGTH; ADVANCED ASSESSMENT FOR STRENGTH SPECIFIC GOALS
SQUAT POSITION
FEET SHOULDER WIDTH APART, KNEES IN LINE WITH TOES, LOW BACK NEUTRAL
SQUAT MOVEMENT
WARM UP LIGHT 8-10 REPS, REST 1 MIN, ADD 30-40 LBS (10-20% OF INITIAL LOAD) PERFORM 3-5 REPS, REST 2 MINS, REPEAT UNTIL FAILURE B/W 2-10 REPS
BODY COMPOSITION TESTING RESULTS IS CONSIDERED WHAT KIND OF INFO DURING FITNESS EVAL ?
OBJECTIVE INFO
PROPER EQUATION FOR DETERMINING CLIENTS HR FOR ZONE 1
(220-client’s age)x (65% and 75%)
MOST APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINES ATHLETES MAXIMAL STRENGTH CAPABILITIES OF UPPER BODY PRESSING MUSCULATURE
BENCH PRESS 1 REP MAX TEST
When assessing a client’s overhead squat, what is an indication of overactivity in the lateral gastrocnemius?
EXTERNAL ROTATION OF FEET
What is the likely cause of an excessive forward lean during the overhead squat assessment?
Overactive hip flexor complex and soleus
client’s shoulder elevates when performing a pushing assessment, what is a probable underactive muscle?
Lower trapezius
assessments designed to assess lower-extremity agility and neuromuscular control
shark skill test
assessments that involves positioning a client in the center box of a grid, with hands on hips, and standing on one leg
shark skill test
Decreased neural control to stabilizing muscles of the core caused by what kind of injuries ?
low back injuries
T OR F: TRICEP IS NOT ONE OF THE SITES FOR SKIN FOLD MEASUREMENTS ACCORDING TO DURNIN FORMULA
FALSE, TRICEP IS ONE OF THE SITES