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NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE > CH.16 CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL OR FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS PT.2 > Flashcards

CH.16 CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL OR FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS PT.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH AND DISABILITY FOR BOTH MEN AND WOMEN

A

CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD)

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2
Q

CAUSED BY ATHEROSCLEROSIS (PLAQUE FORMATION), LEADS TO NARROWING OF CORONARY ARTERIES AND ULTIMATELY ANGINA PECTORIS (CHEST PAIN) OR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (HEART ATTACK)

A

CHD

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3
Q

PRIMARY CAUSE OF CHD

A

POOR LIFESTYLE CHOICES
CIGARETTE SMOKING
POOR DIET
PHYSICAL INACTIVITY

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4
Q

EMPHASIS ON TREATING CHD IS CENTERED ON IMPROVING HEALTH OF INTERNAL LINING OF CORONARY ARTERY, CALLED WHAT ?

A

PLAQUE STABILIZATION

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5
Q

RISK OF EXERCISE FOR CLIENTS W/ CHD IS LIKELY WHAT, B/C THEY SHOULD BE WELL SCREENED AND MONITORED BY THEIR PHYSICIAN AND FITNESS STAFF

A

LOW

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6
Q

FOR A CLIENT WITH CHD PEAK O2 UPTAKE (AS WELL AS VENTILATORY THRESHOLD) IS OFTEN REDUCED B/C OF WHAT ?

A

COMPROMISED CARDIAC PUMP AND PERIPHERAL MUSCLE DECONDITIONING

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7
Q

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION INTENSITY FOR CHD CLIENT

A

LOW INTENSITY

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8
Q

AEROBIC TRAINING FOR CHD CLIENT(DURATION, FREQUENCY, INTENSITY)

A

20-30 MINS
3-5 DAYS/WEEK
40-85% MAXIMAL CAPACITY

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9
Q

WEEKLY CALORIC GOAL FOR CHD CLIENT

A

1500-2000 KCALL

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10
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR A CHD CLIENT MAY BE STARTED AFTER WHAT ?

A

EXERCISING ASYMPTOMATICALLY AND COMFORTABLY FOR >3 MONTHS IN AEROBIC EXERCISE PROGRAM

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11
Q

EXERCISE FORMAT FOR RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR CHD CLIENT (EXERCISE, SETS AND REPS )

A

CIRCUIT TRAINING
8-10 EXERCISES
1-3 SETS
10-20 REPS

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12
Q

T OR F: CLIENTS WITH CHD MUST BE ABLE TO FIND AND MONITOR THEIR OWN PULSE RATE OR USE AN ACCURATE MONITOR TO STAY BELOW THEIR SAFE UPPER LIMIT OF EXERCISE

A

TRUE

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13
Q

INDIVIDUALS W/ CHD, IT IS IMPORTANT TO CAREFULLY MONITOR HR AND WHAT ELSE ?

A

RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION (RPE)

SIGNS OF WORSENING CHD LIKE ANGINA

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14
Q

FOR A CLIENT W/ CHD WHAT CAN YOU SUE TO ASSESS EXERCISE INTENSITY ?

A

RATE OF PERCEIVED EXERTION

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15
Q

EVIDENCE THAT SHOWS THAT HEART DISEASE MAY BE SLOWED OR EVEN REVERSED WHEN WHAT IS USED ?

A

MULTIFACTOR INTERVENTION PROGRAM OF INTENSIVE EDUCATION
EXERCISE
COUNSELING
LIPID LOWERING MEDS

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16
Q

WITH A CLIENT WITH CHD, EXERCISE SHOULD BE PERFORMED IN WHAT POSITION ?

A

SEATED OR STANDING

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17
Q

CLIENTS W/ CHD SHOULD PERFORM STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING IN WHAT POSITION B/C MAY BE THE EASIEST AND SAFEST TO PERFORM ?

A

SEATED OR STANDING

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18
Q

CLIENT W/ CHD SHOULD PERFORM CORE EXERCISE IN WHAT POSITION ?

A

STANDING

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19
Q

A CLIENT W/ CHD, IN INITIAL MONTHS OF TRAINING, SHOULD AVOID WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING ?

A

PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

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20
Q

A CLIENT W/ CHD SHOULD PERFORM RESISTANCE TRAINING IN WHAT POSITION ?

A

SEATED OR STANDING POSITION

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21
Q

WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL ARE APPROPRIATE FOR A CHD CLIENT ?

A

PHASES 1 AND 2

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22
Q

CHD CLIENTS SHOULD PERFORM TRAINING PROGRAMS IN WHAT STYLE ?

A

CIRCUIT STYLE OR PHA TRAINING SYSTEM

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23
Q

DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR CHD CLIENT (WARM UP AND COOL DOWN INCLUDED)

A

5-10 MINS WARM UP
20-40 MINS EXERCISE
5-10 MINS COOL DOWN

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24
Q

BASIC EXERCISE ASSESSMENT FOR CHD CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERATED)

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25
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING TEMPO FOR CHD CLIENT

A

TEMPO SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1 SEC OF ISOMETRIC AND CONCENTRIC PORTIONS (4/1/1)

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26
Q

DECREASE IN CALCIFICATION OR DENSITY OF BONE AS WELL AS REDUCED BONE MASS

A

OSTEOPENIA

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27
Q

CONDITION IN WHICH THERE IS A DECREASE IN BONE MASS AND DENSITY AS WELL AS AN INCREASE IN SPACE B/W BONES, RESULTING IN POROSITY AND FRAGILITY

A

OSTEOPOROSIS

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28
Q

CONDITION IN WHICH BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) IS LOWER THAN NORMAL AND IS CONSIDERED A PRECURSOR TO OSTEOPOROSIS

A

OSTEOPENIA

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29
Q

DISEASE OF BONES IN WHICH BMD IS REDUCED, BONE MICROSTRUCTURE IS DISRUPTED AND ACTUAL PROTEINS IN BONE ARE ALTERED

A

OSTEOPOROSIS

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30
Q

2 TYPES OF OSTEOPOROSIS

A

TYPE 1 PRIMARY

TYPE 2 SECONDARY

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31
Q

TYPE OF OSTEOPOROSIS ASSOCIATED W/ NORMAL AGING AND IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO LOWER PRODUCTION OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE BOTH OF WHICH ARE INVOLVED W/ REGULATING RATE AT WHICH BONE IS LOST

A

PRIMARY OSTEOPOROSIS

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32
Q

TYPE OF OSTEOPOROSIS CAUSED BY CERTAIN MEDICAL CONDITIONS OR MEDS THAT CAN DISRUPT NORMAL BONE FORMATION, INCLUDING ALCOHOL ABUSE, SMOKING, CERTAIN DISEASE OR CERTAIN MEDS

A

SECONDARY OSTEOPOROSIS

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33
Q

T OR F: BOTH TYPES OF OSTEOPOROSIS AR NOT TREATABLE

A

FALSE; THEY ARE BOTH TREATABLE

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34
Q

TYPE 1 OSTEOPOROSIS IS MOST PREVALENT IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN B/C OF A DEFICIENCY IN WHAT (USUALLY SECONDARY TO MENOPAUSE)

A

ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY

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35
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS IS CHARACTERIZED BY AN INCREASE AND A DECREASE IN WHAT, WHICH LEADS TO A DECREASE IN BONE MINERAL DENSITY ?

A

INCREASE IN BONE RESORPTION (REMOVAL OF OLD BONE)

DECREASE IN BONE REMODELING (FORMATION OF NEW BONE)

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36
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS COMMONLY AFFECT WHAT BONES?

A

NECK OF FEMUR AND LUMBAR VERTEBRAE

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37
Q

HIGHEST AMOUNT OF BONE MASS A PERSON IS ABLE TO ACHIEVE DURING LIFETIME

A

PEAK BONE MASS

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38
Q

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT INFLUENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS

A

PEAK BONE MASS (OR DENSITY)

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39
Q

TO MAINTAIN CONSISTENT WHAT, PEOPLE MUST REMAIN ACTIVE ENOUGH TO ENSURE ADEQUATE STRESS IS BEING PLACED ON THEIR BODIES ?

A

BONE REMODELING

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40
Q

CLIENTS W/ OSTEOPOROSIS, IN ADDITION TO EXERCISE PROGRAMS, SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO DO WHAT ?

A

INCREASE DIETARY CALCIUM INTAKE
DECREASE ALCOHOL INTAKE
CEASE SMOKING

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41
Q

INDIVIDUALS WHO PARTICIPATE IN RESISTANCE TRAINING HAVE HOW MUCH BONE DENSITY ?

A

HIGHER BONE MINERAL DENSITY

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42
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING CAN IMPROVE BONE MINERAL DENSITY BY NO MORE THAN WHAT % ?

A

5%

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43
Q

WHAT % OF INCREASE IN BONE MINERAL DENSITY IS NECESSARY TO OFFSET FRACTURES ?

A

20%

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44
Q

FOR OSTEOPOROSIS CLIENTS, EXERCISE THAT COMBINE WHAT MIGHT BE BEST FOR THEM ?

A

RESISTANCE TRAINING TO INCREASE BONE MINERAL DENSITY W/ FLEXIBILITY, CORE AND BALANCE TRAINING TO ENHANCE PROPRIOCEPTION

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45
Q

FOR AN OSTEOPOROSIS CLEINT, MAXIMAL O2 UPTAKE AND VENTILATORY THRESHOLD IS FREQUENTLY LOWER, AS A RESULT OF WHAT ?

A

CHRONIC DECONDITIONING

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46
Q

LOADS GREATER THAN WHAT % OF 1RM HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE BONE DENSITY ?

A

> 75 OF 1RM

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47
Q

FOR CLIENTS W/ SEVERE OSTEOPOROSIS , EXERCISE MODALITY SHOULD BE SHIFTED TO WHAT ?

A

WATER EXERCISE TO REDUCE RISK OF LOADING FRACTURE

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48
Q

CLIENTS W. OSTEOPOROSIS SHOULD EXERCISE IN WHAT POSITION ?

A

THEIR OWN IDEAL POSITION

SEATED OR STANDING

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49
Q

OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOPENIA CLIENTS SHOULD HAVE FLEXIBILITY LIMITED TO WHAT ?

A

STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING

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50
Q

INTENSITY FOR EXERCISE FOR OSTEOPOROSIS CLIENT

A

50-90% MAXIMAL HR

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51
Q

DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR OSTEOPOROSIS CLIENT

A

20-60 MINS/ DAY OR

8-10 MINS BOUTS

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52
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR OSTEOPOROSIS CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SITTING AND STANDING INTO CHAIR (IF TOLERATED)

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53
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS CLIENT

A

1-3 SETS
8-20 REPS
UP TO 85% ON 2-3 DAYS/ WEEK

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54
Q

WHEN DEALING WITH A CLIENT W/ OSTEOPOROSIS CARE SHOULD BE TAKEN WHEN DOING MOVEMENTS W/ A LOT OF WHAT ?

A

SPINAL FLEXION, CRUNCHES

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55
Q

WHAT IS THE LEADING DETERMINING FACTOR IN BONE FORMATION ?

A

LOAD (RATHER THAN NUMBER OF REPS)

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56
Q

IT GENERALLY TAKES ABOUT HOW MANY CONSISTENT MONTHS OF EXERCISE AT RELATIVELY HIGH INTENSITIES BEFORE ANY EFFECT ON BONE MASS IS REALIZED ?

A

ABOUT 6 MONTHS

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57
Q

EXERCISE TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS/ OSTEOPENIA MAY BE PERFORMED HOW ?

A

CIRCUIT STYLE OR PHA TRAINING SYSTEM (FOCUSING ON HIPS, THIGHS, BACK AND ARMS)

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58
Q

PROGRESSING EXERCISE TO WHAT POSITION WILL HELP INCREASE STRESS TO HIPS, THIGHS AND BACK AS WELL AS INCREASE DEMAND FOR BALANCE

A

STANDING

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59
Q

CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF JOINTS

A

ARTHRITIS

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60
Q

ARTHRITIS IN WHICH CARTILAGE BECOMES SOFT, FRAYED OR THINS OUT AS A RESULT OF TRAUMA OR OTHER CONDITIONS

A

OSTEOARTHRITIS

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61
Q

ARTHRITIS PRIMARILY AFFECTING CONNECTIVE TISSUES, IN WHICH THERE IS THICKENING OF ARTICULAR SOFT TISSUE AND EXTENSION OF SYNOVIAL TISSUE OVER ARTICULAR CARTILAGES THAT HAVE BECOME ERODED

A

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

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62
Q

LEADING CAUSE OF DISABILITY AMONG US ADULTS, ASSOCIATED W/ SIGNIFICANT ACTIVITY LIMITATION, WORK DISABILITY, REDUCED QUALITY OF LIFE AND HIGH HEALTHCARE COST

A

ARTHRITIS

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63
Q

2 MOST COMMON TYPES OF ARTHRITIS

A

OSTEOARTHRITIS

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

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64
Q

CREATES WEARING ON SURFACES OF ARTICULATING BONES, CAUSING INFLAMMATION AND PAIN AT JOINT

A

OSTEOARTHRITIS

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65
Q

MOST COMMONLY AFFECTED JOINTS BY OSTEOARTHRITIS

A

HANDS, KNEES, HIPS AND SPINE

66
Q

DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE IN WHICH BODYS IMMUNE SYSTEM MISTAKENLY ATTACKS ITS OWN TISSUE (TISSUE IN JOINTS OR ORGANS)

A

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

67
Q

CONDITION THAT IS SYSTEMIC AND MAY AFFECT BOTH A VARIETY OF JOINTS AND ORGAN SYSTEMS; CAN CAUSE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN MULTIPLE JOINTS LEADING TO PAIN AND STIFFNESS

A

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

68
Q

AFFECTS HANDS, FEET, WRISTS AND KNEES AND USUALLY CHARACTERIZED BY MORNING STIFFNESS, LASTING MORE THAN HALF AN HOUR, WHICH CAN BE BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC WITH EVENTUAL LOSS OF JOINT INTEGRITY

A

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

69
Q

WHEN DEALING WITH A CLIENT W/ ARTHRITIS IF PAIN IS PERSISTENT FOR MORE THAN HOW LONG AFTER EXERCISE THAN IT IS AN INDICATION THAT EXERCISE SHOULD BE MODIFIED OR ELIMINATED FROM ROUTING

A

MORE THAN 1 HOUR

70
Q

WITH AN ARTHRITIS CLIENT, WHAT SHOULD BE AVOIDED TO DECREASE JOINT AGGRAVATION ?

A

EXERCISES OF HIGH INTENSITY OR INVOLVING HIGH REPS

71
Q

WHAT EXERCISE FORMAT IS SUITABLE FOR CLIENTS W/ ARTHRITIS ?

A

LOW VOLUME CIRCUIT PROGRAM OR MULTIPLE SESSION FORMAT

72
Q

CLIENTS TAKING WHAT, OVERTIME MAY HAVE OSTEOPOROSIS, INCREASED BODY MASS AND IF HISTORY OF GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING, ANEMIA

A

ORAL CORTICOSTEROIDS

73
Q

T OR F: STEROIDS CAN INCREASE FRACTURE RISK

A

TRUE

74
Q

RESEARCH INDICATES THAT PEOPLE EXHIBITING OSTEOARTHRITIS HAVE A DECREASE IN WHAT ?

A

STRENGTH AND PROPRIOCEPTION

75
Q

LOSS IN STRENGTH IN WHAT IS A STRONG PREDICTOR OF OSTEOARTHRITIS ?

A

KNEE EXTENSOR PREDICTOR

76
Q

SYMPTOMS OF ARTHRITIS (SUCH AS JOINT PAIN AND STIFFNESS) ARE HEIGHTENED THROUGH WHAT ?

A

INACTIVITY AS A RESULT OF MUSCLE ATROPHY AND LACK OF TISSUE FLEXIBILITY

77
Q

FOR CLIENTS WITH ARTHRITIS, PROGRESSING EXERCISES FROM A SEATED POSITION (W/O SUPPORT) AND STANDING POSITION WILL INCREASE WHAT ?

A

FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND BALANCE

78
Q

T OR F: INCREASING MUSCLE STRENGTH AND ENHANCING FLEXIBILITY THROUGH EXERCISE CAN ASSIST IN DECREASING SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED W/ ARTHRITIS

A

TRUE

79
Q

FLEXIBILITY STRETCHING FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENT

A

STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING FROM SEATED OR STANDING POSITION; SMR

80
Q

VERY IMPORTANT FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENTS TO INCREASE JOINT STABILITY AND BALANCE

A

CORE AND BALANCE EXERCISE

81
Q

WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR CLIENTS W/ ARTHRITIS ?

A

PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

82
Q

WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL USED WITH ARTHRITIS CLIENTS W/ MODIFIED REPS TO AVOID HEAVY, REPETITIVE JOINT LOADING THAT INCREASES STRESS TO AFFECTED JOINTS

A

PHASE 1 W/ MODIFIED REPS (10-12)

83
Q

FREQUENCY OF TRAINING FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENTS

A

3-5 DAYS/ WEEK

84
Q

INTENSITY OF EXERCISE FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENTS

A

60-80% OF MAXIMAL HR

85
Q

DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENT

A

30 MINS

86
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT
SINGLE LEG BALANCE
SINGLE LEG SQUAT (IF TOLERATED)

87
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR ARTHRITIS CLIENT

A

1-3 SETS
10-12 REPS
2-3 DAYS/WEEK

88
Q

ANY VARIOUS TYPES OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS, MOST OF WHICH INVADE SURROUNDING TISSUES, MAY METASTASIZE TO SEVERAL SITES, AND ARE LIKELY TO RECUR AFTER ATTEMPTED REMOVAL AND TO CAUSE DEATH OF PT UNLESS ADEQUATELY TREATED

A

CANCER

89
Q

SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN US W/ MORE THAN HALF MILLION DEATHS ANNUALLY, BEHIND CVD

A

CANCER

90
Q

POSITIVE BENEFITS OF EXERCISE IN TREATMENT OF CANCER

A 
IMPROVED AEROBIC AND MUSCULAR FITNESS
RETENTION OF LEAN BODY MASS 
LESS FATIGUE 
IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE 
POSITIVE EFFECTS ON MOOD AND SELF CONCEPT
91
Q

MEDS USED BY CANCER CLIENTS CAN RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS LIKE WHAT ?

A 
PERIPHERAL NERVE DAMAGE
CARDIAC AND PULMONARY PROBLEMS 
SKELETAL MUSCLE MYOPATHY (MUSCLE WEAKNESS AND WASTING) 
ANEMIA 
NAUSEA
92
Q

WHEN WORKING WITH A CANCER CLIENT ITS RECOMMENDED TO USE INTERMITTENT BOUTS OF EXERCISE TO ACCUMULATE HOW MUCH TIME OF TOTAL AEROBIC EXERCISE ?

A

20-30 MINS

93
Q

WHAT INTENSITIES OF EXERCISE APPEAR TO HAVE MORE POSITIVE EFFECTS ON IMMUNE SYSTEM?

A

LOW TO MODERATE INTENSITIES FOR MODERATE DURATION

94
Q

RESEARCH SHOWS THAT WHAT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SEEM TO BE ASSOCIATED W/ DECREASED INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY RATES OF CERTAIN FORMS OF CANCER ?

A

MODERATE TO HIGH LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

95
Q

WITH CANCER CLIENTS, SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE IS NOT RECOMMENDED IF WHAT ?

A

ARE RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY OR RADIATION TREATMENTS

96
Q

FOR CANCER CLIENT, CARDIO IS VERY IMPORTANT, START WITH HOW MANY MINUTES AND PROGRESSING TO HOW MANY ?

A

START WITH 5 MINS OF STAGE 1 PROGRESSING UP TO 30 MINS

3-5 DAYS/WEEK

97
Q

ADVANCEMENT FOR CARDIO FOR A CANCER CLIENT CAN BE PROGRESSED IF WHAT ?

A

APPROVAL FROM PHYSICIAN

98
Q

WITH CANCER CLIENTS, PLYOMETRIC TRAINING IS NOT RECOMMENDED UNTIL CLIENT HAS SUFFICIENTLY PROGRESSED TO PERFORMING WHAT ?

A

3 COMPLETE PHASE 1 WORKOUTS PER WEEK

99
Q

WITH CANCER CLIENTS, WHAT PHASES OF RESISTANCE TRAINING WOULD BE MOST APPROPRIATE ?

A

PHASES 1 AND 2

100
Q

BASIC EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR CANCER CLIENT ?

A

50-70% OF MAXIMAL HRR

101
Q

BASIC EXERCISE DURATION FOR CANCER CLIENT

A

15-30 MINS (START WITH 5)

102
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR CANCER CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERABLE)

103
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR CANCER CLIENT

A

1-3 SETS
10-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS/WEEK

104
Q

PREGNANT CLIENTS MAY CONTINUE MODERATE LEVELS OF EXERCISE UNTIL WHEN ?

A

3RD TRIMESTER, WHEN A LOGICAL REDUCTION IN ACTIVITY IS RECOMMENDED

105
Q

GRADUAL GROWTH OF FETUS CAN ALTER POSTURE OF PREGNANT WOMEN, MAKING WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING IMPORTANT ?

A

FLEXIBILITY AND COR, PARTICULARLY CORE STABILIZATION EXERCISE TO IMPROVE STRENGTH OF PELVIC FLOOR MUSCULATURE

106
Q

PERFORMING EXERCISES IN WHAT POSITIONS AND DOING WHAT MOTIONS ARE NOT ADVISED FOR MORE ADVANCED STAGES OF PREGNANCY (2ND AND 3RD TRIMESTER) ?

A

PRONE OR SUPINE OR UNCONTROLLED TWISTING MOTIONS OF TORSO

107
Q

T OR F: HIP ABDUCTION/ADDUCTION MACHINES ARE ADVISED TO USE DURING PREGNANCY

A

FALSE; NOT ADVISED

108
Q

POSTNATAL WOMEN SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO REEDUCATE WHAT ?

A 
POSTURE
JOINT ALIGNMENT 
MUSCLE IMBALANCES 
STABILITY 
MOTOR SKILLS 
RECRUITMENT OF DEEP CORE STABILIZERS SUCH AS TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS, INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND PELVIC MUSCALTURE
109
Q

FOR PREGNANT CLIENT, LOW MODERATE INTENSITY AEROBIC EXERCISE (40-50% OF PEAK WORK CAPACITY) SHOULD BE PERFORMED HOW MANY DAYS A WEEK, EMPHASIZING NON WEIGHT BEARING EXERCISE (SWIMMING, CYCLING)

A

3-5 DAYS/WEEK

110
Q

EVEN IN THE ABSENCE OF EXERCISE, PREGNANCY MAY INCREASE METABOLIC DEMAND BY HOW MANY CALORIES PER DAY TO MAINTAIN ENERGY BALANCE

A

300 KCAL

111
Q

HIGH RISK PREGNANCY CONSIDERATIONS INCLUDE WHAT ?

A 
INDIVIDUALS OLDER THAN 35 
HISTORY OF MISCARRIAGE 
DIABETES 
THYROID DISORDER 
ANEMIA 
OBESITY 
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
112
Q

WITH A PREGNANT CLIENT, FOR RESISTANCE TRAINING IF CLEARED BY A PHYSICIAN WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING IS RECOMMENDED ?

A

CIRCUIT TRAINING
1-3 SETS
12-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS

113
Q

DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN ?

A

15-30 MINS STARTING WITH 5

114
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR PREGNANT CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG SQUAT OR BALANCE

115
Q

FLEXIBILITY TYPE FOR PREGNANT CLIENT

A

STATIC, ACTIVE STRETCHING AND SMR

116
Q

WITH A PREGNANT CLIENT, SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE SHOULD NOT BE PERFORMED ON WHAT ?

A

VARICOSE VEINS THAT ARE SORE OR AREAS WHERE THERE IS SWELLING (SUCH AS CALVES)

117
Q

CARDIO TRAINING FOR PREGNANT CLIENT SHOULD CONSIST OF WHAT STAGES ?

A

STAGE 1 AND PROGRESS TO IF PHYSICIAN APPROVES

118
Q

WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING IS NOT ADVISED FOR PREGNANT CLIENTS ?

A

PLYOMETRIC TRAINING

119
Q

WHAT PHASES OF OPT MODEL MAY BE USED WITH PREGNANT CLIENT ?

A

1ST TRIMESTER: PHASES 1 AND 2

2ND AND 3RD TRIMESTER: PHASE 1

120
Q

CONDITION OF FIBROUS LUNG TISSUE, WHICH RESULTS IN DECREASED ABILITY TO EXPAND LUNGS

A

RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE

121
Q

CONDITION OF ALTERED AIRFLOW THROUGH LUNGS, GENERALLY CAUSED BY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AS A RESULT OF MUCUS PRODUCTION

A

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE

122
Q

PRIMARY RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASES

A

SMOKING

123
Q

2 MAJOR CATEGORIES OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE

A

OBSTRUCTIVE AND RESTRICTIVE

124
Q

IN RESTRICTIVE LUNG DISEASE ABILITY TO EXPAND LUNGS MAY BE DECREASED AS A RESULT OF ANY NUMBER OF CAUSES SUCH AS WHAT ?

A

FRACTURED RIBS, NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE OR EVEN OBESITY

125
Q

CHARACTERIZED BY CHRONIC INFLAMMATION (CAUSED PRIMARILY BY SMOKING, ALTHOUGH IN CASE OF ASTHMA MAY BE CAUSED BY ENVIRONMENTAL IRRITANTS) AND AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION VIA MUCUS PRODUCTION

A

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE

126
Q

DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE MUCUS PRODUCTION, BUT IS INSTEAD A GENETIC DISORDER

A

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

127
Q

PROBLEMS THAT COME WITH RESTRICTIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE

A

DECREASED VENTILATION AND DECREASED GAS EXCHANGE ABILITY (RESULTING IN DECREASED AEROBIC CAPACITY AND ENDURANCE AND IN O2 DESATURATION

128
Q

THOSE WITH WHAT ARE FREQUENTLY UNDERWEIGHT AND MAY EXHIBIT OVERALL MUSCLE WASTING WITH HYPERTROPHIED NECK MUSCLES (EXCESSIVELY USED TO ASSIST IN LABORED BREATHING)

A

EMPHYSEMA

129
Q

THOSE WITH WHAT ARE FREQUENTLY OVERWEIGHT AND ARE BARREL CHESTED

A

CYSTIC FIBROSIS

130
Q

THE USE OF WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING IS BEST TOLERATED BY PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE ?

A

USE OF LOWER BODY CARDIO AND RESISTANCE TRAINING

131
Q

T OR F: FOR A CLIENT WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE, UPPER EXTREMITY EXERCISES PLACE AN INCREASED STRESS ON THE SECONDARY RESPIRATORY MUSCLES THAT ARE INVOLVED IN STABILIZING THE UPPER EXTREMITIES DURING EXERCISE

A

TRUE

132
Q

FOR A CLIENT WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE, AEROBIC EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION SHOULD BE GUIDED BY CLIENTS WHAT ?

A

SOB

133
Q

AEROBIC EXERCISE PARAMETERS FOR CLIENT W/ CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE

A

40-60% PEAK WORK CAPACITY
3-5 DAYS/WEEK
20-45 MINS AS TOLERABLE

134
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR CLIENT WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE

A

CIRCUIT TRAINING IN PHA FORMAT RECOMMENDED
8-10 EXERCISES
1 SET
8-15 REPS PER EXERCISE

135
Q

CLIENTS W/ CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE MAY HAVE SIGNIFICANT MUSCLE WASTING AND BE WHAT ?

A

LOW BODY WT (BMI <18)

136
Q

INSPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING CAN SPECIFICALLY IMPROVE WHAT ?

A

WORK ASSOCIATED WITH BREATHING

137
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR CLIENT WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG SQUAT OR BALANCE

138
Q

MANIFESTATION OF SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE

A

INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION

139
Q

CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY NARROWING OF MAJOR ARTERIES THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR SUPPLYING BLOOD TO LOWER EXTREMITIES

A

PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE

140
Q

CHARACTERIZED BY LIMPING, LAMENESS, OR PAIN IN LOWER LEG DURING MILD EXERCISE RESULTING FROM A DECREASE IN BLOOD SUPPLY (O2) TO THE LOWER EXTREMITIES

A

INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION

141
Q

PRIMARY LIMITING FACTOR FOR EXERCISE IN THE CLIENT W/ PAD IS WHAT ?

A

LEG PAIN

142
Q

EXERCISE DURATION FOR CLIENT WITH PAD

A

20-30 MINS TOTAL
CONTINUOUS BOUTS OF 10 MINS OR GREATER
3-5 DAYS/WEEK

143
Q

PAD FREQUENTLY RESULTS IN DECREASED AEROBIC WHAT ?

A

CAPACITY AND ENDURANCE

144
Q

PAD IS ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT ?

A

CHD AND DIABETES

145
Q

WHAT IS NECESSARY FOR EXERCISE FOR A CLIENT W/ PAD ?

A

PHYSICIAN CLEARANCE

146
Q

FLEXIBILITY FOR CLIENT W/ PAD

A

STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING

147
Q

T OR F: FOR A CLIENT WITH PAD, SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE IS NOT SUGGESTED, UNLESS APPROVED BY A PHYSICIAN

A

TRUE

148
Q

EXERCISE BOUTS FOR CLIENTS W/ PAD SHOULD INITIALLY START FOR HOW LONG ?

A

5-10 MINS AND PROGRESS SLOWLY TO 20-30 MINS

149
Q

EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR CLIENT W/ PAD

A

50-85% MAXIMAL HR

150
Q

ASSESSMENT FOR PAD CLIENT

A

PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT

SINGLE LEG SQUAT OR BALANCE

151
Q

RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR CLIENTS WITH PAD

A

1-3 SETS
8-12 REPS
2-3 DAYS/WEEK
SLOWLY INCREASE UP TO 12-20 REPS

152
Q

MAY BE NECESSARY TO START OUT W/ HOW MANY MINS OF EXERCISE WHEN TRAINING A CLIENT W/ ARTHRITIS WHO HAS NEVER WORKED OUT BEFORE

A

5 MINS

153
Q

IF A DIABETIC CLIENT HAS PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY THEY SHOULD AVOID WHAT ?

A

FOAM ROLL OF CALVES

154
Q

CLIENTS W/ CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE OFTEN HAVE SOB ALSO KNOWN AS WHAT ?

A

DYSPNEA

155
Q

AN APPROPRIATE MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT FOR SENIOR CLIENT WHO IS SEDENTARY

A

PUSHING TEST

156
Q

IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT CLIENTS TAKING BETA BLOCKERS FOR HTN SHOULD AVOID WHAT POSITION ?

A

PRONE

157
Q

AN APPROPRIATE EXERCISE FOR PREGNANT CLIENT IN 3RD TRIMESTER

A

BALL SQUAT

158
Q

AN OBESE CLIENT WHO HAS BEEN DIAGNOSED W/ PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASES (PAD) SHOULD BE ADVISED TO WHAT ?

A

STRIVE FOR 20-30 MINS OF CONTINUOUS AEROBIC EXERCISE DAILY

159
Q

AN APPROPRIATE EXERCISE FOR CLIENT W/ HTN

A

STANDING COBRA

160
Q

SAFE EXERCISE FOR CLIENT TAKING PRESCRIPTION BETA BLOCKERS FOR HTN

A

STANDING COBRA

161
Q

AN APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENT FOR PREGNANT CLIENT

A

SINGLE LEG SQUAT

NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE (27 decks)

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