CH.6 FITNESS ASSESSMENT Flashcards by carlos rivera

CAN SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCE RISK AND LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT HEALTH BENEFITS

AT LEAST 2.5 HOURS A WEEK OF MODERATE AEROBIC PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

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INFO NECESSARY TO CREATE RIGHT PROGRAM FOR SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL (OR GROUP) COMES THROUGH A PROPER WHAT ?

PROPER FITNESS ASSESSMENT

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INVOLVES A SERIES OF MEASUREMENTS THAT HELP DETERMINE CURRENT HEALTH AND FITNESS LEVEL OF CLIENTS

COMPREHENSIVE FITNESS ASSESSMENT

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SPECIFIC TESTS USED IN AN ASSESSMENT DEPEND ON WHAT ?

HEALTH AND FITNESS GOALS
TRAINERS EXPERIENCE
TYPE OF WORKOUT ROUTINES BEING PERFORMED
AND AVAILABILITY OF FITNESS ASSESSMENT EQUIPMENT

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DESIGNED TO SERVES AS WAY OF OBSERVING AND DOCUMENTING CLIENTS INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS

HEALTH AND FITNESS ASSESSMENT

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PROVIDES A VARIETY OF SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE INFO INCLUDING PREPARTICIPATION HEALTH SCREENING, RESTING PHYSIOLOGIC MEASUREMENTS (HR, BP, HT, WT) AND SERIES OF MEASUREMENTS TO HELP DETERMINE FITNESS LEVEL OF CLIENT (HEALTH RELATED FITNESS TEST)

COMPREHENSIVE FITNESS ASSESSMENT

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DONT’S FOR HEALTH AND FITNESS PROFESSIONALS

DO NOT:

DIAGNOSE MEDICAL CONDITIONS
PRESCRIBE TX
PRESCRIBE DIETS
PROVIDE TX FOR INJURIES OR DISEASE
PROVIDE REHAB SERVICES
PROVIDE COUNSELING SERVICES

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GENERAL/ MEDICAL HISTORY, OCCUPATION, LIFESTYLE, MEDICAL AND PERSONAL INFO ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF WHAT TYPE OF INFO OF A FITNESS ASSESSMENT

SUBJECTIVE INFO

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PHYSIOLOGIC ASSESSMENT, BODY COMPOSITION TESTING, CARDIORESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT, STATIC AND DYNAMIC POSTURAL ASSESSMENTS, PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS ARE ALL WHAT TYPE OF INFO OF A FITNESS ASSESSMENT ?

OBJECTIVE INFO

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BEFORE ALLOWING NEW CLIENT TO PARTICIPATE IN ANY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SHOULD CONDUCT A WHAT ?

PREPARTICIPATION HEALTH SCREENING, INCLUDING MEDICAL HISTORY QUESTIONNAIRE (PAR-Q)

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INDIVIDUALS WHO DO NOT HAVE ANY S/S OF CARDIOVASCUALR, PULMONARY OR METABOLIC DISEASE AND HAVE LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 1 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTOR ARE WHAT TYPE OF RISK CLIENT ?

LOW RISK

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INDIVIDUALS WHO DO NOT HAVE ANY S/S OF CARDIO, PULMONARY, OR METABOLIC DISEASE BUT HAVE MORE THAN OR EQUAL TO 2 CARDIO DISEASE RISK FACTORS ARE WHAT TYPE OF RISK CLIENTS ?

MODERATE

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INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE 1 OR MORE S/S OF CARDIO, PULMONARY, OR METABOLIC DISEASE ARE WHAT TYPE OF RISK CLIENTS ?

HIGH RISK

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A QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGNED TO DETERMINE SAFETY OR POSSIBLE RISK OF EXERCISING FOR A CLIENT BASED ON ANSWERS TO SPECIFIC HEALTH HISTORY QUESTIONS

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY READINESS QUESTIONNAIRE (PAR-Q)

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PRIMARILY AIMED AT IDENTIFYING INDIVIDUALS WHO REQUIRE FURTHER MEDICAL EVAL BEFORE BEING ALLOWED TO EXERCISE BECAUSE THEY ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVC)

PAR-Q

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IF A CLIENT ANSWERS YES TO ONE OR MORE QUESTIONS ON THE PAR-Q, PT SHOULD TO WHAT ?

REFER THEM TO PHYSICIAN FOR FURTHER MEDICAL SCREENING BEFORE STARTING EXERCISE PROGRAM

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COLLECTION OF INFO, GENERALLY PART OF MEDICAL PHYSICAL; DISCUSS RELEVANT FACTS ABOUT INDIVIDUALS HISTORY

HEALTH HISTORY

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2 IMPORTANT AREAS OF HEALTH HISTORY FOR PT TO FOCUS ON ARE WHAT ?

CLIENTS OCCUPATION AND GENERAL LIFESTYLE TRAITS

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IF CLIENTS ARE SITTING FOR PROLONGED PERIODS THROUGHOUT DAY IT CAN CAUSE WHAT TO HIPS ?

HIPS ARE FLEXED FOR PROLONGED PERIODS WHICH LEADS TO TIGHT HIP FLEXORS (RECTUS FEMORIS, TENSOR FASCIA LATAE, ILIOPSOAS) AND POSTURAL IMBALANCES

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PERSISTENT MOTION THAT CAN CAUSE MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY AND DYSFUNCTION

REPETITIVE MOVEMENT

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CAN CREATE PATTERN OVERLOAD TO MUSCLE AND JOINTS, WHICH MAY LEAD TO TISSUE TRAUMA AND EVENTUALLY KINETIC CHAIN DYSFUNCTION

REPETITIVE MOVEMENT

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WEARING THIS FOR EXTENDED PERIODS CAN PUT ANKLE COMPLEX IN PLANTAFLEXED POSITION CAUSING POSTURAL IMBALANCES

WEARING SHOES WITH HIGH HEELS

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PROVIDES INFO ABOUT CLIENTS PAST AND CURRENT HEALTH STATUS AS WELL AS ANY PAST OR RECENT INJURIES, SURGERIES, OR OTHER CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS

MEDICAL HISTORY

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STRONG PREDICTOR OF FUTURE MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

PREVIOUS HISTORY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY

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SHOWN TO DECREASE NEURAL CONTROL TO GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MUSCLES, CAN LEAD TO POOR CONTROL OF LOWER EXTREMITIES

ANKLE SPRAINS

CAUSE DECREASE IN NEURAL CONTROL TO MUSCLES THAT STABILIZE PATELLA (KNEECAP)

KNEE INJURIES INVOLVING LIGAMENTS

T OR F: KNEE INJURIES THAT ARE NOT THE RESULT OF CONTACT (NONCONTACT INJURIES) ARE OFTEN RESULT OF ANKLE OR HIP DYSFUNCTIONS

TRUE

CAUSE DECREASED NEURAL CONTROL TO STABILIZING MUSCLES OF CORE, RESULTING IN POOR STABILIZATION OF SPINE

LOW BACK INJURIES

CAUSE ALTERED NEURAL CONTROL OF ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLES

SHOULDER INJURIES

ESTIMATED THAT WHAT % OF AMERICAN ADULT POPULATION DOES NOT ENGAGE IN AT LEAST 30 MINS OF LOW TO MODERATE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON MOST DAYS OF WEEK

75%

GENERALLY USED AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE (HIGH BP), MAY ALSO BE PRESCRIBED FOR ARRHYTHMIAS (IRREGULAR HR)

BETA BLOCKERS

GENERALLY PRESCRIBED FOR HTN AND ANGINA (CHEST PAIN)

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

GENERALLY PRESCRIBED FOR HTN, CHF

NITRATES

GENERALLY PRESCRIBED FOR HTN, CHF AND PERIPHERAL EDEMA

DIURETICS

GENERALLY PRESCRIBED TO CORRECT OR PREVENT BRONCHIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE CONSTRICTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ASTHMA AND OTHER PULMONARY DISEASES

BRONCHODIALATORS

USED IN TX OF HTN AND CHF

VASODILATORS

USED IN TX OF VARIOUS PSYCHIATRIC AND EMOTIONAL DISORDERS

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

EFFECT OF BETA BLOCKERS ON HR AND BP

HR DECREASES | BP DECREASES

EFFECT OF CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS ON HR AND BP

HR: INCREASE, NO EFFECT, OR DECREASE BP: DECREASE

EFFECT OF NITRATES ON HR AND BP

HR: INCREASE BP: NO EFFECT HR: NO EFFECT BP: DECREASE

EFFECT OF DIURETICS ON HR AND BP

HR: NO EFFECT BP: NO EFFECT OR DECREASE

EFFECT OF BRONCHODIALATORS ON HR AND BP

NO EFFECT ON HR OR BP

EFFECT OF VASODIALTORS ON HR AND BP

HR: INCREASE, NO EFFECT, OR DECREASE BP: DECREASE

EFFECT OF VASSODILATORS ON HR AND BP:

HR: INCREASE OR NO EFFECT BP: NO EFFECT OR DECREASE

COLLECTED DURING FITNESS ASSESSMENT, INCLUDES RESTING AND EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS (BP, HR), RESTING ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS (HT, WT, BODY FAT %, CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS), AND SPECIFIC MEASURES OF FITNESS (MUSCULAR ENDURANCE, FLEXIBILITY, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS)

OBJECTIVE INFO

CATEGORIES OF OBJECTIVE INFO

PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS, BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT, CARDIORESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT, STATIC POSTURE ASSESS., MOVEMENT ASSESS. (DYNAMIC POSTURE), PERFORMANCE ASSESS.

FAIRLY GOOD INDICATOR OF OVERALL CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS

RESTING HR

STRONG INDICATOR OF HOW CLIENTS CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN RESPONDING AND ADAPTING TO EXERCISE

EXERCISE HR

CREATED BY BLOOD MOVING OR PULSATING THROUGH ARTERIES EACH TIME HEART CONTRACTS

PULSE

PULSE RATE IS ALSO KNOWN AS WHAT ?

HOW MANY PULSE POINTS ARE AVAILABLE ?

2 MOST COMMON SITES USED TO RECORD A PULSE

RADIAL AND CAROTID

TYPICAL RESTING HR

70-80 BPM

AVERAGE RESTING HR FOR MALE

AVERAGE RESTING HR FOR FEMALE

2 MOST COMMON WAYS TO CALCULATE TARGET HEART RATE (THR)

1. USE % OF CLIENTS ESTIMATED MAXIMAL HR (STRAIGHT PERCENTAGE METHOD) 2. USING % OF HEART RATE RESERVE (KARVONEN METHOD)

WHEN USING THE STRAIGHT % METHOD (PEAK MAXIMAL HR) HOW DOES ONE FIND CLIENTS MAXIMAL HR ?

SUBTRACT AGE FROM NUMBER 220 (220-AGE)

WHEN USING THE STRAIGHT % METHOD (PEAK MAXIMAL HR) HOW DO YOU CALCULATE THR ?

HRMAX X APPROPRIATE INTENSITY (65-95%)

DEPENDING ON CLIENTS INITIAL PHYSICAL CONDITION STATUS, WHAT INTENSITY SHOULD EXERCISE LEVELS BE AT ?

MAY NEED TO BE LOWER THAN 65% (40-55%)

METHOD OF ESTABLISHING TRAINING INTENSITY ON THE BASIS OF DIFFERENCE B/W CLIENTS PREDICTED MAXIMAL HR AND RESTING HR

HEART RATE RESERVE (HRR) AKA KARVONEN METHOD

HRR METHOD (KARVONEN METHOD)

THR = [(HRMAX - HRREST) X DESIRED INTENSITY] + HR REST

PRESSURE OF CIRCULATING BLOOD AGAINST WALLS OF BLOOD VESSELS AFTER BLOOD IS EJECTED FROM HEART

REPRESENTS PRESSURE WITHIN ARTERIAL SYSTEM AFTER HEART CONTRACT

SYSTOLIC

REPRESENTS PRESSURE WITHIN ARTERIAL SYSTEM WHEN HEART IS RESTING AND FILLING WITH BLOOD

DIASTOLIC

ACCORDING TO AHA, ACCEPTABLE BP MEASUREMENT FOR HEALTH IS WHAT ?

SYSTOLIC: LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 120 MMHG DIASTOLIC: LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 80 MMHG

MEASURED USING AN ANEROID SPHYGMOMANOMETER, WHICH CONSIST OF INFLATABLE CUFF, PRESSURE DIAL, BULB WITH VALVE AND STETHOSCOPE

TO DETERMINE SYSTOLIC PRESSURE LISTEN FOR WHAT ?

FIRST OBSERVATION OF PULSE

TO DETERMINE DIASTOLIC PRESSURE LISTEN TO WHAT ?

PULSE FADES AWAY

REFERS TO RELATIVE % OF BODY WEIGHT THAT IS FAT VERSUS FAT FREE TISSUE (% BODY FAT)

BODY COMPOSITION

BODY WEIGHT EXCEPT STORED FAT, INCLUDES MUSCLES, BONES, WATER, CONNECTIVE AND ORGAN TISSUES AND TEETH

FAT FREE MASS

INCLUDES BOTH ESSENTIAL FAT (CRUCIAL FOR NORMAL BODY FUNCTIONING) AND NONESSENTIAL FAT (STORAGE FAT OR ADIPOSE TISSUE)

FAT MASS

ESSENTIAL BODY FAT FOR MEN

3-5%

ESSENTIAL BODY FAT FOR WOMEN

8-12%

% FAT RECOMMENDATION FOR ATHLETIC MEN

5-13%

% FAT RECOMMENDATION FOR ATHLETIC WOMEN

12-22%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR MALE 34 YEARS OR LESS

8-22%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR FEMALE 34 YEARS OR LESS

20-35%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR MALE 35-55 Y/O

10-25%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR FEMALE 35-55 Y/O

23-38%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR MALE 56 Y/O+

10-25%

RECOMMENDED %FAT FOR FEMALE 56 Y/O+

25-38%

USES CALIPER TO ESTIMATE AMOUNT OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT BENEATH SKIN

SKINFOLD MEASUREMENT

USED PORTABLE INSTRUMENT TO CONDUCT ELECTRICAL CURRENT THROUGH BODY TO ESTIMATE FAT

BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE

FORM OF ASSESSMENT BASED ON HYPOTHESIS THAT TISSUES THAT ARE HIGH IN WATER CONTENT CONDUCT ELECTRICAL CURRENTS WITH LESS RESISTANCE THAN THOSE WITH LITTLE WATER (SUCH AS ADIPOSE TISSUE)

BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE

MOST COMMON TECHNIQUE USED IN EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORIES TO DETERMINE BODY COMPOSITION

UNDERWATER WEIGHING (HYDROSTATIC WEIGHING)

MAIN PRINCIPLE BEHIND HYDROSTATIC WEIGHING

BONE, MUSCLE AND CONNECTIVE TISSUES (LEAN MASS) SINK | WHEREAS BODY FAT FLOATS

IN HYDROSTATIC WEIGHING PERSONS WT IS COMPARED TO WHAT ?

PERSONS WT UNDERWATER TO DETERMINE FAT %

INDIRECT MEASURE OF THICKENESS OF SUBCUTANANEUOS ADIPOSE TISSUE

SKINFOLD (SKF)

WHEN TAKING SKINFOLD, MUST TAKE A MINIMUM OF HOW MANY MEASUREMENTS AT EACH SITE AND EACH SITE MUST BE WITHIN EACH OTHER ?

TAKE MIN. 2 MEASUREMENTS AT EACH SITE, EACH SITE MUST BE WITHIN 1-2 MM

T OR F: YOU SHOULD TAKE SKF'S IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE

FALSE

YOU SHOULD AVOID PERFORMING SKF'S ON WHAT CLIENTS ?

EXTREMELY OBESE CLIENTS

NASM USES WHAT FORMULA TO CALCULATE CLIENTS % OF BODY FAT AT 4 SITES IN UPPER BODY ?

DURNIN FORMULA (DURNING-WOMERSLEY FORMULA)

HOW TO GET FAT % OF BICEP

VERTICAL FOLD ON FRONT OF ARM OVER BICEP MUSCLE, HALFWAY BETWEEN SHOULDER AND ELBOW

HOW TO GET FAT % OF TRICEP

VERTICAL FOLD ON BACK OF UPPER ARM, HALFWAY BETWEEN SHOULDER AND ELBOW

HOW TO GET SUBSCAPULAR FAT %

45* ANGLE FOLD OF 1-2 CM, BELOW INFERIOR ANGLE OF SCAPULA

HOW TO GET ILIAC CREST FAT %

45* ANGLE FOLD, ABOVE ILIAC CREST AND MEDIAL TO AXILLARY LINE

T OR F: USING DURNIN FORMULA, ALL SKIN FOLDS SHOULD BE TAKE ON LEFT SIDE OF BODY

FALSE, ON RIGHT SIDE OF BODY

HOW TO FIND TOTAL FAT% USING DURNIN FORMULA

MEASURE 4 SITES, ADD TOTALS OF 4 SITES, FIND APPROPRIATE SEX AND AGE CATEGORIES FOR BODY COMPOSITION ON DURNIN CALCULATION TABLE

BENEFIT OF ASSESSING BODY COMPOSITION

ABILITY TO DETERMINE APPROX. HOW MUCH OF INDIVIDUALS BODY WT COMES FROM FAT AND HOW MUCH OF IT IS LEAN BODY MASS

FORMULA TO ASSESS FAT MAS

BODY FAT % X SCALE WT = FAT MASS

FORMULA TO CALCULATE LEAN BODY MASS

SCALE WT - FAT MASS = LEAN BODY MASS

MEASURE OF GIRTH OF BODY SEGMENTS (ARM, THIGH, WAIST, AND HIP)

CIRCUMFERENCE

CIRCUMFERENCE METHODS ARE AFFECTED BY WHAT ?

AFFECTED BY FAT AND MUSCLE, DO NOT PROVIDE ACCURATE ESTIMATES OF FATNESS IN GENERAL POPULATION

T OR F: BENEFIT OF CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS IS THAT IT CAN BE USED ON OBESE CLIENTS

TRUE

USED FOR WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, INEXPENSIVE, EASY TO RECORD, USED FOR WAIT TO HIP RATIO (WHR), GOOD FOR COMPARISONS AND PROGRESS

CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS

MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR TO CONSIDER WHEN TAKING CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS IS WHAT ?

CONSISTENCY

CIRCUMFERENCE FOR NECK

ACROSS ADAMS APPLE

CIRCUMFERENCE FOR CHEST

ACROSS NIPPLE LINE

CIRCUMFERENCE FOR WAIST

NARROW PART OF WAIST, BELOW RIB CAGE AND JUST ABOVE TOP OF HIPBONES, IF NO NARROWING MEASURE AT NAVAL

POSITION OF BODY TO OBTAIN CIRCUMFERENCE OF HIPS

FEET TOGETHER, MEASURE AT WIDEST PORTION OF BUTTOCKS

CIRCUMFERENCE OF THIGHS

MEASURE 10 IN. ABOVE TOP OF PATELLA

CIRCUMFERENCE OF CALVES

BETWEEN ANKLE AND KNEE

CIRCUMFERENCE OF BICEPS

WITH ARM EXTENDED PALM FACING FORWARD AT BICEP

MOST USED CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF GIRTH MEASUREMENTS

WAIST TO HIP RATIO

THIS ASSESSMENT IS IMPORTANT B/C THERE IS CORRELATION B/W CHRONIC DISEASE AND FAT STORED IN MIDSECTION

WAIST TO HIP RATIO

COMPUTED BY DIVIDING WAIST MEASUREMENT BY HIP MEASUREMENT

WAIST TO HIP RATIO

WAIST TO HIP RATIO MEASUREMENT

MEASURE SMALLEST PART OF CLIENT WAIST AND LARGEST PART OF CLIENTS HIPS, DIVIDE WAIST MEASUREMENTS

ROUGH ASSESSMENT BASED ON CONCEPT THAT PERSONS WT SHOULD BE PROPORTIONAL TO HT; NOT DESIGNED TO ASSESS BODY FAT

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

T OR F: ELEVATED BMI IS LINKED TO INCREASED RISK OF DISEASE

TRUE

2 FORMULAS TO CALCULATE BMI

1. WT (KG)/ HT (M^2) = BMI | 2. [WT (LBS)/ HT (IN^2)] X 703 = BMI

LOWEST RISK OF DISEASE LIES WITHIN A BMI RANGE OF WHAT ?

22- 24.9

T OR F: INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE UNDERWEIGHT ARE ALSO AT RISK OF DISEASE

TRUE

USEFUL TOOL TO SCREEN GENERAL POP., BUT ONE WEAKNESS IS THAT IT FAILS TO DIFFERENTIATE FAT MASS FROM LEAN BODY MASS

BMI

HELP PT IDENTIFY SAFE AND EFFECTIVE STARTING EXERCISE INTENSITIES

CARDIORESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

MOST VALID MEASUREMENT FOR FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM IS WHAT ?

CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING (CPET) ALSO KNOWN AS MAXIMAL O2 UPTAKE (VO2MAX)

WHY IS IT NOT PRACTICAL TO MEASURE VO2MAX ?

B/C OF EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS, TIME INVOLVED, AND WILLINGNESS OF CLIENTS

PREFERRED METHOD FOR DETERMINING CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND FITNESS

SUBMAXIMAL TESTS

ALLOWS FOR ESTIMATE OF VO2MAX; TERMINATED AT PREDETERMINED HR INTENSITY OR TIME FRAME

SUBMAXIMAL TEST

OFTEN CATEGORIZED BY TYPE (RUN/WALK WESTS, CYCLE ERGOMETER TESTS, AND STEP TEST)

SUBMAXIMAL TEST

2 MOST COMMON SUBMAXIMAL TEST FOR ASSESSING CARDIORESPIRATORY EFFICIENCY

YMCA 3 MINUTE STEP TEST AND ROCK PORT WALK TEST

DESIGNED TO ESTIMATE AN INDIVIDUALS CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS LEVEL ON BASIS OF SUBMAXIMAL BOUT OF STAIR CLIMBING AT A SET PACE OF 3 MINUTES

YMCA 3 MINUTE STEP TEST

DESIGNED TO ESTIMATE CARDIOVASCULAR STARTING POINT, STARTING POINT THEN MODIFIED BASED ON ABILITY LEVEL

ROCKPORT WALK TEST

CLIENT WALKS 1 MILE AS FAST AS POSSIBLE ON TREADMILL, RECORD TIME IT TAKES CLIENT TO COMPLETE WALK AND RECORD CLIENTS HR AT 1 MILE MARK

ROCKPORT WALK TEST

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CH.6 FITNESS ASSESSMENT Flashcards

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