CH.16 CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL OR FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS Flashcards
REFERS TO CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS B/W AGES 6-20
YOUTH
CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS STATE THAT CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS SHOULD GET HOW MUCH TIME OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY ?
60 MINUTES (1 HOUR)
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS SHOULD ENGAGE IN WHAT DAILY TO IMPROVE THEIR HEALTH AND REDUCE THEIR RISK OF DEVELOPING CHRONIC DISEASE ?
ENGAGE IN AEROBIC, MUSCLE STRENGTHENING, AND BONE STRENGTHENING ACTIVITIES DAILY
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SPORT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION (NASPE) RECOMMENDS THAT CHILDREN AGES 5-12 GET HOW MANY MINUTES OF EXERCISE ?
60 MINUTES AND UP TO SEVERAL HOURS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DAILY
T OR F: OPT MODEL USED WITH YOUTHS, PROGRESS IS SPECIFIC TO THEIR PHYSIOLOGIC CAPABILITIES
TRUE
CHILDREN DO NOT TYPICALLY EXHIBIT A PLATEAU IN WHAT AT MAXIMAL EXERCISE ?
IN OXYGEN UPTAKE
MORE APPROPRIATE TERM THAN VO2MAX OR MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE WHEN DEALING WITH CHILDREN
PEAK OXYGEN UPTAKE
ADJUSTED FOR BODY WT, PEAK OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IS SIMILAR FOR YOUNG AND MATURE MALE AND HOW FOR FEMALES ?
SLIGHTLY HIGHER FOR YOUNG FEMALES (COMPARED W/ MATURE FEMALES)
CHILDREN ARE LESS EFFICIENT AND TEND TO EXERCISE AT HIGHER % OF THEIR PEAK OXYGEN UPTAKE DURING SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE COMPARED TO ADULTS
SUBMAXIMAL OXYGEN DEMAND (OR ECONOMY OF MOVEMENT)
CHILDREN DO NOT PRODUCE SUFFICIENT LEVELS OF WHAT TO BE ABLE TO SUSTAIN BOUTS OF HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE
GLYCOLYTIC ENZYMES
CHILDREN HAVE IMMATURE WHAT, INCLUDING BOTH A DELAYED RESPONSE AND LIMITED ABILITY TO SWEAT IN RESPONSE TO HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS ?
IMMATURE THERMOREGULATORY SYSTEMS
B/C OF THEIR RELATIVELY HIGH PEAK O2 UPTAKE LEVELS, CHILDREN CAN PERFORM ENDURANCE ACTIVITIES FAIRLY WELL, ENABLING THEM TO TRAIN IN WHAT LEVEL OF OPT MODEL ?
STABILIZATION LEVEL (PHASE 1)
CHILDREN DO NOT TOLERATE EXERCISE IN HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS B/C THEY HAVE HIGHER WHAT AND LOWER ABSOLUTE SWEATING RATE WHEN COMPARED TO ADULTS ?
HIGHER SUBMAXIMAL O2 DEMANDS
VIGOROUS EXERCISE IN HOT, HUMID ENVIRONMENTS SHOULD BE RESTRICTED FOR CHILDREN TO LESS THAN HOW MUCH TIME, INCLUDING FREQUENT REST PERIODS?
LESS THAN 30 MINUTES
CHILDREN ARE AT DISTINCT DISADVANTAGE WHEN PARTICIPATING IN SHORT DURATION (10-90 SECS) HIGH INTENSITY ANAEROBIC ACTIVITIES B/C THEY PRODUCE LESS WHAT THAT ARE REQUIRED TO SUPPORT SUSTAINED ANAEROBIC POWER ?
LESS GLYCOLYTIC ENZYMES
RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR HEALTH AND FITNESS CONDITIONING IN YOUTH ALSO RESULTS IN LOWER WHAT ?
RISK OF INJURY
MOST COMMON INJURIES ASSOCIATED W/ RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUTH ARE WHAT, USUALLY ATTRIBUTED TO LACK OF SUPERVISION, POOR TECHNIQUE AND IMPROPER PROGRESSION ?
SPRAINS (INJURY TO LIGAMENTS) AND STRAINS (INJURY TO TENDON OR MUSCLE)
UNTRAINED CHILDREN CAN IMPROVE THEIR STRENGTH BY AN AVERAGE OF 30-40% AFTER HOW MANY WEEKS OF PROGRESSIVE RESISTANCE TRAINING ?
8 WEEKS
RESISTANCE TRAINING IN YOUTH HAS BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE WHAT ?
MOTOR SKILLS SUCH AS SPRINTING AND JUMPING, BODY COMPOSITION AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY
IMPROVEMENT IN STRENGTH AND PERFORMANCE AFTER RESISTANCE TRAINING PROGRAM IN YOUTH APPEAR TO BE OWING TO WHAT VERSUS MUSCULAR HYPERTROPHY ?
NEURAL ADAPTATIONS
PROGRESSION INTO PHASES 2-5 FOR A YOUTH CLIENT SHOULD BE DECIDED ON BASIS OF WHAT ?
MATURITY LEVEL, DYNAMIC POSTURAL CONTROL (FLEXIBILITY AND STABILITY) AND HOW THEY HAVE RESPONDED TO TRAINING
AS AMERICAS POPULATION AGES, WE ARE FACED W/ DEALING W/ ISSUES SUCH AS WHAT ?
MORTALITY, LONGEVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE
TYPICAL FORMS OF DEGENERATION ASSOCIATED W/ AGING INCLUDE WHAT ?
OSTEOPOROSIS
ARTHRITIS (OSTEOARTHRITIS)
LBP
AND OBESITY
RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR YOUTHS; SETS, REPS AND DAYS PER WEEK
1-2 SETS
8-1 REPS @40-70%
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK
MODERATE TO VIGOROUS CARDIO EXERCISE TRAINING TIME AND DAYS/WEEK
5-7 DAYS/ WEEK
60 MINUTES
GENERAL TERM THAT REFERS TO HARDENING (AND LOSS OF ELASTICITY) OF ARTERIES
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
BUILDUP OF FATTY PLAQUES IN ARTERIES THAT LEADS TO NARROWING AND REDUCED BLOOD FLOW
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
GROUP OF DISEASES IN WHICH BLOOD VESSELS BECOME RESTRICTED OR BLOCKED, TYPICALLY AS A RESULT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
MEANING RELATED TO DISEASE
PATHOLOGIC
PROCESS OF AGING THAT LEADS TO GREATER RESISTANCE BLOOD FLOW AND HIGHER BP
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
CAUSED LARGELY BY POOR LIFESTYLE CHOICES (SMOKING, OBESITY, SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, ETC), LEADS TO INCREASED RESISTANCE AND BP
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
DISEASE RELATED CAUSE OF HTN, TYPICAL IN ARTERY OF LOWER LEG
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
PREHYPERTENSIVE BP
BP B/W 120/80 AND 139/89
T OR F: ALL INDIVIDUALS REGARDLESS OF THEIR AGE WHO HAVE A BP READING OF 140/90 OR HIGHER SHOULD BE REFERRED TO A PHYSICIAN FOR FURTHER EVAL
TRUE
NORMAL PHYSIOLOGIC AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED W/ AGING
REDUCTION IN: MAXIMAL ATTAINABLE HR CARDIAC OUTPUT MUSCLE MASS BALANCE COORDINATION (NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY) CONNECTIVE TISSUE ELASTICITY BONE MINERAL DENSITY
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AND FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES AFFECTED W/ DEGENERATIVE AGING IS WHAT ?
WALKING
INDIVIDUALS W/ ONE OR MORE DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS TEND TO AVOID ENGAGING IN ACTIVITIES SUCH HAS RESISTANCE TRAINING B/C OF WHAT ?
FEAR OF INJURY OR FEELINGS ON INADEQUACY
LOSS OF MUSCLE STRENGTH AND NEURAL PROPRIOCEPTION CAN BE SLOWED AND EVEN REVERSED THROUGH WHAT ?
PARTICIPATION IN ROUTINE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE
HELP PROVIDE INFO ABOUT AN INDIVIDUALS QUALITY OF MOVEMENT AS WELL AS ABILITY TO PERFORM ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING
SENIOR FITNESS TEST
IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION W/ OLDER ADULTS B/C THEY TEND TO LOSE ELASTICITY OF THEIR CONNECTIVE TISSUE WHICH REDUCES MOVEMENT AND INCREASES RISK OF INJURY
FLEXIBILITY ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING
WHAT TYPE OF STRETCHING IS ADVISED FOR OLDER ADULTS
SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE AND STATIC STRETCHING
RECOMMENDED FOR SENIORS TO HELP CLIENT TO START MOVING THEIR JOINTS DURING WARM UP
SIMPLE FORMS OF ACTIVE OR DYNAMIC STRETCHING
APPROPRIATE LEVELS OF CARDIO TRAINING FOR SENIOR POPULATION
STAGES 1 AND STAGES 2
WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL WILL BE APPLICABLE TO SENIOR POPULATION AND SHOULD BE PROGRESSED SLOWLY, WITH EMPHASIS ON STABILIZATION TRAINING (CORE, BALANCE, AND PROGRESSION TO STANDING RESISTANCE EXERCISE) ?
PHASE 1
INITIAL EXERCISE LOADS FOR SENIORS, DAYS/WEEK, DURATION AND INTENSITY
SHOULD BE LOW AND PROGRESSED MORE GRADUALLY TO 3-5 DAYS/ WEEK
20-45 MINS 45-80% OF PEAK
RESISTANCE TRAINING RECOMMENDED FOR SENIORS; SETS, REPS AND LENGTH
2-1-3 SETS OF 8-10 EXERCISES
8-20 REPS
20-30 MINS
CARDIO OPTIONS FOR SENIORS
STATIONARY OR RECUMBENT CYCLING, AQUATIC EXERCISE, OR TREADMILL WITH HANDRAIL SUPPORT
BASIC EXERCISE FREQUENCY FOR SENIORS
3-5 DAYS/ WEEK MODERATE INTENSITY OR
3 DAYS/WEEK OF VIGOROUS INTENSITY
BASIC EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR SENIORS
40-85% OF VO2 PEAK
BASIC EXERCISE DURATION FOR SENIORS
30-60 MINS/DAY OR
8-10 MINS BOUTS
BASIC EXERCISE MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT FOR SENIORS
PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT OR
SITTING AND STANDING INTO CHAIR
SINGLE LEG BALANCE
BASIC EXERCISE FLEXIBILITY FOR SENIORS
SELF MYOFASCIALRELEASE AND STATIC STRETCHING
DURING BASIC EXERCISE, IF A SENIOR CANNOT TOLERATE SMR OR STATIC STRETCHES B/C OF OTHER CONDITIONS, THEY CAN PERFORM WHAT ?
RHYTHMIC ACTIVE OR DYNAMIC STRETCHES
CONDITION OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT EXCEEDING THE AMOUNT OF LEAN BODY MASS
OBESITY
FASTEST GROWING HEALTH PROBLEM IN AMERICA AS WELL AS IN ALL OTHER INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES
OBESITY
APPROX. WHAT % OF AMERICANS ARE OVERWEIGHT ?
34% (APPROX. 72 MILLION)
COMPLEX DISEASE, ASSOCIATED W/ VARIETY OF CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS AS WELL AS EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS
OBESITY
USED TO ESTIMATE HEALTHY BODY WT RANGES BASED ON A PERSONS HT
BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
DEFINED AS TOTAL BODY WT IN KG DIVIDED BY HT IN METERS SQUARED
BMI
BMI DOES NOT ACTUALLY MEASURE BODY COMPOSITION, OTHER TECHNIQUES SUCH AS WHAT MAY BE PERFORMED TO ASSIST IN DEVELOPING REALISTIC WT LOSS GOALS AND TO HELP PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO CLIENTS
SKIN FOLD OR CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS
AVOIDED FOR OBESE INDIVIDUALS B/C ASSESSING BODY FAT CAN BE SENSITIVE SITUATION
SKIN FOLD CALIPERS
NORMAL LIMITS BMI
18.5-24.9
OVERWEIGHT BMI RANGE
25 - 29.9
OBESE BMI
30 OR GREATER
PRIMARY CAUSE PROBLEM OF OBESITY
ENERGY BALANCE (TOO MANY CALORIES CONSUMED AND TOO FEW EXPANDED)
ADULTS WHO REMAIN SEDENTARY THROUGHOUT LIFE SPAN WILL LOSE HOW MUCH MUSCLE AND ADD HOW MUCH FAT PER DECADE ?
LOSE APPROX. 5 LBS OF MUSCLE PER DECADE
GAIN 15 LBS OF FAT PER DECADE
AVERAGE ADULT WILL EXPERIENCE A 15% FAT FREE MASS (FFM) B/W WHAT AGES ?
30-80
T OR F: THEIR IS A CORRELATION B/W BODY WT AND MECHANICS OF THEIR GAIT
TRUE
EXERCISE TRAINING FOR OBESE CLIENTS SHOULD FOCUS PRIMARILY ON WHAT ?
ENERGY EXPENDITURE, BALANCE, AND PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING TO HELP EXPAND CALORIES AND IMPROVE THEIR BALANCE AND GAIT
MORE CALORIES ARE POTENTIALLY EXPANDED BY PERFORMING EXERCISES HOW ?
PROPRIOCEPTIVELY ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT (CONTROLLED, UNSTABLE) , BODY IS FORCED TO RECRUIT MORE MUSCLES TO STABILIZE ITSELF
FOR EFFECTIVE WT LOSS, OBESE CLIENTS SHOULD EXPAND HOW MANY CALORIES PER EXERCISE SESSION ?
200-300 KCAL (CALORIES)
FOR OBESE CLIENT, MINIMUM WEEKLY GOAL OF CALORIES OF ENERGY EXPENDITURE FROM COMBINED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE
1250 KCAL
FOR OBESE CLIENT, THE INITIAL EXERCISE ENERGY EXPENDITURE GOAL SHOULD BE PROGRESSIVELY INCREASED TO HOW MANY CALORIES PER WEEK ?
2000 KCAL/WEEK
FOR AN OBESE CLIENT, RESISTANCE TRAINING CAN GRADUALLY BE ADDED TO ANY EXERCISE PROGRAM DESIGNED TO PROMOTE WT LOSS, BUT WHAT SHALL REMAIN A PRIORITY ?
SUSTAINED LONG TERM AEROBIC ENDURANCE ACTIVITIES
T OR F: CIRCUIT STYLE RESISTANCE TRAINING, WHEN COMPARED TO WALKING AT A FAST PACE, PRODUCES NEARLY IDENTICAL CALORIC EXPENDITURE RATES IN THE SAME GIVEN SPAN
TRUE
IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF ANY WT LOSS PROGRAM B/C IT HELPS INCREASE LEAN BODY MASS, WHICH EVENTUALLY RESULTS IN HIGHER METABOLIC RATE AND IMPROVED BODY COMPOSITION
RESISTANCE TRAINING
WHAT TYPE OF ASSESSMENT MAY BE MORE APPROPRIATE FOR AN OBESE CLIENT RATHER THAN A SINGLE LEG SQUAT ?
SINGLE LEG BALANCE
USED WITH CAUTION OR EVEN AVOIDED OR PERFORMED AT HOME W/ OBESE CLIENTS ?
SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE
IMPORTANT FOR OBESE CLIENTS B/C THEY LACK BALANCE AND WALKING SPEED
CORE AND BALANCE TRAINING
WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL WILL BE APPROPRIATE FOR OBESE POPULATION
PHASES 1 AND 2 `
WHAT IS RECOMMENDED TO OBESE CLIENTS TO DECREASE ORTHOPEDIC STRESS ?
ENGAGE IN WT SUPPORTED EXERCISE (CYCLING OR SWIMMING)
INITIAL PROGRAMMING FOR OBESE CLIENT; DURATION AND FREQUENCY
LOW INTENSITY, PROGRESSION IN EXERCISE DURATION (UP TO 60 MINS AS TOLERABLE)
5-7 DAYS/ WEEK
EXERCISE INTENSITY FOR OBESE CLIENT
NO GREATER THAN 60-80% OF WORK CAPACITY
WHAT CAN YOU USE TO DETERMINE EXERTION IN AN OBESE CLIENT ?
TALK TEST
DURATION OF EXERCISE FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT
40-60 MINS/ DAY
20-30 MINS SESSIONS TWICE EACH DAY
ASSESSMENT OF BASIC EXERCISE FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT
PUSH, PULL, SQUAT
SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERATED)
RESISTANCE TRAINING FOR OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE CLIENT; SETS, REPS AND FREQUENCY
1-3 SETS
10-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK
PHASES 1 AND 2 WILL BE APPROPRIATE FOR AN OVERWT OR OBESE CLIENT LOOKING TO LOSE WT IF PERFORMED HOW ?
CIRCUIT TRAINING MANNER (HIGH REPS SUCH AS 20)
CHRONIC METABOLIC DISORDER, CAUSED BY INSULIN DEFICIENCY, WHICH IMPAIRS CARBOHYDRATE USAGE AND ENHANCES USAGE OF FAT AND PROTEIN
DIABETES
BODY DOES NOT PRODUCE ENOUGH INSULIN
TYPE 1 DIABETES
BODY CANNOT RESPOND NORMALLY TO INSULIN THAT IS MADE
TYPE 2 DIABETES
SEVENTH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN US, AND IS ASSOCIATED W/ GREATER RISK FOR HEART DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, AND ADULT ONSET BLINDNESS
DIABETES
PEOPLE WHO DEVELOP DIABETES BEFORE THE AGE OF 30 ARE HOW MANY TIMES MORE LIKELY TO DIE BY AGE 40
20 TIMES
INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES
TYPE 1
NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES
TYPE 2
T OR F: SOME INDIVIDUALS W/ TYPE 2 DIABETES CANNOT MANAGE THEIR BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND DO REQUIRE ADDITIONAL INSULIN
TRUE
TYPE 2 DIABETES IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED W/ AN INCREASE IN WHAT ?
CHILDHOOD AND ADULT ONSET OBESITY
TYPE OF DIABETES TYPICALLY DIAGNOSED IN CHILDREN’S, TEENAGERS OR YOUNG ADULTS
TYPE 1 DIABETES
TYPE OF DIABETES WHERE SPECIALIZED CELLS IN PANCREASES CALLED BETA CELLS STOP PRODUCING INSULIN, CAUSING BGL TO RISE RESULTING IN HYPERGLYCEMIA
TYPE 1 DIABETES
TO CONTROL HIGH LEVELS OF BGL, INDIVIDUAL WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MUST INJECT WHAT TO COMPENSATE FOR WHAT THE PANCREAS CANNOT PRODUCE ?
INSULIN
EXERCISE INCREASE THE RATE AT WHICH CELLS UTILIZE WHAT, WHICH MAY MEAN INSULIN LEVELS MAY NEED TO BE ADJUSTED WITH EXERCISE ?
GLUCOSE
TYPE OF DIABETES WHERE THEY USUALLY PRODUCE ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF INSULIN; HOWEVER THEIR CELLS ARE RESISTANT TO INSULIN (INSULIN PRESENT CANNOT TRANSFER ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF BLOOD SUGAR INTO CELL)
TYPE 2 DIABETES
TYPE 1 DIABETES CAN LEAD TO WHAT ?
HYPERGLYCEMIA
TYPE 2 DIABETES CAN LEAD TO WHAT ?
HYPOGLYCEMIA
CHRONIC WHAT IS ASSOCIATED W/ # OF DISEASES ASSOCIATED W/ DAMAGE TO KIDNEYS, HEART, NERVES, EYES AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
HYPERGLYCEMIA
MOST IMPORTANT GOALS OF EXERCISE FOR INDIVIDUALS W/ EITHER TYPE OF DIABETES
GLUCOSE CONTROL AND WT LOSS
EXERCISE TRAINING HAS A SIMILAR ACTION TO INSULIN BY ENHANCING WHAT ?
UPTAKE OF CIRCULATING GLUCOSE BY EXERCISING SKELETAL MUSCLE
RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT EXERCISE IMPROVES A VARIETY OF GLUCOSE MEASURES INCLUDING WHAT ?
TISSUE SENSITIVITY
IMPROVED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
DECREASE IN INSULIN REQUIREMENTS
EXERCISE MANAGEMENT GOALS FOR INDIVIDUALS W/ DIABETES ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE FOR WHAT ?
PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AND EXCESS BODY WT
FOR A CLIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES, WHY IS DAILY EXERCISE RECOMMENDED ?
MORE STABLE GLUCOSE MANAGEMENT AND MAXIMAL CALORIC EXPENDITURE
FOR A CLIENT W/ DIABETES FLEXIBILITY EXERCISE MAY BE SUGGESTED BUT WHAT MAY BE CONTRAINDICATED FOR ANYONE W/ PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY ?
SELF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE
LOSS OF PROTECTIVE SENSATION IN FEET AND LEGS
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
PHASE OF OPT MODEL APPROPRIATE FOR DIABETES CLIENTS ?
PHASE 1 AND 2
WHAT TYPE OF TRAINING MAY BE INAPPROPRIATE FOR A DIABETIC CLIENT ?
PLYOMETRIC TRAINING
FOR A CLIENT W/ TYPE 2 DIABETES A TRAINING PROGRAM SHOULD TARGET A WEEKLY CALORIC GOAL OF HOW MANY CALORIES ?
1000-2000 KCAL
T OR F: HYPOGLYCEMIA MAY OCCUR SEVERAL HOURS AFTER EXERCISE AS WELL AS DURING EXERCISE
TRUE
FOR THOSE RECENTLY DIAGNOSED W/ DIABETES THEIR GLUCOSE SHOULD BE MEASURED WHEN ?
BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER EXERCISE
CLIENTS TAKING WHAT MEDICATIONS MAY BE UNABLE TO RECOGNIZE S/S OF HYPOGLYCEMIA
B-BLOCKING MEDS
SOME REDUCTION IN WHAT AND INCREASE IN WHAT MAY BE NECESSARY AND PROPORTIONATE TO EXERCISE INTENSITY AND DURATION ?
INSULIN REDUCTION
CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE INCREASE
A DIABETIC PERFORMING EXERCISE IN EXCESSIVE HEAT MAY MASK SIGNS OF WHAT ?
HYPOGLYCEMIA
INITIAL EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR DIABETIC
LOW INTENSITY; NO GREATER THAN 50-90% WORK CAPACITY
DURATION - UP TO 60 MINS AS TOLERABLE
FREQUENCY- 5-7 DAYS/WEEK
DIABETICS ARE INCREASED RISK FOR RETINOPATHY WHICH IS WHAT ?
DISEASE OF RETINA WHICH CAUSES IMPAIRMENT OR LOSS OF VISION
RESISTANCE TRAINING GUIDELINES FOR DIABETICS (SETS, REPS, FREQUENCY)
1-3 SETS
8-10 EXERCISE
10-15 REPS
2-3 DAYS/WEEK
MAY INCREASE RISK FOR GAIT ABNORMALITIES AND INFECTION FROM FOOT BLISTERS THAT MAY GO UNNOTICED
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
FOR A DIABETIC STAGE 1 CARDIO TRAINING (MAY BE ADJUSTED TO 40-70% OF MAX HR IF NEEDED) PROGRESSING TO STAGES 2 & 3 BASED ON WHAT ?
PHYSICIANS APPROVAL
ASSESSMENT FOR DIABETIC CLIENT
PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT
SINGLE LEG BALANCE OR SINGLE LEG SQUAT
CONSISTENTLY ELEVATED ARTERIAL BP, WHICH IF SUSTAINED AT HIGH ENOUGH LEVEL, IS LIKELY TO INDUCE CARDIOVASCULAR OR END ORGAN DAMAGE
HYPERTENSION
PRESSURE EXERTED BY BLOOD AGAINST WALLS OF BLOOD VESSELS, ESPECIALLY ARTERIES
BLOOD PRESSURE
A BP CARIES WITH WHAT ?
STRENGTH OF HEARTBEAT
ELASTICITY OF ARTERIAL WALLS
VOLUME AND VISCOSITY OF BLOOD
AGE,HEALTH AND PHYSICAL CONDITION
HTN IS COMMON MEDICAL DISORDER IN WHICH ARTERIAL BP REMAINS ABNORMALLY HIGH AT WHAT MEASUREMENT ?
RESTING SYSTOLIC GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 140
DIASTOLIC GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 90
PREHYPERTENSIVE RESTING BP
B/W 120/80 AND 135/85
AHA NORMAL BP
LESS THAN 120/80
MOST COMMON CAUSES OF HTN
SMOKING
DIET HIGH IN FAT (SATURATED FAT)
EXCESSIVE WT
HEALTH RISK OF HTN
STROKE
CVD
HEART FAILURE
KIDNEY FAILURE
RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT EXERCISE CAN HAVE A MODEST IMPACT ON LOWERING BP BY AN AVERAGE OF WHAT FOR BOTH SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC ?
10 MMHG
T OR F: LOW TO MODERATE INTENSE CARDIO EXERCISE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE JUST AS EFFECTIVE AS HIGH INTENSITY ACTIVITY IN REDUCING BP
TRUE
PT’S SHOULD EVALUATE A HTN CLIENTS HR RESPONSE TO EXERCISE, AS MEASURED DURING WHAT >
SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE TEST OR EVEN DURING A SIMPLE ASSESSMENT OF HR DURING COMFORTABLE EXERCISE LOAD
WHAT POSITIONS CAN OFTEN INCREASE BP ?
SUPINE OR PRONE (ESPECIALLY WHEN HEAD IS LOWER IN ELEVATION THAN HEART)
MANEUVER IN WHICH PERSON TRUES TO EXHALE FORCIBLY W/ A CLOSED GLOTTIS (WINDPIPE) SO THAT NO AIR EXITS THROUGH THE MOUTH OR NOSE (EX: LIFTING HEAVY WT)
VALSALVA MANEUVER
IMPEDES RETURN OF VENOUS BLOOD TO HEART
VALSALVA MANEUVER
WHEN DEALING WITH A HTN CLIENT, EXERCISE SHOULD BE PERFORMED HOW IF POSSIBLE ?
SEATED OR STANDING
HTN CLIENTS MAY USE THE FULL FLEXIBILITY CONTINUUM; WHICH MAY BE THE EASIEST AND SAFEST ?
STATIC AND ACTIVE STRETCHING
CARDIO ENDURANCE TRAINING SHOULD FOCUS ON STAGE 1 AND PROGRESS ONLY AFTER WHAT ?
PHYSICIANS APPROVAL
FOR A HTN CLIENT, CORE EXERCISE ARE PREFERRED HOW ?
STANDING POSITION
A CLIENT WITH HTN SHOULD PERFORM RESISTANCE TRAINING IN WHAT POSITION ?
SEATED OR STANDING
WHAT PHASE OF OPT MODEL IS APPROPRIATE FOR HTN CLIENT ?
PHASES 1 AND 2, SHOULD BE PROGRESSED SLOWLY
RECOMMENDED THAT TRAINING PROGRAM FOR A HTN CLIENT SHOULD BE PERFORMED HOW ?
CIRCUIT STYLE OR PERIPHERAL HEART ACTION (PHA) TRAINING SYSTEM TO DISTRIBUTE BLOOD FLOW TB/W UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES
PT’S SHOULD ALWAYS ENSURE CLIENTS W/ HTN TO TRY AND BREATH NORMAL AND AVOID WHAT ?
VALSALVA MANEUVER OR OVERGRIPPING (SQUEEZING TOO TIGHT); CAN DRAMATICALLY INCREASE BP
AEROBIC EXERCISE PARAMETERS FOR HTN CLIENT
LOW INTENSITY (50-85% OF WORK CAPACITY)
MIN. 3-5 DAYS/WEEK
20-45 MINS/ DAY
IF WT LOSS DESIRED - INCREASE IN OVERALL VOLUME OF EXERCISE
EXERCISE FOR A HTN CLIENT SHOULD TARGET A WEEKLY CALORIC GOAL OF HOW MANY CALORIES ?
1500-2000 KCAL
SOME MEDICATIONS SUCH AS WHAT FOR HTN WILL ATTENUATE (REDUCE) HR AT REST AND ITS RESPONSE TO EXERCISE
B-BLOCKER MEDS
FOR CLIENTS W/ HTN TAKING MEDS THAT WILL INFLUENCE HR, USE ACTUAL HR RESPONSE OR WHAT TEST ?
TALK TEST
ACCEPTED BP CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR EXERCISE IS WHAT ?
200/115
BASIC EXERCISE ASSESSMENT FOR HTN CLIENT
PUSH, PULL, OH SQUAT
SINGLE LEG BALANCE (IF TOLERATED)
RESISTANCE TRAINING PARAMETERS FOR HTN CLIENT (SETS, REPS, FREQUENCY, TEMPO)
1-3 SETS
10-20 REPS
2-3 DAYS/ WEEK
TEMPO: SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1 SEC FOR ISOMETRIC AND CONCENTRIC PORTIONS (4/1/1)
