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NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE > CH.5 HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE > Flashcards

CH.5 HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE Flashcards

1
Q

SCIENCE CONCERNED WITH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES ACTING ON THE HUMAN BODY AND EFFECTS PRODUCED BY THESE FORCES

A

BIOMECHANICS

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2
Q

POSITIONED ABOVE POINT OF REFERENCE

A

SUPERIOR

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3
Q

POSITIONED BELOW POINT OF REFERENCE

A

INFERIOR

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4
Q

POSITIONED NEAREST CENTER OF BODY OR POINT OF REFERENCE

A

PROXIMAL

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5
Q

POSITIONED FURTHEST FROM CENTER OF BODY OR POINT OF REFERENCE

A

DISTAL

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6
Q

FRONT OF BODY

A

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL)

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7
Q

BACK OF BODY

A

POSTERIOR (DORSAL)

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8
Q

POSITIONED NEAR MIDDLE OF BODY

A

MEDIAL

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9
Q

POSITIONED TOWARD OUTSIDE OF BODY

A

LATERAL

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10
Q

POSITIONED ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF BODY

A

CONTRALATERAL

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11
Q

POSITIONED ON SAME SIDE OF BODY

A

IPSILATERAL

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12
Q

3 IMAGINARY PLANES THAT ARE POSITIONED THROUGH THE BODY AT RIGHT ANGLES SO THEY INTERSECT THE CENTER OF MASS OF BODY

A

SAGITTAL, FRONTAL, AND TRANSVERSE

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13
Q

T OF F: NO MOTION OCCURS STRICTLY IN ONE PLANE OF MOTION

A

TRUE

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14
Q

TERMED FOR THEIR ACTION IN EACH OF THE 3 PLANES OF MOTION

A

JOINT MOTIONS

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15
Q

POSITION WITH THE BODY ERECT WITH ARMS AT SIDES AND PALMS FORWARD; OF IMPORTANCE IN ANATOMY BECAUSE IT IS THE POSITION OF REFERENCE FOR ANATOMIC NOMENCLATURE

A

ANATOMIC POSITION

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16
Q

IMAGINARY BISECTOR THAT DIVIDES BODY INTO LEFT AND RIGHT HALVES

A

SAGITTAL PLANE

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17
Q

BENDING MOVEMENT IN WHICH THE RELATIVE ANGLE B/W 2 ADJACENT SEGMENT DECREASES

A

FLEXION

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18
Q

MOTION THAT OCCURS AROUND A CORONAL AXIS

A

SAGITTAL PLANE

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19
Q

FLEXION AND EXTENSION ARE MOVEMENTS THAT HAPPEN IN WHAT PLANE ?

A

SAGITTAL PLANE

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20
Q

EXERCISE EXAMPLES THAT HAPPEN IN SAGITTAL PLANE

A

BICEP CURL, TRICEP PUSHDOWN, SQUAT, FRONT LUNGE, CALF RAISE, WALKING, RUNNING, VERTICAL JUMPING, CLIMBING STAIRS

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21
Q

FRONTAL PLANE AXIS

A

ANTERIOR POSTERIOR

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22
Q

TRANSVERSE PLANE AXIS

A

LONGITUDINAL

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23
Q

FRONTAL PLANE MOTIONS

A

ADDUCTION/ ABDUCTION
LATERAL FLEXION
EVERSION/ INVERSION

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24
Q

TRANSVERSE MOTION

A

INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, LEFT/ RIGHT ROTATIONS, HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION/ ABDUCTION

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25
EXERCISE EXAMPLES THAT HAPPEN IN FRONTAL PLANE
SIDE LATERAL RAISE, SIDE LUNGE, SIDE SHUFFLE
26
EXERCISE EXAMPLES THAT HAPPEN IN TRANSVERSE PLANE
TRUNK ROTATION, THROWING, GOLFING, SWINGING A BAT
27
TOES POINTED UP TOWARDS BODY
DORSIFLEXION
28
TOES POINTED AWAY FROM BODY
PLANTAR FLEXION
29
FOOT/HEEL BACK UP TOWARDS BUTT
KNEE FLEXION
30
FOOT/ HEEL STRAIGHT DOWN/FORWARD
KNEE EXTENSION
31
STANDING UP, KNEE UP TO 90*
HIP FLEXION: FEMORAL ON PELVIC ROTATION
32
STANDING, BENT OVER
HIP FLEXION: PELVIC ON FEMORAL ROTATION
33
STANDING, HEEL KICKBACK
HIP EXTENSION
34
STANDING, CHEST/CHIN TOWARD ABDOMEN
SPINAL FLEXION
35
STANDING, HEAD/CHIN BACK (SNIFFING)
SPINAL EXTENSION
36
HAND BROUGHT UP TO CHEST
ELBOW FLEXION
37
HAND STRAIGHT DOWN TO SIDE
ELBOW EXTENSION
38
ARM UP ABOVE HEAD
SHOULDER FLEXION
39
ARM DOWN TO BACK
SHOULDER EXTENSION
40
CHIN DOWN TO CHEST
CERVICAL FLEXION
41
CHIN UP AWAY FROM CHEST (SNIFFING)
CERVICAL EXTENSION
42
STRAIGHTENING MOVEMENT IN WHICH THE RELATIVE ANGLE B/W 2 ADJACENT SEGMENTS INCREASES
EXTENSION
43
EXTENSION OF A JOINT BEYOND THE NORMAL LIMIT OR RANGE OF MOTION
HYPEREXTENSION
44
DURING THIS MOTION PELVIS AND SPINE ARE FIXED WHILE FEMUR ROTATES; OCCURS WHEN INDIVIDUAL DECREASES ANGLE B/W FEMUR (THIGH BONE) AND PELVIS OR LUMBAR SPINE
HIP FLEXION (FEMORAL ON PELVIC ROTATION)
45
MOTION WHERE PELVIS AND LUMBAR SPINE ROTATE TOGETHER OVER A FIXED FEMUR; TRUNK BENDS FORWARD (TOUCHING TOES)
HIP FLEXION (PELVIC ON FEMORAL ROTATION)
46
IMAGINARY BISECTOR THAT DIVIDES BODY INTO FRONT AND BACK HALVES
FRONTAL PLANE
47
MOVEMENT IN FRONTAL PLANE AWAY FROM MIDLINE OF BODY
ABDUCTION
48
MOVEMENT IN FRONTAL PLANE BACK TOWARD MIDLINE OF BODY
ADDUCTION
49
IMAGINARY BISECTOR THAT DIVIDES BODY INTO TOP AND BOTTOM HALVES
TRANSVERSE PLANE
50
ROTATION OF JOINT TOWARD MIDDLE OF BODY
INTERNAL ROTATION
51
ROTATION OF JOINT AWAY FROM MIDDLE OF BODY
EXTERNAL ROTATION
52
MOVEMENT OF ARMOR THIGH IN TRANSVERSE PLANE FROM AN ANTERIOR POSITION TO LATERAL POSITION
HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION
53
MOVEMENT OF ARM OR THIGH IN TRANSVERSE PLANE FROM LATERAL POSITION TO ANTERIOR POSITION
HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION
54
ABDUCTION/ ADDUCTION IN LIMBS (RELATIVE TO TRUNK), LATERAL FLEXION OF SPINE, AND EVERSION/ INVERSION AT FOOT AND ANKLE COMPLEX ARE MOVEMENTS THAT OCCUR IN WHAT PLANE ?
FRONTAL PLANE
55
INCREASE IN ANGLE BETWEEN 2 ADJOINING SEGMENTS IN FRONTAL PLANE
ABDUCTION
56
DECREASE IN ANGLE B/W 2 ADJOINING SEGMENTS IN FRONTAL PLANE
ADDUCTION
57
BENDING OF THE SPINE (CERVICAL, THORACIC, OR LUMBAR) FROM SIDE TO SIDE (SIDE BENDING)
LATERAL FLEXION
58
MOVEMENT OF CALCANEUS (HEEL BONE) AND TARSALS (ANKLE BONES) IN FRONTAL PLANE
EVERSION AND INVERSION
59
INTERNAL/ EXTERNAL ROTATION OF LIMBS, RIGHT/ LEFT ROTATION OF HEAD AND TRUNK, HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION/ ADDUCTION OF LIMBS, AND RADIOULNAR (FOREARM) PRONATION AND SUPINATION ARE MOVEMENTS THAT OCCUR IN WHAT PLANE ?
TRANSVERSE PLANE
60
ANKLE OUT AWAY FROM BODY
EVERSION
61
ANKLE IN TOWARDS BODY
INVERSION
62
LEG OUT AWAY FROM BODY
HIP ABDUCTION
63
LEG IN TOWARDS/ ACROSS OTHER LEG
HIP ADDUCTION
64
BENDING SIDE TO SIDE
LATERAL FLEXION
65
ARM UP AND AWAY FROM BODY
SHOULDER ABDUCTION
66
ARM IN TOWARDS BODY
SHOULDER ADDUCTION
67
HEAD BEND TO SIDE
CERVICAL LATERAL FLEXION
68
ADDUCTION OF SCAPULA; SHOULDER BLADES MOVE TOWARD MIDLINE
SCAPULAR RETRACTION
69
ABDUCTION OF SCAPULA; SHOULDER BLADES MOVE AWAY FROM MIDLINE
SCAPULAR PROTRACTION
70
DOWNWARD (INFERIOR) MOTION OF SCAPULA
SCAPULAR DEPRESSION
71
UPWARD (SUPERIOR) MOTION OF SCAPULA
SCAPULAR ELEVATION
72
FOOT ROTATED OUT AWAY FROM MIDLINE
HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION
73
FOOT ROTATED IN TOWARD MIDLINE
HIP INTERNAL ROTATION
74
ARM ROTATED OUT (PALM UP)
RADIOULNAR SUPINATION
75
ARM ROTATED IN (PALM DOWN)
RADIOULNAR PRONATION
76
ARM 90* ROTATED OUT AWAY FROM MIDLINE
SHOULDER EXTERNAL ROTATION
77
ARM 90* ROTATED IN TOWARD MIDLINE
SHOULDER INTERNAL ROTATION
78
ARMS EXTENDED OUT, AWAY FROM MIDLINE
SHOULDER HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION
79
ARMS STRAIGHT, BROUGHT IN TOWARD MIDLINE
SHOULDER HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION
80
TRUNK ROTATED IN/OUT
SPINAL ROTATION
81
HEAD ROTATED IN/ OUT
CERVICAL ROTATION
82
3 PRIMARY TYPES OF MUSCLE ACTIONS
ISOTONIC (ECCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC), ISOMETRIC, ISOKINETIC
83
MUSCLE ACTION THAT OCCURS WHEN MUSCLE DEVELOPS TENSION WHILE LENGTHENING
ECCENTRIC MUSCLE ACTION
84
CONSTANT MUSCLE TENSION
ISOTONIC (ECCENTRIC/ CONCENTRIC)
85
CONSTANT MUSCLE LENGTH
ISOMETRIC
86
CONSTANT VELOCITY OF MOTION
ISOKINETIC
87
DURING ECCENTRIC ACTION, MUSCLE LENGTHENS BECAUSE CONTRACTILE FORCE IS WHAT ?
LESS THAT THE RESISTIVE FORCE
88
AS MUSCLE LENGTHENS, ACTIN AND MYOSIN CROSS BRIDGES SO WHAT ?
PULL APART AND REATTACH, ALLOWING MUSCLE TO LENGTHEN
89
T OR F: LENGTHENING OF MUSCLE USUALLY REFERS TO ITS RETURN OF RESTING LENGTH
TRUE
90
SYNONYMOUS WITH DECELERATION; ALSO KNOWN AS A NEGATIVE
ECCENTRIC MOTION
91
MOTION THAT MOVES IN SAME DIRECTION AS RESISTANCE IS MOVING (KNOWN AS DIRECTION OF RESISTANCE)
ECCENTRIC MOTION
92
WHEN A MUSCLE EXERTS FORCE GREATER THAN RESISTIVE FORCE, RESULTS IN SHORTENING OF MUSCLE
CONCENTRIC MUSCLE ACTION
93
AS MUSCLE SHORTENS, ACTIN AND MYOSIN CROSS BRIDGES DO WHAT ?
MOVE TOGETHER (SLIDING FILAMENT THEORY), ALLOWING MUSCLE TO SHORTEN
94
SYNONYMOUS WITH ACCELERATION; LIFTING PHASE
CONCENTRIC MUSCLE ACTION
95
WHEN MUSCLE EXERTS FORCE EQUAL TO FORCE BEING PLACED ON IT LEADING TO NO VISIBLE CHANGE IN MUSCLE LENGTH
ISOMETRIC MUSCLE ACTION
96
WHEN A MUSCLE SHORTENS AT CONSTANT SPEED OVER A FULL RANGE OF MOTION
ISOKINETIC MUSCLE ACTION
97
OBSERVED WHEN INDIVIDUAL PAUSES DURING RESISTANCE TRAINING EXERCISE B/W LIFTING AND LOWERING PHASE
ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION
98
USED TO DYNAMICALLY STABILIZE BODY
ISOMETRIC ACTIONS
99
REQUIRES USE OF EXPENSIVE AND SOPHISTICATED EQUIPMENT; RESISTANCE (LOAD) ADJUSTED SO THAT NO MATTER HOW MUCH MUSCULAR TENSION IS PRODUCED MOVEMENTS REMAINS CONSTANT
ISOKINETIC MUSCLE ACTION
100
MUSCLE AT ITS MAX THROUGHOUT WHOLE RANGE OF MOTION; IMPROVES STRENGTH, ENDURANCE AND NEUROMUSCULAR EFFICIENCY
ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION
101
CABLE CURL; ARMS CURLED UP TOWARDS CHEST IS WHAT MOTION ?
CONCENTRIC MOTION
102
CABLE CURL; ARMS BACK DOWN IS WHAT MOTION ?
ECCENTRIC MOTION
103
WALL BALL SQUAT; DOWN TO FLOOR IS WHAT MOTION ?
ECCENTRIC MOTION
104
WALL BALL SQUAT; UP TO STANDING POSITION IS WHAT MOTION ?
CONCENTRIC MOTION
105
INFLUENCE APPLIED BY ONE OBJECT TO ANOTHER, RESULTS IN ACCELERATION OR DECELERATION OF SECOND OBJECT
FORCE

NASM CPT EXAM STUDY GUIDE (27 decks)

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