Ch 90: Antimycobacterial Agents: Drugs for Tuberculosis, Leprosy, and Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection

Question 1

Tuberculosis is caused by _____________ ____________, an organism also known as the ________ ________.

Answer 1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
tubercle bacillus
(p. 1071)

Question 2

How many people harbor latent TB infection worldwide?

Answer 2

over 2 billion

p. 1071

Question 3

Most people infected with M. tuberculosis remain ____________, although they will harbor dormant bacteria for life (in the _______ of drug therapy).

Answer 3

asymptomatic; absence

p. 1083

Question 4

TB therapy is _________, lasting from a minimum of _ ______ to _ _____ and even longer.

Answer 4

prolonged; 6 months to 2 years

p. 1083

Question 5

What are the principal first-line drugs for TB?

Answer 5

Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol

p. 1083

Question 6

What is MDR-TB and XDR-TB?

Answer 6

multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis

(p. 1072)

Question 7

Initial therapy of MDR-TB and XDR-TB may require…

Answer 7

…up to seven drugs.

p. 1083

Question 8

For years, _________, taken daily for _ months, has been the preferred treatment for latent TB. However, a much simpler regimen - _________ plus ___________ taken once a ____ for _ months - is just as effective and is likely to replace isoniazid alone as standard treatment.

Answer 8

Isoniazid; 9
isoniazid plus rifapentine; week; 3 months

(p. 1083)